Antonio Caldara | |
|---|---|
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| Born | c. 1670 |
| Died | (1736-12-28)28 December 1736 Vienna |
| Occupation | Composer |
Antonio Caldara (c. 1670 – 28 December 1736) was an ItalianBaroquecomposer.
Caldara was born inVenice (exact date unknown), the son of a violinist. He became a chorister atSt Mark's in Venice, where he learned several instruments, probably under the instruction ofGiovanni Legrenzi. In 1699 he relocated toMantua, where he becamemaestro di cappella to the ineptCharles IV, Duke of Mantua, a pensionary of France with a French wife, who took the French side in theWar of the Spanish Succession. Caldara removed from Mantua in 1707, after the French were expelled from Italy, then moved on toBarcelona as chamber composer toCharles III, the pretender to the Spanish throne (following the death ofCharles II of Spain in 1700 without any direct heir) and who kept a royal court at Barcelona. There, he wrote some operas that are the first Italian operas performed in Spain. He moved on toRome, becomingmaestro di cappella toFrancesco Maria Marescotti Ruspoli, 1st Prince of Cerveteri. While there he wrote in 1710La costanza in amor vince l'inganno (Faithfulness in Love Defeats Treachery) for the public theatre atMacerata.
With the unexpected death ofEmperor Joseph I fromsmallpox at the age of 32 in April 1711, Caldara deemed it prudent to renew his connections with Charles III – soon to become Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI – as he travelled from Spain toVienna via northern Italy. Caldara visited Vienna in 1712, but foundMarc'Antonio Ziani andJohann Joseph Fux firmly ensconced in the two highest musical posts. He stopped at theSalzburg court on his return journey to Rome, where he was well received (and to which he subsequently sent one new opera annually from 1716 to 1727). In 1716, following the death the previous year of Ziani and the promotion of Fux toHofkapellmeister, Caldara was appointedVize-Kapellmeister to the Imperial Court in Vienna, and there he remained until his death.
Caldara composed more than 70operas, more than 30oratorios, and other works includingmotets andsonatas.[1] Several of his compositions havelibretti byPietro Metastasio, the court poet at Vienna from 1729.
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Others
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