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Cerro del Pueblo Formation | |
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Stratigraphic range:Campanian ~73.6–72.7 Ma | |
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Type | Geological formation |
Unit of | Difunta Group |
Underlies | Cerro Huerta Formation |
Overlies | Parras Shale |
Thickness | 160 m (520 ft) |
Lithology | |
Primary | Mudstone,sandstone |
Other | Siltstone,conglomerate,limestone |
Location | |
Coordinates | 26°06′N101°06′W / 26.1°N 101.1°W /26.1; -101.1 |
Approximate paleocoordinates | 32°12′N75°30′W / 32.2°N 75.5°W /32.2; -75.5 |
Region | Coahuila |
Country | ![]() |
Extent | Parras Basin |
TheCerro del Pueblo Formation is a geologicalformation inCoahuila,Mexico, whose strata date back to the latest Campanian of theLate Cretaceous, just before the Campanian-Maastrichtian boundary. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.[1] The formation is believed to correlate with theBaculites reesidesi andBaculites jenseni ammonite zones, which dates it to 73.63-72.74 Ma.[2]
The Cerro del Pueblo Formation includes marine, brackish, and non-marine environments, and was laid down in a coastal lowland environment, with Coahuila being on the edge of theWestern Interior Seaway at the time. Fossils are abundant in the Cerro del Pueblo Formation, and include dinosaurs and other vertebrates, plants and seeds, and invertebrates including oysters, snails, and other molluscs. The formation is underlain by theParras Shale and is overlain by theCerro Huerta Formation.
Remains of the following ornithischians have been found in the formation:[3]
Ankylosaurs of the Cerro del Pueblo Formation | ||||
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Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
Ankylosauria[3] | Indeterminate[3] | A femur fragment, phalanx and a possible osteoderm.[3] | Indeterminateankylosaur remains.[3] | |
Ankylosauridae[3] | Indeterminate[3] | Osteoderms.[3] | Indeterminateankylosaurid remains.[3] | |
Nodosauridae[3] | Indeterminate[3] | A caudal vertebra, osteoderms and a tooth.[3] | Indeterminatenodosaurid remains.[3] |
Ceratopsians of the Cerro del Pueblo Formation | ||||
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Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
Centrosaurinae[3] | Indeterminate[3] | A partial right squamosal.[3] | Probably represents a new taxon.[3] | |
Ceratopsidae[3] | Indeterminate[3] | Squamosal fragment, metatarsal, metacarpal, sacral vertebrae, proximal end of femora, proximal end of ulna, possible frill fragments and teeth.[3] | Indeterminateceratopsid remains.[3] | |
Chasmosaurinae[3] | Indeterminate[3] | Supraorbital horncores, an orbit, dorsal vertebra, indeterminate cranial fragments, limb bones, and unspecified postcranial elements pertaining to juvenile specimens.[3] | Indeterminatechasmosaurine remains belonging to juvenile specimens.[3] |
Ornithopods of the Cerro del Pueblo Formation | ||||
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Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
Coahuilasaurus[4] | C. lipani[3] | Akritosaurinhadrosaurid | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | |
Hadrosauridae[3] | Indeterminate[3] | A braincase, postorbital, quadrate, laterosphenoid, dentaries, mandibles, maxillae, cervical vertebrae, dorsal vertebrae, sacral vertebrae, caudal vertebrae, neural spines, ribs, ilium, femora, fibulae, tibiae, humeri, ulnae, metatarsals, metacarpals, pedal phalanxes, pedal phalanges, pedal ungula, phalanges, phalanxes, various bone fragments, fibulae, scapulae, radii, coracoids, astragali, indeterminate pelvic bones, ossified tendons, isolated teeth and integumentary impressions.[3] | Indeterminatehadrosaurid remains from numerous specimens.[3] | |
Kritosaurus[5] | K. navajovius[5] | Predentary, symphyseal processes, rostral portion of dental battery of dentaries, rostral region of premaxillae, and fragments of maxilla.[5] | Akritosaurinhadrosaurid, originally referred toK. navajovius,[5] but reclassified toCoahuilasaurus. | |
Lambeosaurinae[3] | Indeterminate[3] | Maxillae, premaxillae, quadrate, partial braincase, dentaries, cervical vertebrae, dorsal vertebrae, sacral vertebrae, caudal vertebrae, neural spines, ribs, ilia, ischium, femora, fibulae, tibiae, humeri, ulnae, metatarsals, metacarpals, pedal phalanges, phalanges, pedal unguals, astragali, radii, scapulae, pubes and other unprepared elements.[3] | Indeterminatelambeosaurine remains from numerous specimens, including a large hadrosaurid.[3] | |
Latirhinus[6] | L. uitstlani[6] | Caudal vertebrae, scapulae, humeri, ulnae, coracoid, metacarpals, manual ungual, ilia, ischia, femora, tibiae, fibula, and astragalus.[6] | Holotype specimen is chimeric as it consists of multiple individuals. Some material from the holotype specimen is assigned toLambeosaurinae indet. andSaurolophinae indet..[7] | |
Saurolophinae[3] | Indeterminate[3] | A braincase, brain endocast, dentaries, maxillae, cervical vertebrae, dorsal vertebrae, sacral vertebrae, caudal vertebrae, chevrons, neural spines, ribs, ilium fragments, femora, fibulae, tibiae, humeri, ulnae, metatarsals, phalanges, phalanxes, scapulae, a possible coracoid, radii, ossified tendons, and undescribed juvenile specimens.[3] | Indeterminatesaurolophine remains from numerous specimens, including juvenile individuals.[3] | |
Tlatolophus[8] | T. galorum[8] | An almost complete skull, mandible, partial ilium, partial ischium, a femur, scapula, coracoid, sacral vertebrae, caudal vertebrae, and chevrons.[8] | Aparasaurolophinhadrosaur, closely related toCharonosaurus andBlasisaurus.[8] | |
Velafrons[9] | V. coahuilensis[9] | Dentaries, predentaries, ceratobranchial, premaxillae, maxillae, jugal, quadrate, nasal, skull roof, cervical vertebrae, dorsal vertebrae, sacral vertebrae, caudal vertebrae, neural arches, cervical ribs, ribs, chevrons, scapula, coracoids, humeri, ulnae, radii, metacarpals, manual phalanges, ilium, ischia, pubes, femora, tibiae, astragalus, metatarsals and pedal phalanges.[9] | Alambeosaurinehadrosaurid known only from a juvenile specimen.[9] |
Thescelosaurids of the Cerro del Pueblo Formation | ||||
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Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
Thescelosauridae[10] | Indeterminate[10] | A right premaxillary tooth and a posterior sacral vertebral centrum.[10] | Indeterminatethescelosaurid remains.[10] |
Remains of the following saurischians have been found in the formation:[3]
Coelurosaurs of the Cerro del Pueblo Formation | ||||
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Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
cf.Richardoestesia[3] | Indeterminate[3] | A tooth.[3] | A taxon only known from teeth.[3] |
Dromaeosaurs of the Cerro del Pueblo Formation | ||||
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Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
Dromaeosaurinae[3] | Indeterminate[3] | A pedal ungual and dentary teeth.[3] | Indeterminatedromaeosaurine remains.[3] | |
Saurornitholestinae[3] | Indeterminate[3] | A pedal ungual, manual unguals and teeth.[3] | Indeterminatesaurornitholestine remains.[3] |
Oviraptorosaurs of the Cerro del Pueblo Formation | ||||
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Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
Caenagnathidae | 3 tibia fragments, distal, proximal and medial shaft elements respectively.[11] | Anoviraptorosaur. Two different morphotypes are suggested, a small one, less than a meter in length. And a big morphotype, almost reaching two meters. |
Ornithomimosaurs of the Cerro del Pueblo Formation | ||||
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Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
Mexidracon[12] | M. longimanus[3] | A partial skeleton | Aornithomimidtheropod | ![]() |
Paraxenisaurus[13] | P. normalensis[13] | Caudal vertebrae, femur, peses, manual phalanxes, manual ungual, tarsals, metatarsals, metacarpals, pedal phalanx, pedal phalanges, and pedal unguals.[13] | Represents the first knowndeinocheirid from North America.[13] | ![]() |
"Saltillomimus" | "S. rapidus" | Partial skeleton.[14] | An informally namedornithomimosaur.[14] | ![]() |
Tyrannosaurs of the Cerro del Pueblo Formation | ||||
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Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
Labocania[15] | L. aguillonae[3] | Ateratophonein tyrannosaurine | ![]() | |
Tyrannosauridae[3] | Indeterminate[3] | A caudal vertebra, indeterminate vertebrae, tibia, fibula, fragments of ungual phalanges, phalanges, and teeth.[3] | Indeterminatetyrannosaurid remains.[3] |
Theropods of the Cerro del Pueblo Formation | ||||
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Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
Theropoda[3] | Indeterminate[3] | A neural arch, complete and fragmented pedal and manual phalanxes, manual unguals, unspecified vertebra, complete and fragmented caudal vertebrae, chevron, proximal end of femur, and unidentified bone fragments.[3] | Indeterminatetheropod remains.[3] | |
Troodontidae[3] | Indeterminate[3] | A pedal phalanx and a tooth.[3] | Indeterminatetroodontid remains.[3] |
Pterosaurs of the Cerro del Pueblo Formation | ||||
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Taxa | Presence | Description | Images | |
Ichnogenus: | Saltillo, Coahuila[16] | Specimens kept at the Dinosaur Tracks Museum, of the University of Colorado at Denver and the Secretaría de Educación Pública de Coahuila, Mexico;[16] might also representHaenamichnus.[17] |
Turtles of the Cerro del Pueblo Formation | ||||||
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Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images | ||
Mexichelys[18] | M. coahuilaensis | New genus forEuclastes coahuilaensis, seaturtle | ||||
Chedighaii[19] | C. hutchisoni | Abothremydid turtle | ||||
Yelmochelys[20] | Y. rosarioae | Astem-kinosternid turtle |
Color key
| Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are insmall text; |
Fish of the Cerro del Pueblo Formation | ||||||
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Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images | ||
Lepisosteus | L. sp. | |||||
Amiidae | Indet. |
Mammals of the Cerro del Pueblo Formation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images | ||
Cimolomyidae indet. | A cimolomyidmultituberculate.[14] | |||||
Pediomys | P. cf.elegans | Apediomyidtribosphenidan.[14] | ||||
Taeniolabidoidae indet. | A taeniolabidoid multituberculate.[14] | |||||
Turgidodon | T. cf.russelli | Analphadontidmarsupialiform.[14] |