Battle of Simancas
Part of theReconquista
Map of the Caliphate of Cordoba circa 1000.
Date 19 July 939 Location Simancas,Kingdom of León Result Leonese victory
Belligerents
Kingdom of León	Caliphate of Córdoba
Commanders and leaders
James the Great (According to the Legend) Ramiro II of León Fernán González of Castile García Sánchez I of Pamplona	Abd-ar-Rahman III

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TheBattle of Simancas (also calledAlhandega oral-Khandaq) was a military battle that started on 19 July 939 in theIberian Peninsula between the troops of theKing of LeónRamiro II and Cordovan caliphAbd al-Rahman III near the walls of the city ofSimancas.

The battle unfolded after the army ofAbd al-Rahman III launched toward the northern Christian territories in 934. Abd al-Rahman III had gathered a large army ofcaliphal fighters, with the help of theAndalusian governor ofZaragoza, Muhammad ibn Yahyaal-Tujibi. The Leonese king Ramiro II led the counterattack with an army constituted of his own troops, those ofCastile under CountFernán González, and the Navarrese underGarcía Sánchez I.

Arab witnesses chronicle a spectacular eclipse of the sun that took place on the first day of the battle:

As the army arrived near Simancas, there was an awful eclipse of the sun that covered the earth of a dark yellow amid the day and it filled us and the infidels with terror as neither had seen in their life such a thing as this. Two days passed without either side making any movement.^[1]

The battle lasted some days, with the allied Christian troops emerging victorious and routing the Cordovan forces. Furtun ibn Muhammad al-Tawil, wali of Huesca, withheld his troops from the battle. He was hunted down nearCalatayud by Salama ibn Ahmad ibn Salama, taken to Córdoba, and crucified in front ofitsAl-Qasr.^[2]

41°36′00″N4°49′01″W / 41.600°N 4.817°W /41.600; -4.817

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