Kalpi Kalpriya | |
|---|---|
 South facing view of Chaurasi Gumbad | |
  Kalpi  Kalpi | |
| Coordinates:26°07′N79°44′E / 26.12°N 79.73°E /26.12; 79.73 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Uttar Pradesh |
| District | Jalaun |
| Founded by | Vasu Dev (Jat monarch ofKanauj)[1] |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| • Body | Nagar Palika Parishad |
| • Chairman | Baikunthi Devi |
| Elevation | 112 m (367 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 51,670 |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Hindi |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 285204[2] |
| Vehicle registration | UP 92 |
| Website | up |
Kalpi is a historical city andmunicipal board inJalaun district inUttar Pradesh,India. It is on the right bank of theYamuna.[3]It is situated 78 kilometres south-west ofKanpur from which it is connected by both road and rail.
The ancient name of Kalpi was Kalapriya.[4]
Lithics and fauna from theMiddle Paleolithic of Kalpi have been described, aged at around 45,000 ka. These tools consist of diminutivequartzitechoppers, possiblemanuports,cores, atypical points,scrapers, anddebitage;bone tools include end-scrapers, points, notched tools,burins, and atypical end scrapers in greater abundance than their stone counterparts. They exhibit evidence of charring, suggestingfire usage.[5]
In 1196, it fell toQutb-ud-din Aibak, the viceroy ofMohammed Ghori, and during the subsequent Muslim period it played a significant part in the history of central India. In the early 16th-centuryRajput king ofChittorRana Sanga defeatedIbrahim Lodhi twice and establish his control over some parts ofUttar Pradesh including Kalpi and Chandawar and appointed Manik Chand Chauhan to rule there.[6]Rana Sanga also died in Kalpi in January 1528 poisoned by his own Nobles.[7] The city was then captured by theMughals underBabur. DuringAkbar's reign, Kalpi was a governor's seat and had a mint for copper coinage.[3] The wittyRaja Birbal of Akbar's court is considered to be born near this city. About the middle of the 18th century the city was lost by theMughals and it passed into the hands of theMarathas.[3]
The town was captured by the British in 1803, and after 1806 remained in British possession[3] until India's independence in 1947. Kalpi was a part ofBundelkhand Agency, formed in 1811, and also housed its headquarters from 1818 to 1824. During this period the political agent toGovernor General of India was appointed and headquartered in Kalpi. TheBritish East India Company made it one of their principal stations for providing "commercial investment".[3] In May 1858Hugh Rose (Lord Strathnairn) defeated here a force of Indian rebels led by theRani of Jhansi.[3] The fortified post of Kalpi, the former residence of the rulers ofJalaun State, was dismantled in 1860 by the British and its place was taken by a market known as Whiteganj.[8] Tourist sites include Vyas temple, Lanka Meenar, 84 Gumbaj and many Dargah like Dargah of Meer Syed Mohammad Tirmizi, and Sufi Khanqah colled Khanqahe Muhammadia, Kalpi is also the birthplace of Ved Vyas ji. There is a Kali Haveli and Rang Mahal of Beerbal named Rang Mahal.
Kalpi is located at26°07′N79°44′E / 26.12°N 79.73°E /26.12; 79.73.[9] It has an average elevation of 112 metres (367 feet).The climate in Kalpi is warm and temperate. The rainfall in Kalpi is significant, with precipitation even during the driest month. The temperature averages 25.9 °C. The average annual rainfall is 892 mm.[10]
The old town, which is on theYamuna river has the ruin of a fort, and several temples of interest, while in the neighborhood are many ancient tombs.[3] Away from the river to the south-east is a lofty modern town ornamented with representations of the battles of theRamayana.
TheGaud Sarasawath Brahmin (GSB) community who are followers ofKashi Math Samsathan Varanasi has set up a temple of Shri Bala Veda Vyasa in memory of the great sage Veda Vyasa. In 1998 Sudhindra Thirtha, the swami of Kashi Math Samsthan, envisioned setting this temple right at the birthplace of Veda Vyasa. It is also a tourist attraction.[11][12]
Kalpi is still a centre of local trade (principally in grain,ghee and cotton) with a station on the North Central Railway (India) line fromJhansi toKanpur, which crosses the Yamuna here.[3] In late 1970s and early 1980s, Kalpi was one of the areas in central India affected bydacoits, and was frequented by the much dreadedPhoolan Devi gang. It has been declared an industrial belt by theGovernment of India and handmade paper is produced there.
Railways
Kalpi is a major Railway Station of Kanpur-Jhansi railway section of North Central Railway.
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Roadways
Kalpi lies onNH 27 on Kanpur-Jhansi section of National Highway. It is connected to cities of Kanpur, Jhansi and Orai byUPSRTC Buses at Kalpi bus station.
Airways
The nearest airport is atKanpur nearChakeri (100 kilometres) which has direct flights toDelhi,Mumbai andKolkata but is expected to be connected to major cities of India by 2021.
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