Market town in Cumbria, England
Human settlement in England
Appleby-in-Westmorland is amarket town andcivil parish inWestmorland and Furness ,Cumbria , England, with a population of 3,048 at the2011 Census .[ 1] River Eden , Appleby is thecounty town of thehistoric county ofWestmorland . It was known just asAppleby until 1974–1976, when the council of thesuccessor parish to the borough changed it to retain the name Westmorland, which was abolished as an administrative area under theLocal Government Act 1972 , before being revived asWestmorland and Furness in 2023.[ 2] Penrith , 32 miles (51 km) south-east ofCarlisle , 27 miles (43 km) north-east ofKendal and 45 miles (72 km) west ofDarlington .
The town's name derives from theOld English æppel-by , meaning "farm or settlement with apple trees".[ 3]
St Lawrence's Parish Church is recorded in theNational Heritage List for England as a designated Grade Ilisted building .[ 4] Appleby Castle was founded byRanulf le Meschin in the early 12th century. The Borough followed by royal charter in 1179 and theMoot Hall was built about 1596.[ 5] [ 6] Second English Civil War Appleby was placed under a siege, in which theRegicide Major GeneralThomas Harrison was wounded.[ 7]
Appleby Grammar School dates from twochantry bequests in 1286.[ 8] Letters Patent ofQueen Elizabeth in 1574.[ 8] George Washington's father and two half-brothers, born in Virginia, were educated at Appleby Grammar School. He would have followed, but his father died suddenly in 1743, just as he reached the age when the two older boys had made the voyage.[ 9]
Appleby is overlooked by the privately ownedAppleby Castle , a largelyNorman structure that served as home toLady Anne Clifford in the 17th century. Appleby's main industry is tourism, through its history, remoteness and scenery, and its proximity to theLake District ,North Pennines ,Swaledale andHowgill Fells .[ 10]
From 1973 Ferguson Industrial Holdings Plc was based at Appleby Castle.[ 11] [ 12] [ 13] WA Developments Limited , now Stobart Rail Limited, was long based in Appleby as a civil engineering firm founded by Andrew Tinkler and William Stobart, specialising in railway maintenance.[ 14]
Appleby's economy is based mainly on the service sector, in small firms, eating houses and pubs. The private shops include butchers, grocers, bakers and newsagents.[ 15] Brie .[ 16]
Gypsy horses in the River Eden Appleby and nearby villages host old-established events such as Warcoprushbearing , dating back at least to 1716.[ 17]
The four-dayAppleby Horse Fair is held on the first weekend of June.[ 18]
Appleby Agricultural Society, founded in 1841, puts on an annual show.[ 19] Appleby Jazz Festival .[ 20]
Other local events are listed on the community website.[ 21]
The Moot Hall Appleby was a parliamentary borough from medieval times, electing twoMembers of Parliament (MPs). By the 18th century it was apocket borough , whose members were effectively in the gift of theLowther family . They includedWilliam Pitt the Younger , who was MP for Appleby when he becamePrime Minister in 1783, although he stood down in the next general election, preferring to take aCambridge University seat.[ 22]
A later Appleby member was Viscount Howick, later asEarl Grey the Prime Minister under whom theReform Act 1832 was passed. However, that did not save it from losing both members under the act. As the only county town disenfranchised, Appleby was a controversial case in the debates on the Reform Bill, where the opposition attempted vainly to save it at least one MP. It gained a new charter in 1885.[ 23]
The town remained amunicipal borough until such status was abolished under theLocal Government Act 1972 .[ 24] Eden district, based inPenrith .[ 25]
Appleby was the county town ofWestmorland . TheCourts of Assise met at theShire Hall there,[ 26] [ 27] county council sat at theCounty Hall inKendal .[ 28]
Appleby today is in theparliamentary constituency ofWestmorland and Lonsdale .
Forlocal government purposes it now forms part ofWestmorland and Furness unitary authority. It formerly bridged the Appleby and Bongate wards ofEden District Council and the Appleby Ward ofCumbria County Council . Its ownparish council is named Appleby-in-Westmorland Town Council.[ 29]
Local news and television programmes are provided byBBC North East and Cumbria andITV Border . Television signals are received from theCaldbeck TV transmitter.[ 30] BBC Radio Cumbria on 95.6 FM,Greatest Hits Radio Cumbria & South West Scotland on 102.5 FM, and community based stationEden FM Radio which broadcast from its studios inPenrith on 107.5 FM.[ 31] Cumberland and Westmorland Herald The Westmorland Gazette [ 32] [ 33]
Appleby railway station is a stop on theSettle-Carlisle Line . It was opened by theMidland Railway in 1876.Northern Trains operates a generally two-hourly service in each direction betweenLeeds andCarlisle , viaSettle .[ 34]
Appleby East station also served the town on theNorth Eastern Railway ;[ 35] [ 36]
As of November 2024[update] [ 37]
563 connects Kirkby Stephen with Penrith; it is operated byStagecoach Cumbria S6 links Sedburgh and Penrith; it is operated by Western Dales Community Bus A chronological list of notables from Appleby with a Wikipedia page:
Lady Anne Clifford, 14th Baroness de Clifford (1590–1676), helped to shape Appleby by restoring the castle and refurbishing the churches. Her memorial stands beside her mother's inSt Lawrence's Church , Boroughgate, where both are buried.[ 38] Thomas Barlow (1607/1608–1691), an English academic and clergyman who became Provost ofQueen's College, Oxford andBishop of Lincoln , was born at nearbyOrton and attendedAppleby Grammar School .[ 39] SaintJohn Boste (1544–1594), at nearby Dufton, attended Appleby Grammar school & Queens College Oxford. He is a saint in the Catholic Church and one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales.[ 40] Barnabas Simpson (c.1634–1712), clergyman who was the vicar of Appleby St Michael from 1661 to 1712.[ 41] William Stobart (born 1961), director and shareholder of Appleby-based WA Developments Ltd[ 42] Gavin Skelton (born 1981), football coach[ 43] Helen Skelton (born 1983), television presenter, attended Appleby Grammar School.[ 44] ^ "Parish population 2011" (PDF) .Eden District Council Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 February 2019. Retrieved5 February 2019 .^ Kelner, Simon (23 April 2013)."Eric Pickles's championing of traditional English counties is something we can all get behind" .The Independent Archived from the original on 24 October 2017. Retrieved19 September 2017 . ^ "Key to English Place-names" .kepn.nottingham.ac.uk .^ Historic England ."Parish Church of St Lawrence, Appleby-in-Westmorland (1312067)" .National Heritage List for England . Retrieved24 June 2012 .^ Barter, Marion; Elsworth, Dan (2018)."The Moot Hall, Appleby-in-Westmorland: An Architectural Investigation and Assessment of Significance. Historic England Research Report 25/2018" .research.historicengland.org.uk .Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved10 May 2020 . ^ Arnold, Alison; Howard, Robert; Tyers, Cathy (2018)."Moot Hall, Boroughgate, Appleby-in-Westmorland, Cumbria: Tree-ring analysis and radiocarbon dating of oak timbers. Historic England Research Report 14/2018" .research.historicengland.org.uk .Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved10 May 2020 . ^ Maurice Ashley (1954),Cromwell's Generals , London: Cape,OCLC 798976 ,OL 6150316M ^a b Higginson, J. H. (1976). "Reviewed Work: Appleby Grammar School by Edgar Hinchcliffe".British Journal of Educational Studies .24 (1):98– 99.doi :10.2307/3120766 .JSTOR 3120766 . ^ "George Washington and Appleby Grammar School" .Cumberland and Westmorland Herald Archived from the original on 29 September 2018. Retrieved5 February 2019 .^ Archer, Brian H.; Jones, D. R. (1977).Tourism in Appleby, Keswick and Sedbergh ^ "Industrialist who first opened Appleby Castle" .Cumberland and Westmorland Herald Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved9 September 2019 .^ Hurst, John (2000).Come Back to Eden: Lakeland's Northern Neighbour ISBN 9781850587057 ^ Holmes, Martin (1974).Appleby Castle . Ferguson Industrial Holdings Ltd, Newcastle upon Tyne. ^ "2,000 job companies prepare to quit Eden" .Cumberland and Westmorland Herald Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved9 September 2019 .^ "Visit Appleby - Shopping" .Archived from the original on 24 January 2021. Retrieved30 June 2021 .^ "Appleby Creamery" .Archived from the original on 5 December 2020. Retrieved17 July 2021 .^ Willcock, Richard (14 November 2015)."Episodes from Rushbearing at Musgrave and Warcop" .Archived from the original on 7 February 2019. Retrieved5 February 2019 . ^ "Appleby Horse Fair" .Archived from the original on 23 April 2009. Retrieved13 September 2019 .^ de Silva, Carrie (2013).A Short History of Agricultural Education and Research Archived from the original on 16 September 2018. Retrieved16 September 2018 . ^ "Appleby Jazz Festival" . Retrieved31 March 2022 .^ "Appleby and Eden Valley Events: What's on in Appleby-in-Westmorland" .Archived from the original on 24 May 2020. Retrieved13 September 2019 .^ "10 Downing Street – PMs in history – William Pitt 'The Younger' 1783–1801 and 1804-6" . Number10.gov.uk. Archived fromthe original on 7 August 2008. Retrieved23 April 2010 .^ "Appleby" inChambers's Encyclopædia George Newnes , 1961, Vol. 1, p. 491. ^ "Appleby MB" . Vision of Britain. Retrieved26 March 2023 .^ "Planning application full details: Appleby Ward" . Retrieved26 March 2023 .^ "Appleby Conservation Area Character Appraisal and Management Plan" (PDF) . Eden District Council. 1 February 2022. p. 59. Retrieved26 March 2023 .^ Jones, Sir Clement (1948)."A Tour In Westmorland" . Kendal: Titus, Wilson & Son. ^ Holloway, Norman (2012).Kendal Through Time ISBN 978-1445608129 ^ "Home" .Archived from the original on 25 August 2019. Retrieved9 September 2019 .^ "Full Freeview on the Caldbeck (Cumbria, England) transmitter" .UK Free TV . 1 May 2004. Retrieved2 October 2023 .^ "Eden FM" . Retrieved26 September 2023 .^ "Cumberland and Westmorland Herald" .British Papers . 18 August 2013. Retrieved2 October 2023 .^ "The Westmorland Gazette" .British Papers . 15 November 2013. Retrieved2 October 2023 .^ "Timetables and engineering information for travel with Northern" .Northern Railway . 2 June 2024. Retrieved11 November 2024 .^ Catford, Nick (12 May 2017)."Station name: Appleby East" .Disused Stations . Retrieved11 November 2024 . ^ Jenkins, Stanley C.; Loader, Martin (2016).The London, Midland and Scottish Railway Volume Three Leeds to Carlisle . Amberley Publishing.ISBN 978-1445643861 ^ "Appleby-in-Westmorland bus services" .Bustimes.org . 2024. Retrieved11 November 2024 .^ "Lady Anne Clifford" . English Heritage. Retrieved26 March 2023 .^ Spurr, John (2004)."Balow, Thomas" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography doi :10.1093/ref:odnb/1439 . Retrieved26 March 2023 . (Subscription orUK public library membership required.) ^ "John Boste" . St Anthony's and St Aidan's Catholic Sixth Form. Retrieved26 March 2023 .^ II. Nightingale, B. (1911).The Ejected of 1662 in Cumberland and Westmorland Vol. II Manchester University Press – viaInternet Archive . ^ "Eddie lets go of wheel" .The Westmorland Gazette . 22 October 2003. Retrieved26 March 2023 .^ " .Times and Star . 9 May 2014. Retrieved26 March 2023 .^ "Appleby supports Strictly Come Dancing's Helen Skelton" .Cumberland and Westmorland Gazette . 9 October 2022. Retrieved26 March 2023 .
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