Bani Zeid al-Sharqiya | |
|---|---|
| Arabic transcription(s) | |
| • Arabic | بني زيد الشرقية |
| • Latin | Bani Zeid East (official) Bani Zayd ash-Sharqiyya (unofficial) |
 Arura, in the distance | |
  Bani Zeid al-Sharqiya Location of Bani Zeid al-Sharqiya withinPalestine | |
| Coordinates:32°02′N35°10′E / 32.033°N 35.167°E /32.033; 35.167 | |
| Palestine grid | 165/161, 166/161 |
| State | State of Palestine |
| Governorate | Ramallah and al-Bireh |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| • Head of Municipality | Abd al-Rahman al-Nubani |
| Population (2007) | |
• Total | 5,083 |
| Name meaning | "Eastern Bani Zeid" |
Bani Zeid al-Sharqiya (Arabic:بني زيد الشرقية) is aPalestinian town in the northernWest Bank, located north ofRamallah in theRamallah and al-Bireh Governorate. It was formed as a result of a merger of the villages of 'Arura,[1] Mazari al-Nubani, andAbwein, although the latter separated from the municipality. Bani Zeid al-Sharqiya is 3 kilometers (1.9 mi) north ofAjjul and other nearby localities includeDeir as-Sudan to the southeast,Kafr Ein to the east, and Abwein to the southwest.[2]
Both Arura and Mazari al-Nubani were part of theBani Zeid subdistrict in the Sanjak of Jerusalem. The two villages produced 99qintars of olive oil, which was the chief agricultural product.[3] Adult males were taxed 649akçe.[when?][4]
'Arura (Arabic:عاروره,‘Arūrā)32°02′30″N35°10′18″E / 32.04167°N 35.17167°E /32.04167; 35.17167 (Palestine grid 166/160) is situated 500 meters (1,600 ft) above sea level.[5]
Potterysherds from theIA I, IA II,Persian,Hellenistic,Roman,Byzantine andCrusader/Ayyubid eras have been found here.[6]
Shrines dedicated to Sheikh Radwan, Sheikh Ahmad, and al-Khidr are located in the area. Al-Khidr's shrine, in the center of the village, has no relation toal-Khidr, and commemorates a holy man with the same name. Sheikh Ahmad's shrine is to the west of 'Arura.[7]
The Shrine of Sheikh Radwan bin 'Ulayl al-Arsufi, built during theAyyubid rule of interiorPalestine, is located southwest of the village on a hill roughly 600 meters (2,000 ft) above sea level. Not much is known about Radwan, except that he was a revered figure who died inEgypt and was transferred to 'Arura for burial. An Arabic inscription written in typical ruralAyyubid style, reads that he was transferred to "blessed Syria." Amosque was constructed adjacent to the shrine.[7]
Pottery sherds from theMamluk era have also been found here.[6]
In 1596 'Arura appeared in theOttomantax registers as being in theNahiya of Quds of theLiwa ofQuds. It had a population of 62 households, allMuslim, who paid a fixed tax rate of 33,3% on agricultural products, including on wheat, barley, olive trees, vineyards and fruit trees, goats and/or beehives; a total of 12,000akçe. 1/6 of the revenue went to aWaqf.[8][9]
In 1838 'Arurah was noted as a Muslim village, part of theBeni Zeid area, located north of Jerusalem.[10]
Victor Guérin visited the village in the late 19th century and found 350-400 inhabitants. He also observed fragments ofcolumns and other indications of an ancient town. There were also threshing-floors which appeared ancient.[11]
Socin found an official Ottoman village list from 1870 attesting to 91 houses and a population of 300, although only men were counted.[12][13]
In 1882, thePEF'sSurvey of Western Palestine describedArara as being a small village on high ground remarkable for having five sacred places on the west side of the village.[14]
In 1896, Arura was estimated to have a combined population of 540.[15]
In the1922 census of Palestine conducted by theBritish Mandate authorities, 'Arura had a population of 426 Muslims,[16] increasing in the1931 census to 566 Muslim, in 131 houses.[17]
The1945 statistics found 660 Muslim inhabitants,[18] with a total land area of 10,978dunams.[19] Of this, 7,095 were used for plantations and irrigable land, 787 for cereals,[20] while 26 dunams were classified as built-up areas.[21]
In the wake of the1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the1949 Armistice Agreements, 'Arura came underJordanian rule.
In 1961, the population of 'Arura was 1,337.[22]
Since theSix-Day War in 1967, 'Arura has been underIsraeli occupation.
There was a sharp decrease in the population from 1961 to 1982, with nearly half the inhabitants fleeing in 1967.[5] In 1997, 'Arura had a population of 2,087, of whom 30 (1.4%) werePalestinian refugees.[23] The gender make-up was 1,069 males and 1,018 females.[23] According to thePalestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, it had a population of approximately 2,967 in mid-year 2006.[24]
Mazari al-Nubani (Arabic:مزارع النوباني)32°02′58″N35°09′57″E / 32.04944°N 35.16583°E /32.04944; 35.16583, (Palestine grid 165/161) is situated along the same height as 'Arura.
Mazari al-Nubani was identified byRöhricht,Prawer andBenvenisti) as aCrusader village calledMezera, butFinkelstein et al. disputes this.[25]
In 1596 Mazra'at al-'Abbas appeared in theOttomantax registers as being in theNahiya of Quds of theLiwa ofQuds. It had a population of 60 households and 21 bachelors, all Muslim. Taxes were paid on wheat, barley, olive trees, vineyards and fruit trees, goats and/or beehives; a total of 6,910akçe. 1/3 of the revenue went to aWaqf.[26][27]
In 1838el-Mezari'a was noted as a Muslim village, part of theBeni Zeid area, located north of Jerusalem.[10]
When Guérin passed by the village in 1870, he estimated it had a population of about 600.[28] An Ottoman village list from the same year showedMazari with a population of 560, in 163 houses, though the population count included men only. It was also noted it was located east ofQarawat Bani Zeid.[29][30]
In 1882, thePEF'sSurvey of Western Palestine described the village, then calledMezrah,[31] as being of moderate size, on high ground.[32]
In 1896 the population ofMezra‘a was estimated to be about 1,008 persons.[15]
In the1922 census of Palestine conducted by theBritish Mandate authorities, Mazarie' al-Nubani had a population of 611 Muslims,[33] increasing in the1931 census to 864 Muslims, in 193 houses.[34]
The1945 statistics found 1,090 Muslim inhabitants[18] with a total of 9,631 dunam of land.[35] Of this, 7,399 were used for plantations and irrigable land, 445 for cereals,[36] while 59 dunams were classified as built-up areas.[37]
In the wake of the1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the1949 Armistice Agreements, Mazari Nubani came underJordanian rule.
In 1961, the population of Mazari al-Nubani was 1,358.[22]
Since theSix-Day War in 1967, Mazari al-Nuban has been underIsraeli occupation.
According to thePalestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the town had a population of approximately 2,510 inhabitants in mid-year 2006.[24]
Themunicipality was formed after a merger of 'Arura, Mazari al-Nubani, and Abwein prior to thePalestinian municipal elections in 2005. During the elections, Fatima Taher Sihweil from Abwein won and the municipality fell apart with only 'Arura and Mazari al-Nubani remaining.[citation needed]
The municipality separated in 2020.
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