Pittsboro, North Carolina | |
|---|---|
Town | |
 Hillsboro Street in downtown Pittsboro | |
 Seal | |
| Nickname: Circle City | |
 Location of Pittsboro, North Carolina | |
| Coordinates:35°43′40″N79°10′10″W / 35.72778°N 79.16944°W /35.72778; -79.16944 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | North Carolina |
| County | Chatham |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Cindy Perry |
| Area | |
• Total | 5.52 sq mi (14.29 km2) |
| • Land | 5.49 sq mi (14.21 km2) |
| • Water | 0.03 sq mi (0.08 km2) |
| Elevation | 466 ft (142 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 4,537 |
| • Density | 826.86/sq mi (319.24/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| ZIP codes | 27228, 27312 |
| Area code | 919 / 984 |
| FIPS code | 37-52660[3] |
| GNIS feature ID | 2407130[2] |
| Website | pittsboronc |
Pittsboro is a town inChatham County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 3,743 at the2010 census[4] and 4,537 at the2020 census. It is thecounty seat of Chatham County.[5]
The town was established in the late 18th century, shortly after theAmerican Revolution, as the county seat for the newly formed Chatham County. In the years leading up to theAmerican Civil War, the economy was dominated by small-scale farms that relied heavily on enslaved labor. In the aftermath of the civil war, racial tensions were high, and the town was noted for a number of lynchings and other racial violence in the late 19th century. Industrialization came to the community in the late 19th century, as a number of rivers cross the area providing locations for mills and factories. Economic and population growth would continue into and throughout the 20th century. As industry moved away from the community, it has in the 21st century transitioned into abedroom community for the nearby cities of theResearch Triangle region.
Pittsboro was established as a town in 1785.[6] The Chatham County Court House was built on land belonging to Mial Scurlock, but in 1787 the legislature declared that a town could not be established on Scurlock's land. The town's trustees instead purchased adjacent land belonging to William Petty and laid out the town.[7] That same year, Pittsboro was officially named the county seat. Although Chatham County is named forWilliam Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham, Pittsboro is named for his son,William Pitt the Younger.
Pittsboro was once considered as a site for both theUniversity of North Carolina and the state capital. The university was established inChapel Hill, beginning in 1789. The state capital isRaleigh, 34 miles (55 km) east of Pittsboro.
As the county seat, Pittsboro has been a center of trade and local government, including the courts. Many farmers would come into town on the weekend for trade. In 1881 a new county courthouse and jail were built in Pittsboro.
The area did not have large plantations, but farmers also depended on slave labor. In 1860 nearly one-third of the county population was made up of enslaved African Americans. After the Civil War andemancipation, whites used violence and other means to enforcewhite supremacy and suppress the freedmen's vote. TheKu Klux Klan and other supremacist groups were active in the county.[8]
Pittsboro was the scene of a notorious masslynching of four African Americans in 1885, including a woman. The event earned statewide condemnation. Those lynched were tenant farmers. A masked mob took Jerry Finch, his wife Harriet, and Lee Tyson from jail, where they were being held after arrest as suspects in a robbery/murder case.[8] Harriet Finch was one of four black women to be lynched in the state.[9] They also took and hanged John Pattishall, who was awaiting trial for two other unrelated robbery/murders.[10]
A white mob broke into the Pittsboro jail and seized a 16-year-old boy,Eugene Daniel. He was lynched and then had his body riddled with bullets on September 18, 1921.[11][12]
Violence continued during the stress of economic hard times at the end of the century and into the early 20th century, when the statedisenfranchised most blacks. This political exclusion lasted until after 1965 and passage of theVoting Rights Act. In 2019, a statue erected in 1907 of a Confederate soldier outside theChatham County Courthouse in Pittsboro was taken down.[13][14]
Textile mills in the north-central area of the county along the Haw River, Rocky River, and Deep River provided new manufacturing jobs to workers who had lost farm holdings due to economic depressions of the 1870s and early 1880s. It was the beginning of industrialization around Pittsboro.
On March 25, 2010, theChatham County Courthouse, while undergoing a $415,000 exterior renovation, caught fire. Smoke was first reported in the area around 4:15 pm; the fire was dispatched to the Pittsboro Fire Department around 4:45 pm. By 5 pm, smoke was reported to be rising from out of the clock tower, which was surrounded by scaffolds. The building was evacuated safely.
The building suffered severe damage to the clock tower and the third floor. It was reported that the fire had destroyed all the computers and records, but there were offsite copies and the information was recoverable.[15]
On March 26, 2010, at approximately 1:30 am, the clock tower collapsed onto the main building, but the building as a whole was damaged only on the second floor. Damage in the rest of the building was from water and smoke effects. Overall 11 fire departments participated in the fire efforts.
The fire marshal's investigation into the fire determined that it was caused by asoldering torch that ignited wood near thesoffit. Workers attempted to extinguish the blaze, but were unsuccessful. On March 31, 2010, the Chatham County Commissioners voted to rebuild the courthouse.[16] It reopened on April 20, 2013.[17]
The mayor of Pittsboro is electedat-large. The current mayor is Kyle Shipp. The town's five members of the Board of Commissioners are also electedat-large. They are Pamela Baldwin, J.A. (Jay) Farrell, John Foley, John Bonitz, and James Vose. The Board of Commissioners hires a town manager to administer daily operations of the city; the current town manager is Jonathan Franklin.[18]
Pittsboro holds elections for the Mayor and three seats on the Board of Commissioners every four years in the off-year after each midterm election. Two Pittsboro Commissioners are elected in the off-year after each presidential election.[19]
Pittsboro Police is directed by Chief Shorty Johnson. Serving Pittsboro's 4,000 residents, the department comprises 8 patrolmen, 1 community police officer, 1 lead investigator and 1 lieutenant.[20]
The town is served by five local schools and a Central Carolina Community College campus:
Pittsboro is located east of the center of Chatham County. U.S. Highways15 and501 run concurrently through the center of the town as Hillsboro Street and Sanford Road, leading north 17 miles (27 km) to the center ofChapel Hill and theUniversity of North Carolina, and south 17 miles (27 km) toSanford.U.S. Route 64 bypasses Pittsboro to the north and leads east 34 miles (55 km) toRaleigh and west 16 miles (26 km) toSiler City. U.S. Route 64 Business passes through the town as West Street and East Street, crossing US 15/501 at the traffic circle that surrounds the historicChatham County Courthouse in the center of town.North Carolina Highway 87 leads northwest from Pittsboro 32 miles (51 km) toBurlington.
Near the geographic center of the state, Pittsboro is 150 miles (240 km) fromWilmington at the coast and the same distance fromBoone in theBlue Ridge Mountains.
Jordan Lake is 8 miles (13 km) east, providing recreation, fishing, boating and scenic panoramas. The lake is 14,000 acres (5,700 ha) of surface and provides water for Raleigh and the towns ofCary andApex.
According to theUnited States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 4.2 square miles (10.8 km2), of which 4.1 square miles (10.7 km2) is land and 0.04 square miles (0.1 km2), or 0.86%, is water.[4]
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1900 | 424 | — | |
| 1910 | 502 | 18.4% | |
| 1920 | 584 | 16.3% | |
| 1930 | 675 | 15.6% | |
| 1940 | 826 | 22.4% | |
| 1950 | 1,094 | 32.4% | |
| 1960 | 1,215 | 11.1% | |
| 1970 | 1,447 | 19.1% | |
| 1980 | 1,332 | −7.9% | |
| 1990 | 1,436 | 7.8% | |
| 2000 | 2,226 | 55.0% | |
| 2010 | 3,743 | 68.1% | |
| 2020 | 4,537 | 21.2% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census[21] | |||
| Race | Number | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| White (non-Hispanic) | 2,946 | 64.93% |
| Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 798 | 17.59% |
| Native American | 6 | 0.13% |
| Asian | 77 | 1.7% |
| Pacific Islander | 1 | 0.02% |
| Other/Mixed | 224 | 4.94% |
| Hispanic orLatino | 485 | 10.69% |
As of the2020 United States census, there were 4,537 people, 1,841 households, and 1,044 families residing in the town.
The Census of 2010 shows a population of 3,743, 68% growth since 2000. The racial makeup of the town was: 72%White, 19%African American, 4% some other race alone, 2% two or more races. Almost 9% of the population wasHispanic orLatino. 54% of the population is female and 46% male.
As of the census[3] of 2000, there were 2,226 people, 855 households, and 535 families residing in the town. The population density was 663.1 inhabitants per square mile (256.0/km2). There were 939 housing units at an average density of 279.7 per square mile (108.0/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 64.38 percentWhite, 27.54 percentAfrican American, 0.49 percentNative American, 0.67 percentAsian, 0.04 percentPacific Islander, 4.99 percent fromother races, and 1.89 percent from two or more races.Hispanic orLatino of any race were 8.81 percent of the population.
There were 855 households, out of which 29.0 percent had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.9 percent were married couples living together, 18.7 percent had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.4 percent were non-families. 32.3 percent of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.7 percent had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.97.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 22.9% under the age of 18, 7.3 percent from 18 to 24, 28.7 percent from 25 to 44, 19.6 percent from 45 to 64, and 21.5 percent who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 80.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 75.0 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $35,800, and the median income for a family was $42,391. Males had a median income of $29,500 versus $26,719 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,863. About 19.2 percent of families and 18.3 percent of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.3 percent of those under age 18 and 13.7 percent of those age 65 or over.
Once home to textiles, the largest clothing label mill in the world, and poultry, the town now depends on commuter income, retail stores and a developing business ingenetics. Housing developments provide relief from loss of industry as the town adjusts to a new economy.
The water supply is abundant, derived from theHaw River. In the future, Jordan Lake will provide much of the water supply. In 2010, the wastewater allotment was expanded. The town is 15 miles (24 km) and 25 miles (40 km) from major power plants. Major corridor highways, US 15-501 and US 64, a four-lane divided highway, intersect there.
Pittsboro is home to the Chatham County Government, the Chatham County Justice Center, and many non-profit agencies and other social service organizations. Pittsboro is also a Certified Retirement Community.
A new community called Asteria is being developed byStoryliving by Disney in Pittsboro.[26]
Municipalities and communities ofChatham County, North Carolina,United States | ||
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| Other communities | ||
| Footnotes | ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties | |
Greater Durham–Chapel Hill metropolitan region (Durham MSA, part of theResearch Triangle) | ||
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| Principal cities |  | |
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