Movatterモバイル変換


[0]ホーム

URL:


Jump to content
WikipediaThe Free Encyclopedia
Search

Arthur E. Kennelly

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
American electrical engineer and mathematician (1861–1939)

Arthur E. Kennelly
Kennelly in 1915
Born
Arthur Edwin Kennelly

(1861-12-17)December 17, 1861
DiedJune 18, 1939(1939-06-18) (aged 77)
NationalityAmerican
EducationUniversity College School
Known for
Awards
Scientific career
Fields
Institutions
Doctoral studentsVannevar Bush (1916)
Signature

Arthur Edwin Kennelly (December 17, 1861 – June 18, 1939) was an Americanelectrical engineer andmathematician.

Biography

[edit]

Kennelly was born December 17, 1861, inColaba, inBombay Presidency,British India, and was educated atUniversity College School in London. He was the son of Irishnaval officer Captain David Joseph Kennelly (1831–1907) and Catherine Gibson Heycock (1839–1863). His mother died when he was three years old.[1] In 1863, his father retired from the navy and later Arthur and his father returned to England. In 1878, his father married Ellen L.Spencer and moved the family toSydney, Nova Scotia, when he took over the Sydney and Louisbourg Coal and Railway Company Limited. By his father's third marriage, Arthur gained four half siblings, Zaida Kennelly in 1881, David J. Kennelly Jr. in 1882, Nell K. Kennelly in 1883, and Spencer M. Kennelly in 1885.

Kennelly joinedThomas Edison's West Orange laboratory in December 1887, staying until March 1894. While there he had a role in thewar of currents, assisting anti-alternating current crusaderHarold P. Brown in developing a demonstration to show how alternating current was more dangerous thandirect current as well as a further test to determine the type of electricity that should be used in theelectric chair, convincing officials that it should be alternating current.[2][3]

Kennelly then formed a consulting firm in electrical engineering withEdwin Houston. Together they wroteAlternating Electric Currents (1895),Electrical Engineering leaflets (1896), andElectric arc lighting (1902). In 1893, during his research inelectrical engineering, he presented a paper on "Impedance" to theAmerican Institute of Electrical Engineers (AIEE). He researched the use ofcomplex numbers as applied toOhm's law inalternating currentcircuit theory. In 1902, he investigated theionosphere's radio spectrum's electrical properties, resulting in the concept of theKennelly–Heaviside layer. Also in 1902 Kennelly was given the entire engineering charge of the expedition which laid Mexican submarine cables on the route Vera Cruz–Frontera–Campeche. He also served as inspector for the Mexican Government during the manufacture of the cable. He was a professor of electrical engineering atHarvard University, 1902–1930, and jointly at theMassachusetts Institute of Technology, 1913–1924. One of his PhD students wasVannevar Bush.

In 1911 and 1912, Kennelly advanced applied mathematics by communicating the theory of thehyperbolic angle andhyperbolic functions, first in a course at theUniversity of London and then in a published book.

Autochrome portrait byAuguste Léon, 1922

He was an active participant in professional organizations such as the Society for the Promotion of the Metric System of Weights and Measures, the Illuminating Engineering Society and the US National Committee of the International Electrotechnical Commission, and also served as the president of both the AIEE and the Institute of Radio Engineers,IRE, during 1898–1900 and 1916, respectively.[4] He was an Invited Speaker of theICM in 1924 at Toronto.[5]

While Kennelly himself does not appear to have been a significant athlete, he applied his engineering expertise to his avocation: analyzing endurance sports records of horses and humans. He noticed that time vs. distance plots of such sports records formed nearly a straight line when plotted on log-log graph paper. Kennelly thus preceded by 75 yearsPeter Riegel, who also—apparently independently—noticed this same power law, called by Riegel the "endurance equation". Due to the relatively crude (by today's standards) data available, Kennelly's "Law of Fatigue" utilized the same exponent 9/8 = 1.125 for all of his datasets, whereas Riegel noticed that these exponents differed by sport and by individual.[6]

Kennelly died inBoston, Massachusetts, on June 18, 1939.[7]

Awards and honors

[edit]

Kennelly received awards from many nations, including theIEE Institution Premium (1887), theEdward Longstreth Medal (1917) and theHoward N. Potts Medal (1918) of theFranklin Institute,[8] the Cross of a Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur of France and theAIEE Edison Medal (1933), now IEEE Edison Medal, "For meritorious achievements in electrical science, electrical engineering and the electrical arts as exemplified by his contributions to the theory of electrical transmission and to the development of international electrical standards." He was awarded theIRE Medal of Honor (1932), nowIEEE Medal of Honor, "For his studies of radio propagation phenomena and his contributions to the theory and measurement methods in the alternating current circuit field which now have extensive radio application."

Kennelly was elected to theAmerican Philosophical Society in 1896, theAmerican Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1905, and the United StatesNational Academy of Sciences in 1921.[9][10][11]

Works

[edit]

Books

[edit]

Patents

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Born December 1861 he was probably only 1 (of may be 2) years old when his mother died.
  2. ^Mark Essig,Edison and the Electric Chair: A Story of Light and Death, Bloomsbury Publishing USA - 2009, pages 152-155
  3. ^Moran, Richard.Executioner's Current. Thomas Edison, George Westinghouse and the Invention of the Electric Chair. Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 2002, p. 94.
  4. ^"Arthur E. Kennelly".IEEE Global History Network. IEEE. RetrievedAugust 8, 2011.
  5. ^Kennelly, Arthur E. (1928)."Hyperbolic-function series of integral numbers and the occasions for their occurrence in electrical engineering"(PDF).In: Proceedings of the International Mathematical Congress held in Toronto, August 11-16, 1924. Vol. 2. University of Toronto Press. pp. 441–460. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on December 1, 2017. RetrievedNovember 27, 2017.
  6. ^Kennelly, Arthur E. (1906). "An Approximate Law of Fatigue in the Speeds of Racing Animals".Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.42 (15):275–331.doi:10.2307/20022230.JSTOR 20022230.
  7. ^"A. E. Kennelly Dies; Ex-aide of Edison; Taught Electrical Engineering at Harvard, 1902–1930, and at M.I.T. From 1913–1924 Edison Gold Medal Award to Him in 1933—Co-Discoverer of 'Heaviside Layer' Early Aide to Edison Honored by Many Societies".The New York Times. June 19, 1939. p. 15. RetrievedJanuary 14, 2011.
  8. ^"Franklin Laureate Database – A. E. Kennelly".Franklin Institute. RetrievedNovember 21, 2011.[permanent dead link]
  9. ^"APS Member History".search.amphilsoc.org. RetrievedMarch 7, 2024.
  10. ^"Arthur Edwin Kennelly | American Academy of Arts and Sciences".www.amacad.org. February 9, 2023. RetrievedMarch 7, 2024.
  11. ^"Arthur Kennelly".www.nasonline.org. RetrievedMarch 7, 2024.

External links

[edit]
1926–1950
1926–1950
International
National
Academics
People
Other
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arthur_E._Kennelly&oldid=1289005961"
Categories:
Hidden categories:

[8]ページ先頭

©2009-2025 Movatter.jp