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| Battle of Mišar | |||||||
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| Part of theFirst Serbian uprising | |||||||
 The Battle of Mišar by Afanasij Scheloumoff | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 7,000 infantry, 2,000 cavalry | 40,000 | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| Around 500[1] | Over 6,000 killed[1] | ||||||
TheBattle of Mišar (Serbian:бој на Мишару) was fought betweenSerbian revolutionaries and an Ottoman army, it took place from 13 to 15 August 1806 during theFirst Serbian Uprising.
After repulsing an Ottoman force atIvanovac, the year before, the Serbian insurgents underKarađorđe took strong position, entrenched insconces on the field of Mišar Hill, nearŠabac west ofBelgrade. For two consecutive days they faced costly assault by anOttoman Army and itsBosnian allies. On the third day, the Serbian cavalry attacked and defeated the Ottomans, the insurgents then conquered the citadels of Šabac and Belgrade.[2]
The Ottoman army made its way towards occupied Belgrade.Karađorđe came to Mišar, and made his plans with the rest of the Serbian commanders. Karađorđe calculated the strategic position and decided that thesconce should be on top of Mišar Hill, on the field on the hill, between the riverSava, the wood and the villages Zabar,Jelenča andMišar. The sconce was placed in a north-south direction with cannons placed at two of its corners. The fortress was made from earth in shape of a square with the northern side a little curved from the middle up to the gun position. It had apalisade as protection, and it had trenches around it. It had four cannons — one in aredan — and a place to put powder and ammunition.[3] For four days, from Saturday to Thursday, there were smaller clashes with Ottoman scouts; the main engagement happened on Wednesday morning.[when?][which calendar?]
The fighting began on Mišar Hill, with an opening charge of the Ottomansipahi cavalry followed by a charge of theirinfantry units led by theBosnian captainMehmed-beg Kulenović ofZvornik. The Serbian rebels made a sconce in the form of a square, which measured 300 x 280 m. The rebel leader Karađorđe remained in the fortifications to keep the morale of the men. The fortification had trenches around it. The plan consisted of Karađorđe and the infantry remaining in the fortification, while the Serbian cavalry led by Luka Lazarević and Miloš Obrenović would wait for the moment to attack. The Serbian rebel cavalry, intended as a reserve, were situated close to the ditch near the village of Žabar. The Serbian sharpshooters were divided into two lines on the sconce parapet, and beside them were two lines of men who loaded the muskets in the trench beside the parapet.
The Serbian shooters and gunners mowed down the first line of cavalry and panic struck the Ottoman lines when the horsemen retreated into the infantry led by Kulenović. However, the Ottomans soon regrouped and engaged the Serbian infantry. At one point Serbian soldiers panicked and retreated to the sconce fortress, but Karađorđe took his sabre and ordered them to get back to their posts. Then he signaled for the charge of the Serbian cavalry from the opposite ends with two simultaneous cannon shots. Kulenović and the remaining Ottoman troops continued asymmetric efforts against the advancements of the Serbian rebels. Then Luka Lazarević charged with the cavalry, broke the Ottoman line, and the cavalry divided into two parts. One part charged boldly on Ottoman artillery. The first rank was killed, but the rest killed all the artillerymen, and arrived at the Ottoman headquarters, where chief-in-commandSulejman Pasha Skopljak was celebrating too soon. The fights at Mišar lasted several days with mutual losses, but the battle itself ended with the collapse of the Ottoman center and the exposure of the right and left columns. Kulenović and his Bosnian troops were killed on the battlefield. Some Serbian sources say that Kulenović was slain in a duel with Luka Lazarević, in which Luka was wounded. Other sources say that Kulenović was killed by riflemen who ambushed him after the duel. The remaining Ottoman Bosnian army fled in panic from the battlefield. Some crossed Drina, some were killed, and some crossed Sava.
During the battle, numerous Bosnian leaders, includingbeys andaghas, fell to the Serbian forces. The victory bolstered the morale of the lower class Christian population, within the Ottoman’sEyelet of Bosnia, stoking their sense of identity and resistance.[4]
A monument was erected in the village of Mišar commemorating the victory.Mehmed-beg Kulenović is the central figure inFilip Višnjić's epic poemBoj na Mišaru ("Battle of Mišar"), in which Mehmed-beg's wife waits for news to be brought to her from the battlefield by tworavens.
From 13 to 15 August 1806, a battle was fought between the Serbian insurgent army, led byKarađorđe, and the Turkish army, on the Mišar hill nearŠabac. The victory was immortalized by SerbianguslarFilip Višnjić, with the epic poemBoj na Mišaru, and the Russian painterAfanasy Ivanovich Sheloumov, with a monumental composition of oil on canvas with the same name. The battle itself is indescribable in a few lines. From topography to strategy and number of celebrities. It is interesting that Serbian soldiers were recognized by their long hair tied in braids, while the Turks shaved their heads.Šafarik, PopLuka Lazarević, ProtaMateja Nenadović,Lazar Mutap,Miloš Stojčević Pocerac,Cincar Janko Popović... are some of the names of this epic battle that Serbia won. The Turks tried to escape toBosnia, but they were met there byStojan Čupić andMiloš Pocerac, andCincar Janko Popović andLazar Mutap who chased them across theSava where few of the enemy survived.
