Historical Region of Rajasthan, India Bagar/बागड़
Location	Northwestern India 29°58′N74°32′E / 29.967°N 74.533°E /29.967; 74.533
Language	Bagri
Dynasties	Yaudheya Established 5th century BCE Disestablished 3rd-4th century CE Bhati Established 255 AD Disestablished 1527 AD atBhatner Rathore Established – 1488(15th century) in Lower Bagar region Established – 1527 AD inBhatner Disestablished –1949(20th century)
Historicalcapitals	Bikaner, Shaikhsar,Hanumangarh

Bagar, alsoBagad (बागड़) a term meaning the "dry country",^[1] is a region refers in north-westernIndia in northRajasthan, WestHaryana, south westPunjab, India where theBagri language is spoken and which is inhabited byBagri people. The region is characterised by sandy tracks and shifting sand dunes which are now irrigated by canals.^[2]

Bagar means theprairie (grazing shrubs and grassland) of northernRajputana,^[3] which likely comes fromeponymous Arabic word "bagar" meaning "cow" (sacred to Hindus),^[4] derived from the Arabic word "cattle".^[5][6]Baggara in Arabic means "cattle herders".^[5][7] Bagar tract refers to thesemi-arid semi-fertilerain-fed sandyshrubby grassland tract at the confluence ofaridThar Desert and fertilebangar and khadir areas ofIndo-Gangetic Plain, which as historically inhabited by the cattle herders who remained semi-nomadic until they began to adapt to settled life in themid to late Medieval Period. Before the adoption of the Arabic name bagar, the area was earlier known asJangladesh during theVedic era ofMahabharata and even in early medieval times at least until the end of Hindu reign ofPrithviraj Chauhan.

Bagar (Hindi: बागड़) region is characterised by Bagar tracts which are long strips of shifting sand dunes calledtibba (टिब्बा) andrelatively semi-fertile lands and the area between them is calledlal (लाळ) in northern districts ofRajasthan and along the northwestern districts ofHaryana.^[8]

The Bagar region has potentially very fertilealluvial soil interspersed with highlypermeable very sandy tracts in several places withwater table more than 100 feet below ground containingbrackish water usually unfit for human consumption, wheredust storms frequent during the warm summer months from April till the end of July whenmonsoon arrives.

Previously, the drinking water availability in the Bagar tract was solely based on the rain & wells and irrigation was possible only in the small areas of Ghaggar basin of Bagar region in districts of Fatehabad, Sirsa, Hanumangarh, Sri Ganganagar and Anupgarh where the seasonalGhaggar river flows.

EarlierWestern Yamuna Canal and after 1963Bhakra Nangal Dam canal system provides the water for irrigation in most of Haryana including all of the Bagar region falling in Haryana on its western border.

TheGanga canal in 1927 and in 1984Indira Gandhi Canal irrigation also known as Rajasthan Canal brought the water ofSutlej andBeas rivers to the fields of Rajasthan including its Bagar tract, stabilizing the sand dunes and soil erosion by preventing the expansion of desert.^[9][8]

Geographically, the Bagar region lies between the:

• Malwa, Punjab to the north,
• TheShekhawati region and theMarwar region of Rajasthan to the south.
• The Aravali Range to the southeast in theCharkhi Dadri district &Tosham tehsil ofBhiwani district,
• Ahirwal region of Haryana also in the southeast.
• The eastern border in bounded to the Haryanavi speaking region of haryana.
• In the west of Bagar region lies theRohi(रोई)/Cholistan desert ofPunjab (Pakistan) with a few Bagri speakers in theBahawalpur district &Bahawalnagar district.

Bagri (बागड़ी), adialect of overlappingRajasthani language,Haryanvi language andPunjabi language of theIndo-Aryan family, is spoken by about five million speakers residing in Bagar region ofRajasthan,Haryana andPunjab states in India.^[10][11]

There are 40 Constituencies of Haryana, Punjab and Rajasthan legislative assemblies where theBagri language is spoken by majority of the population.

• In Punjab, there 4 constituencies of Fazilka and Sri Muktsar Sahib in South Punjab where Bagri speakers decide the fate of elections. Out of 4 constituencies only 1 constituency is reserved forSC candidate.
• In Haryana, there are 15 constituencies in north west haryana which comes under the Bagar region out of which 2 constituencies are reserved forSC candidates.
• In Rajasthan, there are 21 constituencies ofRajasthan Legislative Assembly which comes under theBagar region in North Rajasthan. Meanwhile, 4 constituencies out of 21 constituencies are reserved forSC candidates.

Following is the list of the constituencies and the candidates from Bhartiya Janata Party,^[14] Congress party^[15] and the Independent candidates^[16] appeared in2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election^[17] from theBagri speaking region of Rajasthan.

Bagar Region (बागड़)
Year	Seats	Indian National Congress		Bharatiya Janata Party		Others
2023	21	10	1	9	0	2
2018	21	9	8	9	7	3
2013	21	1	10	16	8	4

Following is the list of constituencies and Members of Legislative Assembly from theBagri speaking region of North Western Haryana.

Following is the list of constituencies andMLA in thePunjab Legislative Assembly fromFazilka district and southern part ofSri Muktsar Sahib district with the significant presence ofBagri Speakers in South Punjab, India.

• 
  Sirsa district
• 
  Fatehabad district
• 
  Hisar district
• 
  Bhiwani district
• 
  Charkhi Dadri district
• 
  Bagar tract throughGanganagar district,Anupgarh district,Hanumangarh district,Churu district andBikaner district inRajasthan
• 
  Bagar tract throughFazilka district and southern villages ofMuktsar district ofPunjab (India)
• 
  Bagri as minor language is spoken inBahawalpur andBahawalnagar district ofPunjab, Pakistan, though not considered parts of Bagar tract.

• Tracts
• Regions of Haryana
• Regions of Punjab, India
• Regions of Rajasthan
• Surnames of Indian origin

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