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| Broughton | |
|---|---|
 Broughton Place | |
  Broughton Location within theCity of Edinburgh council area Show map of the City of Edinburgh council area | |
| Council area | |
| Country | Scotland |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | Edinburgh |
| Postcode district | EH1 |
| Dialling code | 0131 (558) |
| Police | Scotland |
| Fire | Scottish |
| Ambulance | Scottish |
| UK Parliament | |
| Scottish Parliament | |
| 55°57′28.97″N3°11′18.19″W / 55.9580472°N 3.1883861°W /55.9580472; -3.1883861 | |
Broughton (/ˈbroʊtən/) is an area ofEdinburgh,Scotland. Broughton was an ancient feudal barony that existed outside of Edinburgh before it was later incorporated into the city as urban development took place in the 18th and 19th centuries. The area is mostly residential in nature but includes the former Broughton market. Today there are numerous small businesses as well as several listed church buildings, a gallery and some organisations, including the Edinburgh Museums collection centre and the Scottish Historic Buildings Trust (the Glasite meeting house).[1][2]
The feudal barony of Broughton in the 16th and 17th centuries was in the hands of the Bellenden family, who had made their money in the legal profession.Sir John Bellenden of Broughton, Knt., (d. 1 October 1576) who was present at the Coronation of KingJames VI in 1567, possessed the barony of Broughton, with the additional superiorities of theCanongate andNorth Leith, having therein nearly two thousand vassals, according toSir John Scott of Scotstarvit, writing in 1754.[3] Broughton passed to his son, SirLewis Bellenden, Knt., (d. 27 August 1591)Lord Justice-Clerk and aLord of Session, who is cited as one of theRuthven Raiders[4] and ultimately toWilliam Bellenden, 1st Lord Bellenden of Broughton (d. 6 September 1671).[5]
The area was once known for its witchcraft.[6]
Scattered houses on the farmlands which originally made up Broughton eventually gave way to more general housing in the century prior to the formation of Edinburgh's New Town which adjoined the parish of Broughton. Its modern borders are defined, approximately, as beingLeith Walk in the south east, Broughton Street in the south west, Broughton Road in the north west and McDonald Road in the north east. Moving clockwise from south east, Broughton is bordered byGreenside andCalton, theNew Town,Canonmills, andPilrig.
Broughton's main thoroughfare is Broughton Street. The street has many independent speciality shops. Broughton is today at the centre of Edinburgh's "pink triangle", an area of the city with a number of gay bars and clubs.
Edinburgh's firsttraffic lights were installed in Broughton Street in 1928. The Scottish folk bandSilly Wizard were based for some time in a flat located at 69 Broughton Street.Phil Cunningham, member of Silly Wizard and younger brother of the band's founder,Johnny Cunningham, lived in Broughton.
Edinburgh's biggesthealth food store, Real Foods, has traded on Broughton Street for over forty years. Opening in 1976 within a former drapers shop, the shop sells natural andorganic food, with its goods being completelyvegetarian orvegan.[7]
TheBroughtonSpurtle: Broughton's Free Independent Stirrer is a community newspaper for Broughton and adjacent areas in north-east and central Edinburgh[1]. It has been running since February 1994 and has no political, religious or commercial affiliation. It reports hyperlocally relevant political, planning, environment, transport, licensing, cultural, historic and plain odd stories, and tries to be equally rude to all sides without fear or favour especially during elections. Generally speaking, it does not see eye to eye with the Edinburgh Evening News.
Gayfield House is aCategory A listed building at 18 East London Street, Edinburgh. Father and son builders Charles and William Butler built Gayfield House between 1761 and 1764 as a stylish country villa combining Scots Palladian with Dutch details and a touch of French decor, within walking distance of the crowded Old Town of Edinburgh. In 1765 the Butlers sold it for £2,000 toThomas, Lord Erskine (the eldest son of theEarl of Mar who had led theJacobite rising of 1715) and his wife Lady Charlotte Hope. In 1767, after Lord Erskine's death it was sold to theDavid Leslie, 6th Earl of Leven. An entry in the Scots Magazine in 1766 states: "Marriage. June 10th. At Gayfield, near Edinburgh, theEarl of Hopetoun to Lady Betty Leven."
A late 18th century print shows Gayfield House standing in attractive grounds, surrounded by fields and by orchards, bounded to the South East by Leith Walk. The fortunes of the house gradually declined in the 19th century as Edinburgh expanded. Loss of garden ground and the ever-approaching tenements around made it less attractive as a private house. In 1873, it was sold toWilliam Williams as Edinburgh'sNew Veterinary College.[8] This closed in 1904 and it was then bought by a merchant who stored manure in the downstairs rooms. After World War 1 it was used as a laundry which also manufactured ammonia and bleach. In the 1970s it was used as a garage and for car repairs, a hole was opened in its facade and the basement was used as a garage. By 1990 it had fallen into disrepair, was vandalised and much was stolen including carved wood and gesso chimneypieces. A roofer Trevor Harding bought it in 1991, renovated much of it and sub-divided the interior into basement and upper floors. He sold it in 2013.[9][10][11]
Gayfield Square Police station, which is featured in theInspector Rebus stories written by Edinburgh-based writerIan Rankin, is located on Gayfield Square in the south east of Broughton.[12]
Broughton High School was formerly located in Broughton, but is now located further west inComely Bank.[13] The Scottish poetHugh MacDiarmid undertook part of his formal education at Broughton High. Schools still located in Broughton includeDrummond Community High School, Broughton Primary School and St Marys RC Primary School.
Among the notable church buildings in the Broughton area is the formerCatholic Apostolic Church (1893–1901) on Mansfield Place at the foot of Broughton Street. The building, now called the Mansfield Traquair Centre, was designed in 1893 byRobert Rowand Anderson and is noted for its rich interior decoration withmurals by the IrishArts and Crafts artistPhoebe Anna Traquair.[14] At the top of Broughton Street on the cortner of York Place stands the largeGothic RevivalSt Paul's and St George's Church which was built 1816-1818 byArchibald Elliot and is modelled onKing's College Chapel, Cambridge.[15] Half-way up the hill stood St Mary's Free Church, on the corner of Albany Place. This ornate Gothic building was erected 1859-60 byJohn Thomas Rochead and was demolished in 1985 to make way for a new office block.[16]
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The nearest tram stops arePicardy Place at the top of Broughton Street, andMcDonald Road on Leith Walk.
Residential areas in theEdinburgh (settlement) urban area | ||||
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| South East | ||||
| South West | ||||
| North West | ||||
| East Lothian |
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See also:Areas of Edinburgh | ||||
