TheCançoner Gil (Catalan:[kənsuˈneˈʒil],Occitan:[kansuˈneˈdʒil]) is anOccitanchansonnier produced inCatalonia in the middle of the 14th century. In the systematic nomenclature of Occitanists, it is typically namedMSSg, but asZ in the reassignment of letter names by François Zufferey. It is numbered MS 146 in theBiblioteca de Catalunya in Barcelona, where it now resides.
The name of the chansonnier is not medieval. It is so-called after its last possessor before it was donated to the Biblioteca, Pablo Gil y Gil, Dean of the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters of theUniversity of Zaragoza (c. 1910), owner of a valuable collection of ancient manuscripts.[1] It was donated at the request of a group of ten of the library's patrons:Isidre Bonsoms, Pere Grau Maristany, Eduard Sevilla, the Marquès de Maury, Josep Mansana, Jacinte Serra, Manuel Girona, Hug Herberg, Teresa Ametller, andArcher Milton Huntington. Part of the motive for donating the chansonnier was to have it rebound. It was given new red leather binding decorated with thearms of the provincial government (diputació) and theCross of Saint James. Ramon Miquel i Planes, with the advice of Ernest Molinés i Brasés of the Escola de les Arts del Llibre, and the technical skill of J. Figuerola, restored the chansonnier with the new binding at the behest of the provincial government.
The chansonnier is well preserved, made of high-qualityparchment with clear, well-formed letters. The first third of it is decorated with initials and marginalia, but the latter folios are unfinished; the spaces left for ornamentation are unfilled. Also, no space is left for musical notation, and since some of the poems are known to have melodies, the chansonnier must have been produced to be read, not used (for musical performance).
The chansonnier contains 285 poems. In the first section it contains almost all the lyric compositions ofCerverí de Girona, a late thirteenth-century Catalan troubadour and one of the most prolific. The second section contains the work of several twelfth-centurytroubadours from the classical era of their lyric art, namelyRaimbaut de Vaqueiras,Bertran de Born,Guiraut de Bornelh,Arnaut Daniel,Guilhem de Saint Leidier,Bernart de Ventadorn,Pons de Capduelh,Jaufre Rudel, andGuilhem de Berguedan. The final segment of the manuscript, completely without decoration, is devoted to the troubadours (many probably contemporary) of the "school ofToulouse", associated with the laterConsistori del Gay Saber. These includeJoan de Castellnou,Raimon de Cornet, andGaston III of Foix-Béarn. Included towards the end of the manuscript is oneOld French work: an excerpt of theRoman de Troie byBenoît de Sainte-Maure.
The Gil is the only source for a number of Cerverí de Girona's poems. It offers a large number of variants of the well-known classical poems, perhaps because it is based on oral traditions and not on other texts. It is for this that it was letteredSg andZ, towards the end of the alphabet and among the (traditionally) less reliable chansonniers, though this system of classification is no longer considered a good guide to accuracy or reliability.