Chamberlain | |
|---|---|
| Township of Chamberlain | |
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  Chamberlain | |
| Coordinates:47°53′00″N79°56′00″W / 47.8833°N 79.9333°W /47.8833; -79.9333 | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Ontario |
| District | Timiskaming |
| Incorporated | 1908 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Township |
| • Reeve | Kerry Stewart |
| • Federal riding | Timmins-James Bay |
| • Prov. riding | Timiskaming—Cochrane |
| Area | |
| • Land | 110.22 km2 (42.56 sq mi) |
| Population (2016)[1] | |
• Total | 332 |
| • Density | 3.0/km2 (8/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (EST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| Postal Code | P0J 1H0 |
| Area code(s) | 705,249 |
| Website | www |
Chamberlain is atownship in theCanadian province ofOntario, located within theTimiskaming District.
The rural township had a population of 332 in theCanada 2016 Census.[1] Its primary named settlements are the communities of Chamberlain, Krugerdorf, and Wabewawa.
Nomadic people moved through the area 6,000 to 8,000 years ago. The area then became home toAlgonquin people.
European fur traders passed through the area beginning in the 1600s, likely following theBlanche River which flows through Chamberlain.
The Province of Ontario surveyed large areas to the north and west ofLake Timiskaming in the 1880s, and in 1888 Chamberlain was surveyed into seventy-two 160 acres (65 ha) lots.
Land was open for settlement at the head of Lake Timiskaming in 1891, and by 1902-03 settlers had moved into Chamberlain.
The newly constructed, provincially owned Temiskaming and Northern Ontario Railway (nowOntario Northland Railway) ran as far north asNew Liskeard. In 1904, work began to build the railway north from there, through the east side of Chamberlain. Work trains were clearing the railway right-of-way north ofEnglehart in 1906.
Between 1905 and 1915, the railway offered free land to settlers.
Chamberlain Township was incorporated in 1908.
Between 1925 and 1927, the province began construction of theFerguson Highway, a road system to connectNorth Bay toCochrane. In Chamberlain, it used the Wawbewawa Road to the Lutheran Church corner, and then followed Chamberlain 5 to the present dayHighway 573. It then turned north toSwastika. Realignment of 25 kilometres (16 mi) of road between Englehart andRound Lake occurred in 1939, creatingOntario Highway 11.[2][3]
August Kruger and Louise Mueller, immigrants from Germany, moved with their children to the area fromRenfrew County in 1905. Kruger was 59.
Kruger was attracted to the area by the stone-free farmland, as well as the likelihood of finding land for his 5 sons. Kruger built a small house and a blacksmith shop. ThePembrokeDeutsche Post reported in 1907 that the Krugers' new homestead comprised 820 acres (330 ha).
Kruger and his sons worked on the northern extension of the railway, and a station was built on their property. In their blacksmith shop they made railway spikes and shod horses. In time, the Kruger's built a sawmill on the Blanche River, as well as a threshing mill.
Other German-speaking families from the Renfrew area moved to the community, which was called "The German Settlement" until it was named Krugerdorf. English-speaking settlers from Toronto also settled there.
A Jewish community of about 50 families from Russia and Romania settled in the area, assisted by theBaron de Hirsch Institute of Montreal. The 'Northern Hebrew Cemetery' was established following the death of 3 settlers in a canoe accident.
Krugerdorf soon had a school, Lutheran church, Church of England, synagogue, 2 stores, gas station, boarding house, post office, railway station, community hall, and gravel pit.
The rich clay soil was suitable for growing crops, though the markets for beef and grain were distant and the growing season was short. Many farmers worked at lumber camps in winter to earn extra money.
The community began to decline in the 1920s, and a scattering of original buildings remain.[3][4][5]
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1986 | 381 | — |
| 1991 | 364 | −4.5% |
| 1996 | 361 | −0.8% |
| 2001 | 348 | −3.6% |
| 2006 | 322 | −7.5% |
| 2011 | 297 | −7.8% |
| 2016 | 332 | +11.8% |
| [6] | ||
In the2021 Census of Population conducted byStatistics Canada, Chamberlain had a population of311 living in132 of its145 total private dwellings, a change of-6.3% from its 2016 population of332. With a land area of 110.81 km2 (42.78 sq mi), it had a population density of2.8/km2 (7.3/sq mi) in 2021.[7]
Mother tongue (2006) :[8]
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