These are thebooks of theVulgate (inLatin) along with the names and numbers given them in theDouay–Rheims andKing James versions of the Bible (both in English). They are all translations, and the Vulgate exists in many forms. There are 76 books in theClementine edition of the Latin Vulgate, 46 in theOld Testament, 27 in theNew Testament, and 3 in theApocrypha.
The names and numbers of the books of the LatinVulgate differ in ways that may be confusing to many modernBible readers. In addition, some of the books of the Vulgate have content that has been removed to separate books entirely in many modern Bible translations. This list is an aid to tracking down the content of a Vulgate reference.
ThePsalms of theVulgate follow the numbering assigned to them in theSeptuagint which differs from the numbering found in theKing James Bible, though not in the order nor the content. SeePsalms for more details.[1]
Note that theApocrypha andOld Testament divisions of the Vulgate do not exactly correspond to those sections in the King James Bible. The Vulgate's Apocrypha section is smaller than the King James Bible's, with a correspondingly larger Old Testament. See the article on thebiblical canon for details as to why this is so. The names of those books found in the Apocrypha section of their respective versions are initalics.
A complement to this list can be found atList of books of the King James Version.
Clementine Vulgate | Douay–Rheims | King James Version |
---|---|---|
Apocrypha | ||
Oratio Manassæ regis | Prayer of Manasses | Prayer of Manasses |
3 Esdræ | 3 Esdras | 1 Esdras |
4 Esdræ | 4 Esdras | 2 Esdras |
The list is for theClementine Vulgate. Other editions of the Vulgate vary in the Apocrypha, in the order of the books, and in the names of the books.
The early Vulgate manuscripts essentially had a table of contents identical to those found in modern Vulgate editions.
Adapted from Richard Marsden'sThe Text of the Old Testament in Anglo-Saxon England, page 450.
Jerome | Augustine | Amiatinus | Theodulf | Alcuin | Ælfric | Clementine |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oct | Oct | Oct | Oct | Oct | Oct | Oct |
Kgs | Kgs | Kgs | Kgs | Kgs | Kgs | Kgs |
Is | Chron | Chron | Is | Is | Chron | Chron |
Jer | Job | Pss | Jer + Bar | Jer | Pss | Ezr + N |
Ezek | Tob | Prov | Ezek | Ezek | Prov | Tob |
Min Pr | Est | Wisd | Min Pr | Dan | Eccl | Jdth |
Job | Jdth | Sir | Job | Min Pr | Song | Est |
Pss | Macc | Eccl | Pss | Job | Wisd | Job |
Prov | Ezr + N | Song | Prov | Pss | Sir | Pss |
Eccl | Pss | Is | Eccl | Prov | Is | Prov |
Song | Prov | Jer | Song | Eccl | Jer | Eccl |
Dan | Song | Ezek | Dan | Song | Ezek | Song |
Chron | Eccl | Dan | Chron | Wisd | Dan | Wisd |
Ezr + N | Wisd | Min Pr | Ezr + N | Sir | Min Pr | Sir |
Est | Sir | Job | Est | Chron | Ezr | Is |
Wisd | Min Pr | Tob | Wisd | Ezr + N | Tob | Jer + Bar |
Sir | Is | Est | Sir | Est | Job | Ezek |
Jdth | Jer | Jdth | Tob | Tob | Est | Dan |
Tob | Dan | Ezr + N | Jdth | Jdth | Jdth | Min Pr |
Macc | Ezek | Macc | Macc | Macc | Macc | Macc |
In the Old Testament sequence set out byJerome in thePrologus Galeatus, he identifies the books into four categories: The Law (the five books of Moses), the Prophets (including Joshua, Judges and Kings, as well as the major and minor prophets), the Writings (including both Poetical and Wisdom books as well as narrative books), and finally the five apocryphal books of Wisdom, Ecclesiasticus, Judith, Tobit and Maccabees.[3] Jerome's first three categories correspond to the rabbinic ordering of the Hebrew Bible, except that Jerome includes Ruth with Judges, and Lamentations with Jeremiah. Although theprologus, and hence Jerome's listing, was included in almost all Vulgatepandectmanuscripts, his order was only rarely adopted; the exceptions being the bibles produced byTheodulf and his successors atFleury, and also the 9th centuryCodex Toletanus in Spain.
An alternative listing of the Old Testament books, which circulated universally in the Latin west, was that set out byAugustine (On Christian Doctrine, II, viii, 13). Augustine allocates the Old Testament into five categories: the Law (as in Jerome), the History (including the books of Chronicles), the Narratives (including Tobit, Judith and Maccabees from the apocryphal books), the books of David and Solomon (including the apocryphal books of Wisdom and Ecclesiasticus), and the Prophets (including Daniel with the major prophets). Although Augustine's detailed order of books has not been recorded in any manuscript, most subsequent pandects recognised his categories. Augustine's categories are also found in the decrees of theCouncil of Carthage (418), at which Augustine was present, in the order: Law, History, David and Solomon (including Job), Prophets, Narratives; and this order is also found the 8th centuryCodex Cavensis and other Spanish pandect bibles.
TheCodex Amiatinus sets out the Old Testament in the order: Law, History, David and Solomon, Prophets, Narratives. Alcuin gives the order: Law, History, Prophets, David and Solomon, Narratives; Alcuin removes Job from the Narrative section to a position immediately preceding the Book of Psalms, and also includes Chronicles with the Narratives (in both cases returning to Jerome's order). TheParis bibles followed the sequence: Law, History, Narratives (now including 3 Esdras), David and Solomon, Prophets (now including Baruch with Jeremiah), and Maccabees is the final book. The Paris order, minus 3 Esdras, was eventually to be adopted by theClementine Vulgate.