Baie-Johan-Beetz | |
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![Piashti River, Route 138, steel girder bridge 15881,[1] Chateau Johan Beetz,[2] Piashti Bay[3]](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=https%3a%2f%2fwikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aBaie-Johan-Beetz_(drone_shot).jpg) | |
  Baie-Johan-Beetz Location in Côte-Nord region of Quebec | |
| Coordinates:50°17′N62°48′W / 50.283°N 62.800°W /50.283; -62.800[4] | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Quebec |
| Region | Côte-Nord |
| RCM | Minganie |
| Constituted | 1 January 1966 |
| Named after | Johan Beetz |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Martin Côté |
| • Federal riding | Manicouagan |
| • Prov. riding | Duplessis |
| Area | |
• Total | 532.06 km2 (205.43 sq mi) |
| • Land | 327.46 km2 (126.43 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 10 m (30 ft) |
| Population (2021)[6] | |
• Total | 84 |
| • Density | 0.3/km2 (0.8/sq mi) |
| • Pop (2016-21) |  2.3% |
| • Dwellings | 58 |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Within theAST legislated time zone boundary but observesEST[7]) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| Postal code(s) | |
| Area codes | 418 and 581 |
| Highways |  R-138 |
| Website | www |
Baie-Johan-Beetz is amunicipality located near the mouth of thePiashti River on the north shore of theGulf of St. Lawrence, in theCôte-Nord region,Minganie RCM,Quebec,Canada.[4]
In 1854, Joseph Tanguay, originally fromBerthier, settled at theLittle Watshishou River. Tanguay and his sons fished mostly for salmon on thePiashti,Corneille, Petite Watshishou,Watshishou andQuetachou rivers.[8]
In 1862 Tanguay moved to Baie Piashti. Other early settlers came from theMagdalen Islands. The place was originally identified as "Piastre Bay", from the Innu expressionpiashite-pets, meaning "there where the water passes over/on top", or possibly originating from the wordpiashtibé, meaning "dry bay" or "where the water rises", which is a reference to the local bay that during low tide runs dry.[4]
In 1897,Johan Beetz (1874-1949), aBelgium aristocrat, with training in natural sciences and medicine, immigrate there, and on 27 September 1898, married Adéla Tanguay (1884-1954), daughter of Sébastien Tanguay, fisherman, and Marie-Louise (Henriette) Arseneault,[9] 11 children were born of this union.[8]Beetz built aSecond Empire-inspired rural residence that residents today callle château ("the castle"). He hunted, fished, and trapped with the local villagers and raised foxes for their fur.[10] He was anaturalis andornithologist, and made numerous studies and hand drawings. He also invented a mummification process for preserving animal bodies. The many activities of Johan Beetz brought considerable impetus to the socio-economic development of the locality and that of theNorth Shore.[11]
The family lived in Piastre Baie until 1922, when they moved toVille Saint-Laurent.
The bay's name was spelled in a variety of ways, including Piashti Bay, Pillage Bay, Baie-de-Pillage, Piastibe, Piashte Bay, and Piestebé. Perhaps for this reason, its residents expressed a desire to change the village's name to Baie-Johan-Beetz in 1910.
The Piastre Baie was renamed in 1914, but the name was not officially adopted until 1965, when the place was incorporated.[4][2]
Located approximately 40 kilometers west ofNatashquan, this 10,673 hectare refuge extends over a little more than 23 kilometers along the coast of theGulf of St. Lawrence, in the municipality of Baie-Johan-Beetz, and partly inAguanish and theMingan Archipelago National Park reserve.
TheWastishou Migratory Bird Sanctuary[12] includes Pontbriand,[13] Jalobert[14] andPashashibou bays, all islands, islets and emerging rocks in the area, as well as the offshore waters over a distance of several kilometers from the coast. In fact, the waters cover almost 90% of the refuge's surface area. Vegetation is limited to a few species ofmoss andlichens, because the terrestrial part of the refuge is mainly made up ofrocky outcrops.[15][16]
The common eider is the most abundant, the double-crested cormorant is the second most commonly found species, the third most numerous species within this sanctuary is the herring gull.
Bird species present in smaller numbers also benefit from this sanctuary:
![River,[13][12] rocky outcrop of the Canadian Shield](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=https%3a%2f%2fwikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aBaie_Johan_Beetz_012.jpg)
![Pontbriand Bay[17] in Gulf of St. Lawrence](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=https%3a%2f%2fwikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aBaie_Johan_Beetz_021.jpg)
| 2021 | 2016 | 2011 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 84 (-2.3% from 2016) | 86 (+6.2% from 2011) | 81 (-14.7% from 2006) |
| Land area | 327.46 km2 (126.43 sq mi) | 360.47 km2 (139.18 sq mi) | 360.28 km2 (139.10 sq mi) |
| Population density | 0.3/km2 (0.78/sq mi) | 0.2/km2 (0.52/sq mi) | 0.2/km2 (0.52/sq mi) |
| Median age | 60.0 (M: 60.0, F: 61.2) | 54.3 (M: 53.8, F: 55.5) | 53.8 (M: 49.5, F: 55.0) |
| Private dwellings | 58 (total) 44 (occupied) | 54 (total) 43 (occupied) | 46 (total) |
| Median household income | $.N/A | $.n/a | $.N/A |
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| Source: Statistics Canada[21] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Canada Census Mother Tongue – Baie-Johan-Beetz, Quebec[21] | ||||||||||||||||||
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| Census | Total | French | English | French & English | Other | |||||||||||||
| Year | Responses | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | |||||
2011 | 80 | 80 | 11.1% | 100.00% | 0 |  0.0% | 0.00% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.00% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.00% | |||||
2006 | 90 | 90 |  5.6% | 100.00% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.00% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.00% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.00% | |||||
2001 | 85 | 85 | 5.9% | 100.00% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.00% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.00% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.00% | |||||
1996 | 80 | 80 | n/a | 100.00% | 0 | n/a | 0.00% | 0 | n/a | 0.00% | 0 | n/a | 0.00% | |||||
| Climate data for Baie-Johan-Beetz | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 8.9 (48.0) | 6.5 (43.7) | 11 (52) | 16.5 (61.7) | 32 (90) | 29 (84) | 28.5 (83.3) | 29 (84) | 28.3 (82.9) | 20.6 (69.1) | 13.3 (55.9) | 8.3 (46.9) | 32 (90) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −8.3 (17.1) | −7.2 (19.0) | −1.5 (29.3) | 4 (39) | 10.3 (50.5) | 15.7 (60.3) | 19.3 (66.7) | 18.8 (65.8) | 14 (57) | 7.8 (46.0) | 1.7 (35.1) | −5.1 (22.8) | 5.8 (42.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −13.7 (7.3) | −12.8 (9.0) | −6.6 (20.1) | 0.2 (32.4) | 6 (43) | 11.2 (52.2) | 14.9 (58.8) | 14.2 (57.6) | 9.7 (49.5) | 4.2 (39.6) | −1.9 (28.6) | −9.7 (14.5) | −1.3 (29.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −19.1 (−2.4) | −18.4 (−1.1) | −11.7 (10.9) | −3.7 (25.3) | 1.6 (34.9) | 6.6 (43.9) | 10.4 (50.7) | 9.7 (49.5) | 5.3 (41.5) | 0.6 (33.1) | −5.4 (22.3) | −14.2 (6.4) | −3.2 (26.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −37.8 (−36.0) | −38 (−36) | −35 (−31) | −23.5 (−10.3) | −11.1 (12.0) | −2.5 (27.5) | 2.8 (37.0) | −0.6 (30.9) | −5.6 (21.9) | −12.2 (10.0) | −21.5 (−6.7) | −33.9 (−29.0) | −38 (−36) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 72.4 (2.85) | 40.4 (1.59) | 60.5 (2.38) | 56.8 (2.24) | 90.8 (3.57) | 99.4 (3.91) | 101.4 (3.99) | 95.3 (3.75) | 103.9 (4.09) | 105.7 (4.16) | 89.7 (3.53) | 73.3 (2.89) | 989.6 (38.96) |
| Source:Environment Canada[22] | |||||||||||||
TheJohan-Beetz House, aSecond Empire-inspired rural residence built in 1899, dominates the landscape of a rocky promontory jutting into theGulf of St. Lawrence, at the mouth of thePiashti River. Listed in theQuebec Cultural Heritage directory, this property is classified as a heritage building. The protection applies to the exterior and interior of the building, and not to the land.[2]
Wooden sidewalks, in 1987, a study byMinistry of Transport Quebec mentioned:
…there are more than 600 m of continuous woodensidewalks along the existing road in Baie-Johan-Beetz. The dismantling of the wooden sidewalks would constitute a loss for local heritage.[23]
In 2020, a municipal regulation recommends rebuilding these picturesque elements that are an integral part of the landscape.
… Not so long ago, the entire village of Baie-Johan-Beetz was crisscrossed by a network of wooden sidewalks. Much of this network has disappeared over time but a few remain. It is important to restore and highlight these wooden sidewalks.[24]
![Johan Beetz House (Le Chateau),[2] Piashti River, rock of Canadian Shield](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=https%3a%2f%2fwikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aBaie_Johan_Beetz_006.jpg)
For the best part of the 20th century, depending on the ice conditions, the Clarke Steamship Co. Ltd. ships,[25][26] departing fromMontreal andQuebec, regularly stopped at Johan Beetz. From the locality to reach the interior of the region, twocanoe routes are available to travelers. One follows thePiashti River to Lake Bellanger,[27] and gives access to the western part. The second road follows theWatshishou River to a point two and a half miles north of Véronique Lake.[28] Both rivers contain numerousrapids and falls, and there are elevenportages between theGulf and Bellanger Lake and 21 portages before reaching Prudent Lake. Several large lakes, particularly in the northern half of the region, are suitable forseaplane landings.[29]
In 1996, Quebec Route 138 (The Whale Route) was extended toHavre-Saint-Pierre, thus connecting the village of Baie-Johan-Beetz to the Quebecroad network.[30][4]
The city is served by theBaie-Johan-Beetz Seaplane Base (SPB) (IATA:YBJ).
Côte-Nord Territorial Directorate - Baie-Johan-Beetz - Municipality - Road 138 - Piashti River Obstacle
Other name, Château Johan-Beetz
Johan-Beetz Bay is contiguous to Piashti Bay and is only separated from it by a point called Loizeau.
In 1996, the extension of Route 138 made it possible to connect this municipality to that of Havre-Saint-Pierre, and in doing so, to break its isolation.
Canada, Time Zones and Daylight Saving Time usually have been regulated by provincial and territorial governments
Beetz studied at the Catholic University of Louvain, where he received training in natural sciences, chemistry and human and veterinary medicine.
His knowledge of medicine makes Beetz the village doctor. He offered free care and advice to residents and it was probably thanks to his prophylactic recommendations that Piastre Baie was spared the Spanish flu.
Beetz created a fox park considerable value valued at $300,000 in 1913
Director of the provincial vulpiculture service, he received the title of Doctor of Veterinary Medicine in 1936 Agricultural Science of the University of Montreal. He was also a co-founder of the Society Zoologique de Québec.
The IBA Program is an international conservation initiative coordinated by Bird Life International
It receives the waters of Lake Caron and flows into Pontbriand Bay, hence its name.
Its name recalls the memory of Macé Jalobert, brother-in-law of Jacques Cartier, who accompanied the latter during his voyage of 1535-1536, as pilot and captain of the Petite Hermine.
Double-crested cormorant, great black-backed gull, ring-billed gull, common tern, arctic tern, black guillemot, common loon, American black duck, red-breasted merganser, white-winged scoter, surf scoter, black scoter, semipalmated sandpiper and ruddy turnstone
The Watshishou Migratory Bird Sanctuary, located in Minganie, on the north shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, was established in 1925 to protect seabird colonies in this important nesting area.
Recalls the memory of Claude de Pontbriand, son of the lord of Montcevelles and cupbearer of the Dauphin, member of Jacques Cartier's crew during his second voyage to Canada, in 1535
The sidewalks demonstrate a special adaptation of residents living in the austere environment of their part of the country
Representing a characteristic specific to small communities on the North Shore, it is important to restore and highlight these wooden sidewalks.
The North Shore service now sailed from Quebec every Tuesday at 9 am, serving no fewer than thirty locales, consisting of pulpwood ports, native villages, trading posts and fishing settlements,
The Clarke Steamship Company, whose ships plied the Gulf of St Lawrence for the best part of the 20th century
The Innu know this lake under the name Pepaukamau, "lake with several straits
This lake, approximately 7 km long, is located approximately 70 km east of Havre-Saint-Pierre.
Village on the north shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, located 440 miles downstream from the city of Quebec
Preliminary studies for the realization of the project construction of route 138 between Johan-Beetz Bay and the Pashashibou River, electoral district of Duplessis.
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