| Bureau du Roi | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Material | Bronze,marquetry of a variety of fine woods,Sèvres porcelain[1] |
| Size | 147.3 x 192.5 x 105[1] |
| Created | 1760–1769[1] |
| Present location | Palace of Versailles,Versailles, France |
TheBureau du Roi (French pronunciation:[byʁodyʁwa], 'the King's desk'), also known asLouis XV's roll-top desk (French:Secrétaire à cylindre de Louis XV), is the richly ornamented royalcylinder desk which was constructed at the end ofLouis XV's reign, and is now again in thePalace of Versailles.
TheBureau du Roi was probably started in 1760, when the commission was formally announced. Its first designer wasJean-François Oeben, the master cabinet maker of the royal arsenal. The first step in its construction was the fabrication of an extremely detailed miniature model in wax. The full-scale desk was finished in 1769 by his successor,Jean Henri Riesener, who had married Oeben's widow.
Made for the newCabinet du Roi at the Palace of Versailles, it was transferred to theLouvre Museum inParis after theFrench Revolution, but has been returned to the Palace of Versailles in the 20th century where it stands again in the room where it was standing before the Revolution: theCabinet intérieur du Petit Appartement ('Inner study of the Private Apartments'), the famous study room where kings Louis XV andLouis XVI carried out their daily work, and where King Louis XVI decided to support theAmerican insurgents in 1777. Secret diplomatic papers were kept inside the desk's secret drawers, whose only key the king always carried with him.[2]
The desk is covered with intricatemarquetry of a wide variety of fine woods. In an oval reserve at the center of its "public" side, away from the king himself, is the marquetry head of "Silence", with forefinger to lips, a reminder of the discretion required in the king's business. Gilt-bronze moldings of plaques, statuettes, miniature busts and vases, even integral scrolling gilt-bronze candle stands, further adorn the surfaces of the desk. The original design was to have a miniature bust of Louis XV on top, but it was replaced byMinerva after his death in 1770.
Riesener later executed a simplified second version of theBureau du Roi forPierre Gaspard Marie Grimod d'Orsay, comte d'Orsay; today this may be seen in theWallace Collection inLondon. His copy was the first of a number of replicas that were produced from the 1870s onwards by leading cabinetmakers in Paris, including four examples byFrançois Linke.[3][4]
