Bački Jarak Бачки Јарак (Serbian) | |
|---|---|
Town | |
 General store in town center | |
 Coat of arms | |
  Bački Jarak  Bački Jarak  Bački Jarak | |
| Coordinates:45°22′N19°52′E / 45.367°N 19.867°E /45.367; 19.867 | |
| Country |  Serbia |
| Province / Region |  Vojvodina |
| District | South Bačka District |
| Municipality or city | Temerin |
| Area | |
• Total | 19.1 km2 (7.4 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 5,687 |
| Area code | + 381(0) 21 |
| Car plates | NS |
Bački Jarak (Serbian Cyrillic:Бачки Јарак) is a town located in theTemerin municipality, in theSouth Bačka District ofSerbia. It is situated in the Autonomous Province ofVojvodina. The town has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 5,687 people (2011 census).
InSerbian, the town is known asBački Jarak (Бачки Јарак), formerly alsoMali Jarak (Мали Јарак) andJarak (Јарак); inGerman asJarek,Batschki Jarak orJarmosch; inHungarian asJármos orTiszaistvánfalva; and inCroatian asBački Jarak.
Its name is derived from Serbian nounjarak (coming from Turkishark;[1][2] "ditch" or "trench" in English), while adjectivebački refers to its location in the region ofBačka.
In 1267, there is mention of a place namedIrig orIrišac. According to some opinions, this place was maybe located in the area of present-day Bački Jarak. This settlement was also recorded in 1703, while record from 1737 mention the existence of two settlements: Veliki Irišac and Mali Irišac. Both settlements belonged to theFutog seigniory.
The modern settlement was founded and settled byEvangelical Protestantethnic Germans (Danube Swabians)[3] in 1787 (before that, the place used to be barren area). In 1788, the settlement had 117 houses and population of 268 people. Administratively, the settlement was part of theBatsch-Bodrog County within theHabsburg Kingdom of Hungary. In 1796,Temerin and Bački Jarak were sold to CountSándor Széchényi for a price of 80,000 forints.
In 1848–1849, the settlement was part of autonomousSerbian Vojvodina and in 1849–1860 part of theVoivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar, a separate Habsburg crown land. It was part of theBatschka-Torontal District (1849–1850) andNeusatz District (1850–1860) within the voivodeship. After the abolishment of the voivodeship in 1860, the settlement was again included intoBatsch-Bodrog County. In the 1910 census, a majority of settlement inhabitants spoke theGerman language.[4]
In 1918, the settlement (as part of theBanat, Bačka and Baranja region) firstly became part of theKingdom of Serbia and then part of theKingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later renamed toYugoslavia). In 1918–19, the settlement was part of theBanat, Bačka and Baranja region and also (from 1918 to 1922) part of theNovi Sad district. From 1922 to 1929, the settlement was part of theBačka Oblast and from 1929 to 1941 part of theDanube Banovina. From 1941 to 1944, the settlement was underAxis occupation and was attached toHorthy'sHungary. Since 1944, the town is part of autonomousYugoslavVojvodina, which (from 1945) was part of new socialistSerbia withinYugoslavia.
In 1944, as a consequence ofWorld War II events inYugoslavia, one part of 2,000[3] Yugoslav citizens of German ethnicity left from the area, together with defeated German army. Those who remained in the area were sent to communist prison camps and one of such camps was located in Bački Jarak. After prison camps were dissolved (in 1946), most of the remaining German population left Yugoslavia in subsequent decades, mainly because of economic reasons. In 1946–1947, Bački Jarak was settled by (mainly ethnic Serb) migrants fromBosnia and Herzegovina (Bosnian Krajina) andCroatia (Lika).[3] Post-World War II population censuses recorded Serb ethnic majority in the town.
Some of the old houses of the German families, built vertically towards the road (na duž) and known as theSwabian houses, still survive. The remaining houses, though mainly from the 19th century, were designed in theJosephinism style which originated in the second half of the 18th century, during the rule of emperorJoseph II. Family names were written on the façades and some are still visible, like that of Johann Wallrabenstein, who is described in chronicles as a "distinguished householder". As both Bački Jarak and Temerin developed in recent decades, they now form one continuously built-up area.[3]
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1921 | 2,311 | — |
| 1948 | 2,438 | +5.5% |
| 1953 | 2,544 | +4.3% |
| 1961 | 3,362 | +32.2% |
| 1971 | 3,858 | +14.8% |
| 1981 | 5,396 | +39.9% |
| 1991 | 5,426 | +0.6% |
| 2002 | 6,049 | +11.5% |
| 2011 | 5,687 | −6.0% |
| Source:[5] | ||
Ethnic groups (2002 census):
Popular sports in Bački Jarak are football, handball, table tennis and karate.FK Mladost Bački Jarak currently competes inSerbian League Vojvodina.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
