Boiany Boian | |
|---|---|
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Boiany Boiany (Ukraine) Show map of Ukraine | |
| Coordinates:48°16′N26°8′E / 48.267°N 26.133°E /48.267; 26.133 | |
| Country |  Ukraine |
| Oblast | Chernivtsi Oblast |
| Raion | Chernivtsi Raion |
| Established | 8 April 1528 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Ion Jalbă |
| Elevation | 158 m (518 ft) |
| Population | |
• Total | 4,425 |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Postal code | 60321 |
| Area code | +380 3733 |
Boiany (Ukrainian:Бояни;Romanian:Boian;Yiddish:באיאן) is a village inChernivtsi Raion,Chernivtsi Oblast (province) of westernUkraine. It is located close toSadagura in the historic region ofBukovina. It hosts the administration ofBoiany rural hromada, one of thehromadas of Ukraine.[1] The Boiany rural hromada includes Boiany village, Boianivka village, Hai village andPrypruttia village.[2]
It was the ancestral estate ofIon Neculce, chronicler of the history of thePrincipality of Moldavia in the 18th century.
According to legend, the village was founded by a forester raising oxen (boi inRomanian) in a glade. In the Middle Ages, trade route linking Cernăuți (nowChernivtsi) withIași passed through the village. The village is first officially attested in a document dated 8 April 1528 byPetru Rareș, ruler ofMoldavia.The Boian estate is given as a wedding gift to Ion Neculce's mother, Catrina Cantacuzino, together withCernauca and 21 other villages. Upon Neculce's flight and exile inRussia, the estate was confiscated and given to another nobleman, but in 1720 Neculce was granted permission to return to Moldavia. He then proceeded to sue the new owner and managed to convince the court to return the Boian estate to him.
Until 18 July 2020, Boiany belonged toNovoselytsia Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Chernivtsi Oblast to three. The area of Novoselytsia Raion was split between Chernivtsi andDnistrovskyi Raions, with Boiany being transferred to Chernivtsi Raion.[3][4]
In 2001, 92.16% of the population of 4,425 inhabitants spoke Romanian as their native language, 4,078 people (including 2,810 who declared it as Romanian or 63.50%, and 1,268 as "Moldovan", or 28.66%), with a minority of Ukrainian speakers (6.33%).[5] According to the 1989 Soviet census, the number of inhabitants who declared themselves Romanian plus Moldovan was 3,764 (40 Romanians, or 0.94% plus 3,724 Moldovans, or 87.64%), representing 88.59% of the population of 4,249 inhabitants.[6] A large majority of the population switched their declared census identities from Moldovan and Moldovan-speaking to Romanian and Romanian-speaking between the 1989 and 2001 censuses, and the process has continued ever since.[7]
According to the 2001 Ukrainian census, the majority of the population of the village Hai (which had 351 inhabitants) in the Boyany rural hromada (rural community) was Romanian-speaking (98.29%, or 345 people, including 69.23% who called their language "Moldovan", or 243 people, and 29.06% who call their language Romanian, or 102 people), and there were also Ukrainian speakers (1.71%, or 6 people) and no Russian-speakers.[8] In 1989, out of 295 people in the village, 239 were Moldovans (81.02%), 25 were Romanians (8.47%), 31 were Ukrainians (10.51%) and none were Russians.[9] A significant proportion of the population switched their declared census identities from Moldovan and Moldovan-speaking to Romanian and Romanian-speaking between the 1989 and 2001 censuses, and the process has continued ever since.
In 2001, in the Boyany rural hromada (rural community) created in 2020, with a population of 7,385, 348 of the inhabitants (4.71%) spoke Ukrainian as their native language, while 6,933 (93.88%) spoke Romanian (including 3,997 who called it "Moldovan", or 54.12%, and 2,936 who called it Romanian, or 39.76%), and 77 (1.04%) spoke Russian.[10] The Boyany rural hromada includes Boyany village, Boyanivka village, Hai village andPrypruttya village.[11]
TheHasidicdynasty ofBoyan was founded here in 1887 by RabbiYitzchok Friedman (1850–1917), eldest son of the firstSadigura Rebbe, RabbiAvrohom Yaakov Friedman (1820–1883). Upon the death of his father in 1883, Rabbi Yitzchok and his brother Rabbi Yisrael (1852–1907) assumed joint leadership of their father's Hasidim. Although they were content with this arrangement, many of the Sadigura Hasidim preferred to have one Rebbe, and in 1887, the brothers agreed to draw lots to determine who would stay in Sadigura and who would leave. The lots fell to Rabbi Yisrael to remain as the second SadiguraRebbe, while Rabbi Yitzchok moved to the neighboring town of Boiany (Boyan) and established his court there, becoming the first Boyaner Rebbe.[12] Under his leadership, Boyaner Hasidut flourished. Boyaner communities were established in nearby towns as well as inTiberias,Safed, and Jerusalem, Israel.[13]
At the beginning ofWorld War I, the town of Boyan was completely destroyed and the Rebbe and his family escaped toVienna, where the Rebbe died in 1917. After the war ended, his four sons each moved to a different country to establish their court.[14] Boyaner Hasidut continues today under the leadership of RabbiNachum Dov Brayer, great-grandson of the first Boyaner Rebbe, who lives inJerusalem.
The village has a bust ofIon Neculce and a monument to the victims of Communist oppression.
Due to poor economic conditions, some villagers started immigrating toCanada in the late 1880s; by 1913, at least 983 people had left the village. Many of them settled in the province ofAlberta and founded a village with the same name,Boian.[15]
