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 Carnarvon NASA tracking station. | |
| Location(s) | Western Australia, AUS |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 24°54′15″S113°43′16″E / 24.9042°S 113.721°E /-24.9042; 113.721 |
  Location of Carnarvon Tracking Station | |
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TheCarnarvon Tracking Station was anEarth tracking station in Australia, located 10 kilometres (6.2 miles) south ofCarnarvon, Western Australia. It operated from 1963 until 1975, during which it supported the Gemini, Apollo and Skylab space programs.
The station was built in 1963 for use byNASA for theGemini program, the second step for NASA's plan to put a human on the Moon. It replaced theMuchea Tracking Station and used some of the equipment fromProject Mercury.
The station also included anFPQ-6 precision tracking radar, aSpacecraft Tracking and Data Acquisition Network (STADAN) scientific satellite tracking facility, a planetJupiter monitoring system, and a Solar Particle Alert Network (SPAN) facility. Together, these facilities formed the largest station in the NASA network outside mainland USA.
After the conclusion of the Gemini program, the Tracking Station provided extensive support for theProject Apollo missions to the Moon. Because of Carnarvon's unique geographical position, it was used to uplink thetrans-lunar injection command to the Apollo spacecraft and was the prime link for the last hours of re-entry to Earth.
To enhance critical communications between the station and theHouston Control Centre, NASA funded the establishment of the nearbyOTC Satellite Earth Station Carnarvon in 1966.[1]
After Project Apollo finished, the Tracking Station was used to support theSkylab project. When that project finished, the station ceased routine operations immediately after anAtmosphere Explorer-C satellite pass on 4 October 1974, but sufficient capability was retained for one final mission − the trans-solar insertion ofHelios-A on 10 December 1974. The final closure of the gates, and the exodus of the last five staff members, took place on 18 April 1975.
The main building was then used byRadio Australia, which was looking for a home afterCyclone Tracy put its Darwin installation out of commission in December 1974. It closed this facility in June 1996. All tracking station equipment was removed and/or buried, and all buildings, with the exception of one small one now used byTelstra, were razed. Only the foundations of what is a historical site remain.[2][better source needed]
Solar scientific research, originally carried out at the Carnarvon Tracking Station, is now carried out on the adjacent OTC Satellite Earth Station site, which hosts a node of theBirmingham Solar Oscillations Network.
The station received an Engineering Heritage International Marker fromEngineers Australia as part of itsEngineering Heritage Recognition Program.[3]