| Chevrolet Spark | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer |
|
| Production | 1998–2022 |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | City car (A) |
| Body style | 5-doorhatchback |
| Layout | Front-engine, front-wheel-drive |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Daewoo Tico |
TheChevrolet Spark (Korean:쉐보레 스파크) is acity car manufactured byGeneral Motors's subsidiaryGM Korea from 1998 to 2022. The vehicle was developed byDaewoo and introduced in 1998 as theDaewoo Matiz (Korean:대우 마티즈). In 2002,General Motors purchasedDaewoo Motors, which was marketing the vehicle with several GM marques and nameplates.
The third generation was marketed globally, prominently under the Chevrolet brand in North America as the Chevrolet Spark and in Australia and New Zealand as theHolden Barina Spark. The fourth generation was launched in 2015, known as theHolden Spark in Australia and New Zealand.[1] It also serves as the basis for theOpel Karl in Europe,[2] Vauxhall Viva in the UK,[3][4] andVinFast Fadil in Vietnam, the latter being manufactured under license.[citation needed]
A limited-productionall-electric version, theChevrolet Spark EV, was released in the U.S. in selected markets in California and Oregon in June 2013. The Spark EV was the first all-electric passenger car marketed by General Motors since theEV1 was discontinued in 1999, and also the first offered for retail sale by GM (the EV1 was available only on lease).[5][6]
In the South Korean market, the Spark complies with South Korean "light car" (Korean:경차,romanized: Gyeongcha) regulations, which regulate overall vehicle dimensions and engine capacity with tax and parking fee benefits.[7]
Production of the Spark at theChangwon, South Korea assembly plant ended in 2022. The plant would instead produce the second-generationTrax.[8]
| First generation | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| Overview | |
| Model code |
|
| Also called |
|
| Production |
|
| Assembly | |
| Designer | Fabrizio Giugiaro atItaldesign[12] |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | |
| Related | Daewoo Tico Chery QQ3 |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Transmission | |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,340 mm (92.1 in) |
| Length | 3,495 mm (137.6 in) |
| Width | 1,495 mm (58.9 in) |
| Height | 1,485 mm (58.5 in) |
| Curb weight | 795–850 kilograms (1,753–1,874 lb)[13] |
The production of Daewoo Matiz started in 1998, and it was marketed in South Korea and many European markets, internally designated theM100. The exterior design is based on theItaldesign Lucciola, a 1993 concept evolved from the 1992Italdesign Cinquecento concept by Fabrizio Giugiaro atItaldesign, which had been rejected byFiat.[14] The 0.8-litre gasoline engine and the transmission were carryovers from theDaewoo Tico, but as of 2013 used a multipointfuel injection system.[15] Engineering was carried out at Daewoo's Worthing Technical Centre in England. The car became the best selling Daewoo model in Europe and in India for the next four years.[16]
It was developed on the basis of the Daewoo Tico under license of theSuzuki Alto, with which both Tico and Matiz share mechanicals and suspensions. From this origin was derived its characteristic narrow width, imposed by the Japanesekei car tax category.
The Matiz was launched with just a 0.8-litrestraight-three engine. It developed a maximum power of 51 hp (38 kW) and a maximum torque of 68.5 N⋅m (51 lb⋅ft), and had a combined consumption of 6.4 L/100 km (44 mpg‑imp). It had a top speed of 144 km/h (89 mph) and could reach 100 km/h (62 mph) in 17 seconds.[15] This engine was developed from the Tico unit byTickford, a UK company based in Milton Keynes. The Tickford connection was acknowledged in the brochures distributed in UK showrooms.
It was released with three trim levels: E, S, and SE. The latter had air conditioning, wheel covers, body-colored bumpers, rear spoiler, fog lights, and a stereo, with optional features such as roof rails, power steering, central locking, electric front windows, antilock brakes, and driver airbag.[17] In certain markets, it was also available with an automatic transmission.
.jpg)
This facelift was designed at Daewoo's Worthing Technical Centre in England, and introduced in South Korea in late 2000, and exported from 2001. The front-end structure was modified to accommodate afour-cylinder engine, although the introduction of this engine, the 1.0-litreS-Tec unit, was delayed until after Daewoo's takeover by General Motors in 2002.
The M150 continued to be produced by GM-Uzbekistan (previouslyUzDaewooAuto) in Uzbekistan until 2018. The car was launched to the Russian market as theRavon Matiz in 2016, but was soon discontinued.[18] In South Korea and Japan this updated Matiz was sold under the nameDaewoo Matiz II.
In China, the car was marketed as the Chevrolet Lechi. It remained in production until 2012, when an updated version was introduced as theBaojun Lechi. It is to be offered under both Chevrolet and Baojun brands during a transition period.[19] The Lechi has also received certain powertrain updates, making the car economical enough to qualify for a subsidy and a tax break from the Chinese government.[19]
%2c_front_8.9.18.jpg)
%2c_rear_8.16.18.jpg)
_Cross%2c_front_8.4.18.jpg)
Euro NCAP test results for a RHD, five-door hatchback variant on a 2000 registration:
| Test[20] | Score | Points |
| Overall: | N/A | N/A |
| Adult occupant: |   | 19 |
| Child occupant: | N/A | N/A |
| Pedestrian: | | 15 |
| Safety assist: | N/A | N/A |
It featured a range of threepetrol engines which had these specifications:
| Model | Engine | Displacement | Power | Torque | 0–100 km/h (0-62 mph) | Top speed | CO2 emissions | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.8 | I3 | 796 cc | 51 PS (38 kW; 50 hp) | 69 N⋅m (51 lb⋅ft) at 4,200 rpm | 17.0 s | 144 km/h (89 mph) | 161 g/km | |
| 1.0 | I4 | 995 cc | 63 PS (46 kW; 62 hp) | 87 N⋅m (64 lb⋅ft) at 4,300 rpm | 14.2 s | 155 km/h (96 mph) | 157 g/km | introduced in 2002 |
| 1.2 | I4 | 1,206 cc | 86 PS (63 kW; 85 hp) | 108 N⋅m (80 lb⋅ft) at 4,000 rpm | 13.9 s | 160 km/h (99 mph) | 180 g/km | China, from 2009 |
.jpg)
TheChery QQ3, then known as the Chery QQ, became the center of an industrial copyright and intellectual rights controversy, as GM claimed the car was a copy of theDaewoo Matiz. GM executives demonstrated the extent of the design duplication, noting for example that the doors of the QQ and those of the Spark are interchangeable[21] without modification.
GM China Group indicated the two vehicles "shared remarkably identical body structure, exterior design, interior design, and key components"[21] MotorAuthority.com[22] andCar and Driver called the QQ a "carbon copy", while theInternational Herald Tribune, in a 2005 article, referred to it as a clone.[23]
TheDetroit News reported that "the dispute reflects the confusion, risks, and ambitions in China's new auto industry, where global carmakers are battling pugnacious upstarts for a piece of what may become the world's largest auto market."[24]
| Second generation | |
|---|---|
 Chevrolet Matiz (M200) | |
| Overview | |
| Model code |
|
| Also called |
|
| Production |
|
| Assembly |
|
| Designer | Giorgetto Giugiaro[citation needed] |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 5-doorhatchback |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Transmission | |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,345 mm (92.3 in) |
| Length | 3,495 mm (137.6 in) |
| Width | 1,495 mm (58.9 in) |
| Height | 1,500 mm (59.1 in) |
In 2005, the Matiz received substantial modifications (M200), previewed by theChevrolet M3X concept car shown at 2004Paris Motor Show. The upper body was revised, based again on a design byItaldesign Giugiaro, the S-Tec engines were updated, and the car'sdrag coefficient was lowered, resulting in betterfuel economy. The interior was also significantly revised, notably with a centre-mounted instrument cluster. The platform was also revised, with a twist-beam rear suspension system replacing the previous three-link beam axle, and the front suspension using cast, rather than pressed and fabricated lower control arms.
In 2008, the 800 cc engine was revised to fall below the 120 g/km level, thus qualifying for the UK's £35 road tax band and noLondon congestion charge.
In Europe, it was marketed under the namesChevrolet Matiz andChevrolet Spark. In Italy, theLPG version was calledChevrolet Matiz Eco Logic; it was built from 2007 to 2010 in over 60,000 vehicles by BRC Gas Equipment inCherasco,Cuneo, Italy.
In South Korea, where it was marketed only with an 800 cc engine and following the introduction of M300 Matiz (Matiz Creative), the M200 Matiz was renamed to Matiz ClassicProduction reach 2.3 million worldwide during the first 10 years.[25]
As of 2011,VIDAMCO of Vietnam produces the Matiz M200 as theChevrolet Spark Lite incomplete knock-down (CKD) form at itsHanoi production facility.[26]
In India, the local manufacturerGM India produced two special editions of this generation - the Chevrolet Spark LPG, a version equipped with a sequential injection-typeliquified petroleum gas kit, unveiled on the World Environment Day in New Delhi, and the Chevrolet Spark Muzic, introduced in 2009.
.jpg)
Euro NCAP test results for a five-door hatchback variant on a 2005 registration:
| Test[27] | Score | Points |
| Overall: | N/A | N/A |
| Adult occupant: |  | 17 |
| Child occupant: | | 30 |
| Pedestrian: | | 13 |
| Safety assist: | N/A | N/A |
| Model | Engine | Displacement | Power | Torque | 0–100 km/h (0-62 mph) | Top speed | CO2 emissions | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.8 | I3 | 796 cc | 52 PS (38 kW; 51 hp) | 72 N⋅m (53 lb⋅ft) at 4,400 rpm | 18.2 s | 145 km/h (90 mph) | 123 g/km | |
| 1.0 | I4 | 995 cc | 66 PS (49 kW; 65 hp) | 91 N⋅m (67 lb⋅ft) at 4,200 rpm | 14.1 s | 156 km/h (97 mph) | 133 g/km |
| Third generation | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Model code | M300 |
| Also called |
|
| Production | |
| Model years | 2013–2015 (North America) |
| Assembly |
|
| Designer | Taewan Kim[33] |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | |
| Platform | Gamma II |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Transmission | |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,375 mm (93.5 in) |
| Length |
|
| Width | 1,597 mm (62.9 in) |
| Height | 1,549–1,551 mm (61.0–61.1 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,070–1,090 kg (2,350–2,400 lb) |
The redesigned Matiz (codenamedM300) was launched in 2009 and is based on the 2007 Chevrolet Beat concept car. Although sold globally as the Chevrolet Spark, in India, this model retains the Beat name from the concept car, as the second-generation Spark continues to be sold in this market. In some Latin American markets, the Beat name was also used, while Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, and Peru received it as the Spark GT. Prior to the 2011 elimination of the Daewoo marque in South Korea, the third-generation Spark was marketed as theDaewoo Matiz Creative.[34]
GM presented a pre-production version of the Chevrolet Beat carrying theChevrolet Spark nameplate at the2009 North American International Auto Show. The production version was announced at that show, but only the Beat concept was shown.[35]
The production Chevrolet Spark was unveiled at the2009 Geneva Motor Show.[36] It became available in Europe in the first quarter of 2010, followed by other markets worldwide, with US sales set to begin in early 2012 for 2013 model year. Production of the car started from December 2009 in Halol, Gujarat, India. It was launched in India in January 2010 as theChevrolet Beat duringAuto Expo in New Delhi.
With the M300, the original Suzuki platform was replaced byGM Global Small Vehicles platform, developed by GM Daewoo engineers.
TheChevrolet Beat concept car was unveiled at the2007 New York International Auto Show alongside two other concept vehicles, theTrax and theGroove. The Beat is a three-doorhatchback concept, derived from theDaewoo Kalos. It was designed byGM Daewoo in South Korea. It is powered by a 1.2 L turbocharged gasoline engine mated to an automatic transmission.[37]
In early 2007, GM conducted a poll testing the relative popularity of the Beat, Trax, and Groove concepts on a Chevrolet website,[38] with the Beat receiving nearly 50% of the vote, which ultimately determined the car making it into production.
GM displayed a prototype woodie version of the forthcoming Chevrolet Spark for the2010 Paris Motor Show.[39]
This version was used asSkids vehicle mode in the 2009 filmTransformers: Revenge of the Fallen alongside the Trax. The car sports a Vertigo Green exterior paint job with the same hue carried over to the parts of the interior. Its profile is high at the rear and tapering down evenly to the front of the grille. Headlights that appear to extend all the way from the base of the grille to the base of windshield areLED type. It feature 17-inch wheels with matching green paint of the disc brakes. Twin taillights that extend upward to the back-up lights are also LEDs.
The first facelift was revealed at the2012 Paris Motor Show. It features a redesigned dual-port grille and front bumper, and restyled headlamp covers and fog lamps.[40] The North American model, launched for the 2013 model year, uses the facelifted styling. The first facelift model was launched in India in February 2014.[41][42] The facelifted Holden Barina Spark retained the existing front bumper, with its front grille being redesigned.
A second facelift was launched in 2017 for the 2018 year with a design inspired by the fourth-generation Spark (M400). Produced in India and Colombia, it is aimed mainly to developing countries.[30]
.jpg)
A four-door sedan version was unveiled in a near-production prototype form at the 2016 Auto Expo in India as theChevrolet Essentia.[43][44] After GM halted domestic sales in India in 2017, the Essentia was ultimately cancelled for the Indian market. The model was instead exported to Latin America either in finished form or asknock-down kits (to be assembled byGM Colmotores) as the Beat or Beat NB (notchback).
The Beat and its notchback version were discontinued from the Mexican market in early August 2021, giving the production run from 2018 to 2021 model years. The Taxi variant of the Beat Notchback was available for the Colombian market until the 2022 model year.[31]
A crossover-styled version is also available in South America as theChevrolet Spark GT Activ orChevrolet Beat Activ. The concept version was showcased at the 2016 Auto Expo in India,[45] however the production version was never sold in India as GM pulled out from the market. The production version is available in several Latin American markets starting from 2018.[46][47]
The U.S. version of the third-generation Spark went into production on 16 April 2012, and arrived in dealerships in August 2012. Marketed as the Chevrolet Spark, the car uses a special up-stroked version of the"S-TEC II" engine (RPO code LL0).
The 2013 Spark was the fastest-selling car in the United States for July 2012, with just 6 days from when they arrived at dealers to when they were sold.[48]
For 2014, the automatic transmission is aJatco M4M-CVT7[49] continuously variable transmission (CVT) and the final drive ratio lowered to 3.75.[50][51] The CVT gives better fuel mileage overall than the previous 4 speed automatic, and changing the final drive ratio from its previous 4.145[52][53] reduces engine noise and increases fuel economy on the highway while increasing noise and reducing fuel mileage in the city. Industry sources have commented on the ongoing reliability issues with the Jatco CVT transmissions.[54]
The Domino's DXP (short for "Delivery eXPert") is a version 2015 Spark marketed in the U.S., which was customized byRoush Performance forDomino's Pizza where it was converted to a revival of acanopy express vehicle which was popular from the 1930s to the 1950s. Based on the mid-level 1LT trim of the Spark, the front and rear passenger seats are removed and replaced with storage compartments that can carry 80 pizzas, two 2-liter bottles of soda, and dipping sauces. The left rear passenger door is converted into a warming oven that can only be unlocked with the key fob or a button within the driver's door frame. The Spark's Chevrolet front grille is replaced with a custom-made black front grille with the "Domino's" logo, as well as a custom lower body kit, and all DXP cars have a custom Domino's-themed vinyl wrap with a lighted Domino's roof topper.
Production is limited to less than 200 units and once each car reaches 100,000 miles, it will be retired and returned to Roush, where it will be restored to stock form and sold as a used Spark (all four factory seatbelts and airbags are left fully intact, and covered by plastic panels).[55][56][57] Despite the intentions of Domino's to eventually retire the DXP and leave none remaining, several wrecked DXPs have been salvaged by private individuals with the intention of retaining them as rare cars when the rest of the fleet is retired. The situation has resulted in threatened legal action by a Domino's franchisee.[58][59]
The third-generation Spark was unveiled at the2009 Geneva Motor Show.[36] It became available in Europe in the first quarter of 2010. Engine choices include 1.0- and 1.2-litre I4 engines. In Italy there is an LPG version of the Spark called the Chevrolet Spark Eco Logic with BRC Gas Equipment as of the end of 2009. This bi-fuel version is available with the 1.0 and 1.2 engines (both with 16 valves) with 113 to 119 g of CO2 emissions respectively. While the LPG cars are still available in Italy, in France the LPG versions were only available from 2009 until 2012.
Production of the third-generation, badged as the Beat, started at Halol plant near Ahmedabad inGujarat on 15 December 2009. It was launched in India on 5 January 2010, duringAuto Expo in New Delhi. The Beat was marketed alongside the second-generation Spark, which was offered as a more affordable alternative. The Beat is powered by a 1.2 LS-TEC II engine capable of operating using petrol orLPG autogas, marketed asSmartech II. The engine was destroked from 1,206 cc to 1,199 cc for the Indian market due to lower tax imposed to vehicles with engine displacement under 1,200 cc.
In July 2011, General Motors launched the diesel version of the Beat in India.[60] The3-cylinder, 936 cc turbo-diesel engine produces 62.5 PS (46 kW; 62 hp) and 160.26 N⋅m (118 lbf⋅ft) of torque, resulting in good acceleration and pick up. The 1.0 L, 936 cc diesel engine enables the car to reach 100 km/h (62 mph) in 16 seconds and a top speed of 142 km/h (88 mph). Chevrolet Beat Diesel offers mileage of 24 km/L (56 mpg) as per theARAI test reports. The engine is based on the FiatMultijet diesel technology.[61]
GM India was reported to build an electric version of the Spark or Beat with Reva Electric Car Company.[62] However, after the acquisition of Reva Electric Car Company byMahindra & Mahindra,GM India dropped the plans, and planned its own electric version.[63]
In Auto Expo 2016 in February, GM India showcased the four-door sedan version of the Beat as the Chevrolet Essentia,[43][44] and a crossover-styled concept model as the Beat Activ.[45] Both models never went on sale in India as Chevrolet ceased sales in the country in 2017, however these models were exported to Latin America until 2021.
In Mexico, the third-generation Spark it was released in July 2010 as a 2011 model year, but did not replace the Chevrolet Matiz (formerly Pontiac G2 Matiz), which was sold until 2015. In mid 2017, the third-generation Spark received a facelift and it was renamed the Chevrolet Beat.
On 5 August 2021, the Beat was discontinued in Mexico due to the Talegaon, India, plant being closed, leaving theAveo as their entry-level model in said market.[64]
In the Philippines, the third-generation Spark is equipped with 1.0 L and 1.2 L engines. It has 2 trims; the LS (5-speed manual or 4-speed automatic) and LT (5-speed manual). It was discontinued in 2015.
_1.jpg)
The car was unveiled in South Korea as theDaewoo Matiz Creative at the2009 Seoul Motor Show.[65] The Matiz version was renamed toMatiz Creative. The car has a 1.0 LS-TEC II engine with 4-speedautomatic transmission. Sales began on 1 September 2009.[34] The Groove name used in one of the rejected concepts returned as a trim level.[66]
In 2011, the Matiz Creative is renamed as Chevrolet Spark, as part of phasing out the Daewoo brand in South Korea, making way for the Chevrolet brand.
In Australia and New Zealand, the third-generation Spark was released in October 2010 at the 2010Australian International Motor Show in Sydney as the MJ seriesHolden Barina Spark. It was available in two trim levels, CD and CDX. It was discontinued in February 2018 to be replaced by the fourth-generation model.
_CDX_hatchback_(2018-10-30).jpg)
_CD_hatchback_(2018-10-01)_01.jpg)
_CD_hatchback_(2018-10-01)_02.jpg)
.jpg)
The Chevrolet Spark was released in Uzbekistan in August 2010. It was available in three trim levels: L (1.0 L manual), LS (1.0 L manual/auto) and LT (1.2 L manual).
The Uzbekistan-made Spark has been sold in Russia as the Ravon R2 since 2016. It was available with the 1.2 L engine and automatic gearbox.[67]
The Korean-made Spark in its most basic Latin American market configuration with no airbags and noABS received 0 stars for adult occupants and 2 stars for toddlers fromLatin NCAP in 2014.[68]
The Indian-made Spark GT in its most basic Latin American market configuration with no airbags, no ABS and noESC received 0 stars for adult occupants and 0 stars for toddlers from Latin NCAP in 2016 (one level above 2010–2015).[69]
| Test | Points | % |
|---|---|---|
| Overall: | | |
| Adult occupant: | 29 | 81% |
| Child occupant: | 38 | 78% |
| Pedestrian: | 16 | 43% |
| Safety assist: | 3 | 43% |
| Model | Engine | Displacement | Power | Torque | 0 to 100 km/h | Top speed | CO2 emissions | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Petrol engines | ||||||||
| 1.0 | S-TEC III4 | 995 cc | 68 PS (50 kW; 67 hp) at 6,400 rpm | 93 N⋅m (69 lb⋅ft) at 4,800 rpm | 15.5 sec. | 96 mph (154 km/h) | 119 g/km | |
| 1.2 | 1,206 cc | 81 PS (60 kW; 80 hp) at 6,400 rpm | 111 N⋅m (82 lb⋅ft) at 4,800 rpm | 12.1 sec. | 102 mph (164 km/h) | 119 g/km | ||
| 1.2 | 1,199 cc | 80.5 PS (59.2 kW; 79.4 hp) at 6,200 rpm | 108 N⋅m (80 lb⋅ft) at 4,400 rpm | 115 g/km | India only | |||
| 1.2 | 1,249 cc | 84 hp (62.5 kW) at 6400 rpm | 112 N⋅m (83 lb⋅ft) at 4,400 rpm | 11.3 sec. | 130 g/km | North America | ||
| LPG engines | ||||||||
| 1.2 | S-TEC II I4 | 1,199 cc | 80.04 PS (58.87 kW; 78.95 hp) at 6,400 rpm | 104 N⋅m (77 lb⋅ft) at 4,400 rpm | 72 g/km | India only | ||
| Diesel engines | ||||||||
| 1.0 | XSDEI3 | 936 cc | 62.5 PS (46.0 kW; 61.6 hp) | 150 N⋅m (111 lb⋅ft) at 1,750 rpm | 16.0 sec. | 145 km/h (90 mph) | 108 g/km | India only; introduced in 2011 |
| Chevrolet Spark EV | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | General Motors |
| Production | June 2013 – December 2016 |
| Model years | 2014–2016 |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 5-doorhatchback |
| Layout | Front-motor, front-wheel drive |
| Platform | Gamma II |
| Powertrain | |
| Electric motor | 97 kW (130 bhp)[70]AC permanent magnet |
| Battery | |
| Electric range | 132 km (82 mi) (EPA)[73] |
| Plug-in charging |
|
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,370 mm (93.5 in)[74] |
| Length | 3,720 mm (146.5 in)[74] |
| Width | 1,600 mm (64 in)[74] |
| Curb weight | 1,356 kg (2,989 lb)[74] |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | General Motors EV1 |
| Successor | Chevrolet Bolt |
TheChevrolet Spark EV is a limited production 5-door hatchbackbattery electric vehicle produced by Chevrolet from 2013 until 2016. The Spark EV was acompliance car specifically designed to meet the government mandate on automobile manufacturers to increase the penetration ofelectric automobiles into the fleet of all operating vehicles on the road in certain US states, but was not intended for broad adoption in the broader US market, nor produced and sold in quantities that would meetdemand for such vehicles in the open market where no such government rules exist.[75][76]
In October 2011, General Motors announced the planned production of the Chevrolet Spark EV, with availability limited to select markets starting in 2013.[77] The production version was unveiled at theNovember 2012 Los Angeles Auto Show.[78] Within the framework of GM's vehicle electrification strategy,[79] the Spark EV was the first all-electric passenger car marketed by General Motors in the U.S. since theEV1, which had been discontinued in 1999.[5]
The Spark EV was released in the U.S. in June 2013, with availability initially limited to the markets in California and Oregon.[6] The first vehicle was leased to a family in theStudio City neighborhood of Los Angeles.[80] The electric car went on sale inMaryland in the second quarter of 2015, the firstEast Coast state where the Spark EV was available.[81]
| Year | Sales |
|---|---|
| 2013 | 539 |
| 2014 | 1,145 |
| 2015 | 2,629 |
| 2016 | 3,035 |
| 2017 | 23 |
| Total | 7,371 |
As of December 2014[update], U.S. sales totaled 1,684 units.[83] In April 2015, GM announced a price cut of US$1,650, toUS$25,995 (equivalent to $34,480 in 2024) and simultaneously announced a new lease deal ofUS$139 (equivalent to $180 in 2024) per month, along with additional discounts ranging from US$1,000 to 3,500, depending on the state.[84] Sales jumped by approximately nine times, from an average of 100 per month to 920 in April 2015 alone, in response to the price cut.[85] The Spark EV was discontinued in December 2016, when Chevrolet began selling theBolt, which had a much longer range and wider availability.[86] In total, it was estimated from incentive data that 7,371 Spark EVs were sold or leased to customers in the United States, including a few leftover vehicles in 2017.[82]
Retail sales of the Spark EV began in South Korea in October 2013.[87] The Spark was also available in Canada for limited fleet sales starting in 2014.[88]
The electric car was initially powered by a 21.3kWhlithium iron phosphate (LiFePO) battery pack supplied byA123 Systems.[5][89] In a white-paper, thenanophosphate material used in thecathode was touted as increasing battery life and safety.[90] In 2014, for the 2015 model year, the battery pack supplier was changed toLG Chem[71] and the chemistry was changed tolithium-ion (Li-ion) which resulted in a smaller capacity pack (19 kWh) while maintaining the same EV range,[91] which was estimated at 82 mi (132 km) with a combined (city and highway) economy rating of 119miles per gallon gasoline equivalent (0.176 kW⋅h/km; 0.28 kW⋅h/mi) under the EPA cycle for all model years.[92] The weight of the traction battery was reduced by 86 lb (39 kg) with the move to the smaller pack.[93] It is carried over the rear axle and is equipped with a liquid thermal management system.[94]
The Spark EV is equipped with a standard onboard charger that can accept AC power at a maximum rate of 3.3 kW.[95] When equipped with an optionalCCS/SAE Combo Type 1 DC power inlet, the Spark EV can be fast-charged to 80% of capacity in 20 minutes. Using the onboard AC charger, charging time increases to about seven hours using a dedicated 240-volt charging station or about 20 hours using a standard household 120-volt outlet.[94] It is the first car in the United States to offer a CCS Combo inlet.[96]
The 2014 production version featured a 97 kW (130 hp) motor, providing 542 N⋅m (400 lb⋅ft) of torque.[72][97] The electric motor and final drive unit were assembled in GM'sBaltimore Operations plant inWhite Marsh, then shipped to South Korea where they were fitted to the vehicles.[98] Alongside the new battery for the 2015 model year, torque output was reduced to 443 N⋅m (327 ft⋅lb) while power rose to 105 kW (141 hp) and the drive ratio was also changed from 3.17 to 3.87.[94][99]
| Fourth generation | |
|---|---|
 Chevrolet Spark LT (North America; pre-facelift) | |
| Overview | |
| Model code | M400 |
| Also called |
|
| Production | 2015–2022 |
| Model years | 2016–2022 (North America) |
| Assembly | South Korea:Changwon (GM Korea) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 5-doorhatchback |
| Related | Opel Karl//Vauxhall Viva/VinFast Fadil |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Transmission |
|
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,385 mm (93.9 in) |
| Length | 3,636 mm (143.1 in) 3,595 mm (141.5 in) (South Korea)[101] |
| Width | 1,595 mm (62.8 in) |
| Height | 1,483 mm (58.4 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,019–1,049 kg (2,247–2,313 lb) |
The fourth-generation Spark, internally designated M400, was styled under the direction of GM Global Design Chief Michael Simcoe, debuted at theApril 2015 New York International Auto Show and went on sale in the fourth quarter of 2015.[102][103] Mildly restyled and equipped variants were marketed as the Holden Spark in Australia and New Zealand'Opel Karl in Europe, Vauxhall Viva in the UK, andVinFast Fadil in Vietnam (produced under license). Variations included revised instrument panel, sideswaging and a small quarter light in the rear door, displacing the high-mounted rear door handles of the Spark.
In North America, at introduction, the fourth-generation Spark is powered by a 1.4-litre, 1,399 cc (85 cu in)LV7DOHCI4 gasoline engine producing 98 hp (73 kW) and 94 pound-feet (127 N⋅m) torque. The Korean domestic version as well as Opel, Vauxhall and Holden variants used a 1.0 L engine producing 75 hp and 70 pound-feet torque.
| Engine | Displacement | Power | Torque | (0-60)mph | Top speed | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0 L | 999 cc | 75 hp | 70 lb-ft | 12.4 s | 108 mph | Korea and EU Only |
| 1.4 L | 1399 cc | 98 hp | 94 lb-ft | 11 s |
In the United States, the Spark was available in four trim levels: base LS, mid-level 1LT, lifestyle-oriented ACTIV (available starting with the 2017model year), and top-tier 2LT. Each trim level was available with either a standard five-speedmanual transmission, or acontinuously variable transmission (CVT).
Canada received the LS, 1LT, and 2LT models. The biggest seller by far was the 1LT; 85 percent of Canadian buyers opted for an 1LT fitted with the automatic transmission.[104]
The Spark was launched for the Mexican market on 4 November 2015, as a 2016 model and only offered in the LT and LTZ trim lines, both of them powered by a 1.4-liter engine.[105]
In 2018, for the 2019 model year, the Spark received a mid-cycle facelift. Changes included a new third-generation seven-inchChevrolet Infotainment 3 infotainment system, revised exterior styling, optional low-speed autonomous emergency braking (AEB) on selected models, and new exterior color options. In the United States, the facelifted Spark went on sale in the third quarter of 2018 formodel year 2019.[106] For Mexico, the model was facelifted in October 2018 as a 2019 model, discontinuing the LTZ trim line and adding the Premier and Activ trim lines.[107]
.jpg)
.jpg)
For the 2018 model year, GM introduced the Activ trim level between the 1LT and 2LT trims, including leatherette-trimmed seating surfaces, heated front seats, leather-wrapped steering wheel, aluminum-alloy wheels, unique black exterior styling elements, roof rails, rear liftgate badging, and ground clearance increased by 0.4 inches.[108] It was not offered for sale in Canada.[104]
Chevrolet discontinued the Spark after the 2022 model year.[109] Production ceased in August 2022.[110] The Spark was the United States and Canada's least expensive new car on sale.[111] Production for South Korea was scheduled to cease on 8 September 2022.[110] Supply chain replacement parts has ceased for 2014-2016 models.
The Chevrolet Spark EV is a rebadged model ofWuling Air EV for the Egyptian market.
The Chevrolet Spark EUV is a rebadged model ofBaojun Yep Plus for the Middle East and the Latin American markets.
In India, it was launched in 1999 as the Daewoo Matiz. In 2007, General Motors India launched the Chevrolet M3X concept based third generation, as the Chevrolet Spark. In Japan, the Matiz was sold under the GM Daewoo brand through theYanase Co., Ltd. dealership network, but was considered a "compact car" due to the length, width and engine displacement exceeding theKei car regulations. In thePhilippines, the Matiz was available during the years 1999–2000 through the grey market. In 2007, it was released under the nameChevrolet Spark. InPakistan, the car was initially introduced asChevrolet Exclusive in 2003. From 2005 to 2009 it was manufactured byNexus Automotive (importers and assemblers of General Motors Korea and Daewoo vehicles in Pakistan) under the nameChevrolet Joy, which has now been replaced by the newer M200 series and is currently sold as theChevrolet Spark. InTaiwan, the Matiz was sold under theFormosa brand between 2001 and 2009.
From 1998 until 2004, the Matiz was sold in Europe under the Daewoo badge.[112] In 2004, it took the Chevrolet marque,[113] as well as the other South Korean models of General Motors, such as the Lacetti and Kalos. Since 2000,CKD kits have been supplied toUzDaewooAuto,FSO andRodae, to be built and sold inUzbekistan, Poland andRomania respectively. At the beginning of 2005, FSO began marketing the Matiz under their own brand. The Chevrolet Matiz were briefly marketed as the Chevrolet Spark in the UK.[114][115] The fourth generation was marketed in most of Europe as theOpel Karl and as the Vauxhall Viva in the UK until both were discontinued in 2019.[116][117]
In Mexico, the Matiz was introduced to the market in 2003. The 2006 model was renamed toPontiac Matiz G2. It was also sold as Pontiac Matiz and Pontiac G2. The Pontiac G2 was discontinued in Mexico after a short run of 2010 models as the brand was closed by General Motors. The new version was officially launched as the Chevrolet Spark in August 2010, and the Matiz continues to be sold alongside the Spark. An M300-based vehicle is currently in production inBrazil as a replacement for theChevrolet Celta. InColombia, the Matiz was imported by Daewoo distributors between 2002 and 2005 and then GM Colmotores began to assemble and sell it branded as Chevrolet Spark. In 2006, a taxi version called7/24 was launched. InCosta Rica,Dominican Republic,El Salvador,Honduras,Panama,Uruguay andVenezuela, it is sold as the Chevrolet Spark. InArgentina, the first generation was sold as the Daewoo Matiz through Daewoo importers. The second generation was sold as Chevrolet Spark through Chevrolet dealers. Since 2011, the third generation is available. InChile,Ecuador, andPeru, the former version is sold as the Chevrolet Spark, and the latest version as the Chevrolet Spark GT. InParaguay, it was initially sold as Daewoo Matiz, but from 2008, it is sold through Chevrolet dealers.
In North America, the Spark was initially marketed in three trim levels, 1LS, 1LT, and 2LT, as well as the EV.
In Canada, the Spark has been marketed as the country's least expensive new car from the 2016 model year, with a starting price of $9,988. For that price, the base Spark does not include air conditioning, and comes with a manual transmission.[118] It competed with the similarly pricedNissan Micra (until that car's discontinuation in Canada as of the 2019 model year).
In South Africa,General Motors South Africa (GMSA) announced on 2 October 2010, plans to manufacture the new Chevrolet Spark at its Port Elizabeth plant. The second generation Spark is still sold, though branded as a 'Spark Lite'.
InIran, the Matiz was produced (first imported and later assembled) and known as Daewoo Matiz. InIsrael, UMI (Universal Motors Israel) announced on 18 January 2011, the marketing commencement of the 1.2L Chevrolet Spark model.
Within Australia and New Zealand, the Spark was sold through theHolden brand. Sales commenced in February 2016, with two specifications launched. The LS was the base specification, which features steel wheels, central locking as well as Holden's MyLink infotainment system. Building upon the LS, the LT adds 15-inch alloy wheels, keyless entry and a rear view camera.[119]
With light car sales decreasing in Australia, Holden announced in April 2018 that they would discontinue the Spark in Australia. Although, it continued to be sold in New Zealand until the demise of the Holden brand in 2020.[120][121]
_LS_hatchback_(2017-08-27).jpg)
_LT_hatchback_(2017-07-15)_02.jpg)
| Year | United States | South Korea | Europe[122] | Mexico[123] | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Matiz/Spark | Spark | Spark EV | Beat | Matiz | |||
| 1999 | 90,524 | ||||||
| 2000 | 104,481 | ||||||
| 2001 | 69,106 | ||||||
| 2002 | 58,640 | ||||||
| 2003 | 50,539 | ||||||
| 2004 | 79,409 | ||||||
| 2005 | 73,189 | ||||||
| 2006 | 61,456 | ||||||
| 2007 | 67,352 | ||||||
| 2008 | 65,562 | ||||||
| 2009 | 78,748 | ||||||
| 2010 | 73,769 | ||||||
| 2011 | 65,205 | ||||||
| 2012 | 12,385[124] | 46,562 | 23,107 | 16,048 | |||
| 2013 | 34,130[124] | 37,268 | 29,505 | 16,481 | |||
| 2014 | 39,159[125] | 10,138 | 36,479 | 21,362 | |||
| 2015 | 32,853[125] | 479 | 42,827 | 2 | 23,786 | ||
| 2016 | 35,511[126] | 96 | 74,075 | 3 | |||
| 2017 | 22,589[126] | 47,244[127] | 2 | 46,990 | 40,220 | ||
| 2018 | 23,602[128] | 39,868[129] | 3 | 9,690 | 70,656 | ||
| 2019 | 31,281[128] | 35,513[129] | - | 10,243 | 69,114 | ||
| 2020 | 33,478[130] | 28,935[131] | - | 5,463 | 41,782 | ||
| 2021 | 24,459[132] | 17,975[133] | - | 3,562 | 19,265 | ||
| 2022 | 13,710[134] | 10,963[135] | - | 107 | |||
The Viva is a compact city car that was sold between 2015 and 2019 [..] the Viva was discontinued at the start of 2019
The Opel Adam and Opel Karl have both recently been dropped
| Predecessor | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brands |
| ||||||||||||||
| Vehicles |
| ||||||||||||||
| Concept cars | |||||||||||||||
| Former subsidiaries | |||||||||||||||
Established in 1911, a division ofGeneral Motors since 1918 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current models |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Former models (by date of introduction)1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concept cars |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Related topics | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Links to related articles | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
