Depiction of a guard checking a salesperson's papers at a city gate
City gates were traditionally built to provide a point of controlled access to and departure from a walled city for people, vehicles, goods and animals. Depending on their historical context they filled functions relating to defense, security, health, trade, taxation, and representation, and were correspondingly staffed by military or municipal authorities. The city gate was also commonly used to display diverse kinds of public information such as announcements, tax and toll schedules, standards of local measures, and legal texts. It could be heavily fortified, ornamented withheraldic shields,sculpture or inscriptions, or used as a location for warning or intimidation, for example by displaying the heads ofbeheaded criminals or public enemies.
Notably in Denmark, manymarket towns used to have at least one city gate mostly as part of the city's fortifications, but duringthe Age of Absolutism their functions become closely linked to the collection ofcustoms, the so-calledoctroi, which from 1660 onwards was charged to the market town's coffers. When absolutism in Denmark came to an end after therevolutions of 1848, gate consumption was abolished in 1852, and since then the city gates also began to disappear.[1]
Medieval Danish city gates are found today only inVesterport,Faaborg, andMølleporten,Stege, as well as inFlensburg, today inGermany. Further city gates, in one form or another, can be found across the world in cities dating back to ancient times to around the 19th century. Many cities would close their gates after a certain curfew each night, for example, a bigger one likePrague or a smaller one like the one in Flensburg, in the north of Germany.
With increased stability and freedom, many walled cities removed such fortifications as city gates, although many still survive; albeit for historic interest rather than security. Many surviving gates have been heavily restored, rebuilt or new ones created to add to the appearance of a city, such as Bab Bou Jalous inFes. With increased levels of traffic, city gates have come under threat in the past for impeding the flow of traffic, such asTemple Bar Gate inLondon which was removed in the 19th century.
Canada: Kent Gate, Prescott Gate, Saint-Jean Gate, and Saint-Louis Gate at theramparts of Quebec City
Mexico:San Francisco de Campeche, a World Heritage Site, it is a colonial walled city. Are preserved today two city gates: Puerta del Mar completed in 1710, and Puerta de Tierra built in 1732.
InSan Juan, a World Heritage Site, the Walls of the city had five gates. The main was the Puerta de San Juan, today preserved, built in 1635. It also had the Puerta de San José, the Puerta de Santa Rosa, the Puerta de San Justo and the Puerta de Santiago the latter built between 1635 and 1641 by Captain General Íñigo de la Mota Sarmiento.
^"Byporte under enevælden" [City gates under the dictatorship] (in Danish). 10 March 2016. Archived fromthe original on 2007-12-17. Retrieved29 August 2022.
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