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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name Cadmium(II) sulfate | |
| Other names Sulfuric acid, cadmium salt (1:1), | |
| Identifiers | |
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3D model (JSmol) | |
| ChEBI |
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| ChemSpider |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.030.288 |
| EC Number |
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| 8295 | |
| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
| UN number | 2570 |
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| Properties | |
| CdSO4 CdSO4·H2O (monohydrate) 3CdSO4·8H2O (octahydrate) | |
| Molar mass | 208.47 g/mol (anhydrous) 226.490 g/mol (monohydrate) 769.546 g/mol (octahydrate) |
| Appearance | Whitehygroscopic solid |
| Odor | odorless |
| Density | 4.691 g/cm3 (anhydrous) 3.79 g/cm3 (monohydrate) 3.08 g/cm3 (octahydrate)[1] |
| Melting point | 1,000 °C (1,830 °F; 1,270 K) (anhydrous) 105 °C (monohydrate) 40 °C (octahydrate) |
| Boiling point | (decomposes to basic sulfate and then oxide) |
| anhydrous: 75 g/100 mL (0 °C) 76.4 g/100 mL (25 °C) 58.4 g/100 mL (99 °C) monohydrate: 76.7 g/100 mL (25 °C) octahydrate: very soluble | |
| Solubility | slightly soluble inmethanol,ethyl acetate insoluble inethanol |
| −59.2·10−6 cm3/mol | |
Refractive index (nD) | 1.565 |
| Structure | |
| orthorhombic (anhydrous) monoclinic (hepta & octahydrate) | |
| Thermochemistry | |
Std molar entropy(S⦵298) | 123 J·mol−1·K−1[2] |
Std enthalpy of formation(ΔfH⦵298) | −935 kJ·mol−1[2] |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
   | |
| Danger | |
| H301,H330,H340,H350,H360,H372,H410 | |
| P201,P202,P260,P264,P270,P271,P273,P281,P284,P301+P310,P304+P340,P308+P313,P310,P314,P320,P321,P330,P391,P403+P233,P405,P501 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) | 280 mg/kg (oral, rat) |
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible) | [1910.1027] TWA 0.005 mg/m3 (as Cd)[3] |
REL (Recommended) | Ca[3] |
IDLH (Immediate danger) | Ca [9 mg/m3 (as Cd)][3] |
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | [1] |
| Related compounds | |
Otheranions | Cadmium acetate, Cadmium chloride, Cadmium nitrate |
Othercations | Zinc sulfate, Calcium sulfate, Magnesium sulfate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Cadmium sulfate is the name of a series of relatedinorganic compounds with theformula CdSO4·xH2O. The most common form is the monohydrate CdSO4·H2O, but two other forms are known CdSO4·8⁄3H2O and theanhydrous salt (CdSO4). All salts are colourless and highly soluble in water.
X-ray crystallography shows that CdSO4·H2O is a typical coordination polymer. Each Cd2+ center hasoctahedral coordination geometry, being surrounded by four oxygen centers provided by four sulfate ligands and two oxygen centers from thebridging waterligands.[5]
Cadmium sulfate hydrate can be prepared by the reaction of cadmium metal or its oxide or hydroxide with dilute sulfuric acid:
The anhydrous material can be prepared usingsodium persulfate:[citation needed]
Cadmium sulfates occur as the following rare minerals drobecite (CdSO4·4H2O), voudourisite (monohydrate), and lazaridisite (the 8/3-hydrate).
Cadmium sulfate is used widely for the electroplating of cadmium in electronic circuits. It is also a precursor to cadmium-based pigment such ascadmium sulfide. It is also used forelectrolyte in aWeston standard cell as well as apigment in fluorescent screens.
