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| Parent company | Springer Nature |
|---|---|
| Status | Active |
| Founded | 2000; 25 years ago (2000) |
| Founder | Current Science Group |
| Headquarters location | London,WC1 United Kingdom |
| Distribution | Open access |
| Publication types | Scientific journals |
| Nonfiction topics | Science |
| Official website | www |
BioMed Central (BMC) is a United Kingdom-based, for-profit scientificopen access publisher that produces over 250scientific journals. All its journals are published online only. BioMed Central describes itself as the first and largest open access science publisher. It was founded in 2000 and has been owned by Springer, nowSpringer Nature, since 2008.
BioMed Central was founded in 2000 as part of the Current Science Group (now Science Navigation Group, SNG), a nursery of scientific publishing companies. SNG chairmanVitek Tracz developed the concept for the company after NIH directorHarold Varmus'sPubMed Central concept for open-access publishing was scaled back.[1] The first director of the company wasJan Velterop.Chemistry Central was established in 2006 and thePhysMath Central journal imprint in 2007.
In 2002, the company introducedarticle processing charges,[2] and these have since been the primary source of revenue. In 2007,Yale University Libraries stopped subsidizing BioMed Central article processing charges for Yale researchers.[3]
In October 2008, it was announced that BioMed Central (along with Chemistry Central and PhysMath Central) had been acquired bySpringer Science+Business Media, the second largest STM publisher.[4] The Chemistry Central and PhysMath Central brands have since been retired.
In November 2008, BioMed Central became an official supporting organisation ofHealthcare Information For All.[5]
Following the merger of BMC intoSpringer Nature, BMC journals were gradually converted to the general Springer Nature software. The software migration meant the loss of several features, often related toopen science requirements, like the ability to download a machine-readable version of the paper (in XML format), direct download of PDF files and the ability to read articles withoutcookies.[6]
BioMed Central's flagship journals includeBMC Bioinformatics,BMC Biology,BMC Medicine,Genome Biology andGenome Medicine. It also produces the BMC Series of journals covering the fields of biology and medicine. Most of the other journals published by BioMed Central are owned and produced independently by societies and academic editorial boards, with BioMed Central providing the hosting, publishing platform and marketing.
All journals are published online; some of the flagship journals have in the past also been available as print subscriptions, such asArthritis Research & Therapy. Publications in BioMed Central journals are, immediately upon publication, released under theCreative Commons "Attribution" license which grants permission to reuse publications and produce derivative work. The only exceptions to this (as of 2010) were the flagship journals, which reserved rights on review and commentary content; those articles were available to purchase on a subscription or on apay-per-view basis, becoming freely available (but not fullyopen access) to all after six months; however, as of January 2015, "no subscription fees apply to these journals or to any articles published in them."[7]
In 2001, BioMed Central was the first publisher to carry outopen peer review as default, by openly posting named peer reviewer reports alongside published articles as part of a 'pre-publication history' for all medical journals in the BMC series. As of 2020[update], 70 BMC journals were operating fully open peer review.[8]
The BMC Series is a collection of several dozen online research journals published by BioMed Central.[9] Like all other BioMed Central journals, they have a policy of open access to the research articles they publish. Between them, they cover all major subject areas within biology and medicine. Two of the journals,BMC Biology andBMC Medicine, have a broad scope, and aim to publish particularly significant research. A third journal,BMC Research Notes, publishes scientifically valid research outputs that cannot be considered as full research or methodology articles across all scientific and clinical disciplines,[10] whileBMC Proceedings publishes conference proceedings andBMC Medical Research Methodology focuses on methodological approaches to healthcare research (especially methodology ofepidemiological research,clinical trials andmeta-analysis/systematic review).[11] The other journals specialise on a particular subject area. Due to their free licensing, images from BMC journals can be reused in other places.
Most BMC Series journals have animpact factor. As of 2016, for the 53 journals with impact factors,BMC Biology had the highest at 7.98.[12]
The company also has hosted biomedical databases, including theISRCTN registry (previously Current Controlled Trials), a Primary Registry ofclinical trials in theWHO Registry Network.[13] The Biology Image Library and the Cases Database, a database of medicalcase reports,[14] were closed in 2014.[15] The company also provided hosting for institutional repositories of publications based on theDSpace platform under the brand Open Repository.[16] The Open Repository activity was sold to Atmire in 2016.[17]
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