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Annonay

Coordinates:45°14′27″N4°40′17″E / 45.2408°N 4.6714°E /45.2408; 4.6714
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Commune in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
Annonay
Annonay, view from the Aygas rise
Annonay, view from the Aygas rise
Coat of arms of Annonay
Coat of arms
Location of Annonay
Map
Annonay is located in France
Annonay
Annonay
Show map of France
Annonay is located in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Annonay
Annonay
Show map of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Coordinates:45°14′27″N4°40′17″E / 45.2408°N 4.6714°E /45.2408; 4.6714
CountryFrance
RegionAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes
DepartmentArdèche
ArrondissementTournon-sur-Rhône
CantonAnnonay-1,Annonay-2
IntercommunalityAnnonay Rhône Agglo
Government
 • Mayor(2020–2026)Simon Plenet[1]
Area
1
21.20 km2 (8.19 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)[2]
17,222
 • Density810/km2 (2,100/sq mi)
Demonym(s)Annonéens(m)
Annonéennes(f)[3]
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
07010 /07100
Elevation270–746 m (886–2,448 ft)
(avg. 358 m or 1,175 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Annonay (French pronunciation:[anɔnɛ];Occitan:Anonai) is acommune and largest city in the north of theArdèche department in theAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of southeasternFrance. It is the most populous commune in the Ardèche department although it is not the capital which is the smaller town ofPrivas. Other communes in the Ardèche department areAubenas,Guilherand-Granges, andTournon-sur-Rhône.

Geography

[edit]

The commune consists of the city of Annonay and the hamlets of Vissenty, Chatinais, and Boucieu. With residential development, these four entities have merged into one today. Further away is the hamlet of Toissieu.

Annonay was built over several small hills at the confluence of the riversCance (Canse) andDeûme (Deôme).[4] Annonay is a crossroads of trade routes: from the Rhône Valley to the region ofSaint-Étienne (east-west) and from Lyon to south of theMassif Central (north-south). It is located 75 km (47 mi) south ofLyon, 13 km (8 mi) south-west ofSaint-Rambert-d'Albon, and 13 km (8 mi) north-west ofSaint-Vallier at the foot of the mountains ofVivarais just 6 km (4 mi) west of the riverRhône. Access to the commune is by the D121 fromDavezieux in the north-east passing through the commune and the city and continuing toVillevocance in the south-west. There is also the D578 from the city toQuintenas in the south and the D206 toSaint-Marcel-les-Annonay in the north. There are also the D371 and the D370 in the east of the commune.[5]

The geology consists mainly of grey or light orangeleucogranite andorthogneiss rich inbiotite,sillimanite, andcordierite with alternating bands offelsic andmafic material. The escarpment of Annonay is surrounded by plateaux and gentle hills used for cultivatingcherries,apricots,apples,pears, and other crops. A reservoir created by damming the Ternay River north-west of the town provides water for industrial and domestic use. The highest point of the town at 746 meters (2,448 ft) is located near a place called "Sagne Ronde"; the lowest point at 270 meters (890 ft) is the bed of the Cance near the ruins of the "Mill Baru". The Montmiandon overlooking the city, rises to 679 meters (2,228 ft) above sea level.

Neighboring communes and villages[5]

Name

[edit]

The origin of the name of the town has numerous hypotheses. One of these suggests thatAnnonay comes fromAnnoniacum meaning the domain of an "Annonius", a richRoman who lived there.[6] Another explanation is thatAnnonay came from the presence of a food store of thepraefectus annonae. In any case, the site of the city has been occupied sinceantiquity.Roman coins and medals were found during the digging of the Rue Malleval in 1851.

History

[edit]

Middle Ages

[edit]
Bell Tower of the Trachin Chapel

The first written mention of Annonay dates from 403. A chronicle of archives inVienne characterized the city as a small town "built by poor unclothed workers lost in the mountains of Haut-Vivarais".

A manuscript which has now disappeared,History of Annonay by P. Bartholomew Popon stated that Evance, Bishop of Vienne, had built on the site of Liberty Square a church dedicated to Saint-Mary or Our Lady in 584.

A charter of 790 ("The statutes of the Church ofVienne"), confirmed in 805, extracted from thecartulary of the Church of Vienne and quoted Annonay as the seat of a ruralarchpriest.

In the 13th and early 14th centuries, the small town of Annonay was an important step on the road of pilgrimage to the Virgin ofPuy-en-Velay. In witness to this hostelries forpilgrims, fivemonasteries including the Saint-Clair Convent, oneCordelier, and two priories one of which was the Chapel of Trachin.

The familyde Roussillon dominated the region. One of its members, Guillaume de Roussillon, participated in theCrusades. From 1288 a charter was signed between the city and the Lord of Annonay. This granted some autonomy to the city: in particular the right to levy taxes.

In 1342 or 1347, Annonay suffered theBlack Death which raged in Europe. A large part of the population was decimated. From 1365 two consuls were responsible for the city.

During the 15th century, Annonay affirmed itself as a commercial crossroads: exporting its wine, trading between the valley of theRhône, theDauphiné and the mountain by mule, the tannery developed using the waters of the Deume. The city, built on a rocky outcrop located between two rivers, was defended by the castle of Roussillon in the south and twofortified houses: in the north Maleton and in the west Du Peloux. A line of ramparts ringed all. The suburbs grew towards the Champ de Mars along the banks of the Cance and Deume. The relative prosperity however attractedthieves,highwaymen, andmercenaries. During theHundred Years War the city strengthened its fortifications with watchtowers, such as the so-called Martyrs Tower. The walls were pierced by gates to control the entrance and exit to the city. There are written references to the Deume, Cance, and Champ entrances, to mention only the most important.

In 1487 the city had fourteen churches or chapels for about two thousand inhabitants. At the center of town was the parish Church of Notre Dame to which was attached a college ofcanons of theorder of Saint-Ruf. Until theWars of Religion clerics represented up to half of the population.

Modern times (16th and 17th centuries)

[edit]
The Place Grenette

In 1524 Annonay was attached to the domain of the King of France in the wake of the revolt by theConstable of Bourbon: his property, which included Annonay, was confiscated. The country was then dominated by theLévis-Ventadour, theRohan-Soubises etc.

Wars of Religion

[edit]
Main article:French Wars of Religion

During this period Annonay had 3,500 inhabitants. The districts of Cance and Deume were neglected by the wealthy in favor of the Place Vielle (Old Square – now the Place de la Liberté or Liberty Square), Place Grenette, Rue des Forges (formerly Main Street and today Rue Franki Kramer).[6]

Annonay adoptedProtestantism beforeGeneva. From 1528 aFranciscan friar,Etienne Machopolis – who had heardMartin Luther preach inSaxony, spread the new ideas. In 1539 two merchants from Annonay were burned alive for spreading the ideas of Luther. It was the excesses of the clergy that pushed people into the arms of theReformation. Moreover, in the region Protestants such as the Benay family had developed the culture of silkworms and protected the Italian artisans who came to develop the silk mills.

Annonay, when in the hands of Protestants, was taken for the first time in 1562 by the Catholic troops of Christophe ofSaint-Chamond, Lord ofThorrenc andAndance. The city was retaken at the end of 1562 by the Protestants led by Jean de Saint-Romain, his own brother. Saint-Romain and his troops destroyed the Catholic places of worship in Annonay except for the Trachin Chapel which became a Protestant temple. On 10 January 1563 three thousand Catholics commanded by Saint-Chamond dislodged them from Annonay. The city was sacked in five days. The Edict of Amboise (March 1563) restored peace by giving Protestants freedom of worship inbailiwicks such as Annonay. To this misfortune was added another: plague broke out in 1564.

In 1568 the Protestants of Saint-Romain seized Annonay and slaughtered the college of Notre Dame. A few months later, in September, Catholics, under the command of Saint-Chamond, retook the city again. The troops of Saint-Romain reverted to the masters of Annonay on 17 July 1574. The houses of Cance and Bourgville districts were razed and the ramparts ruined, college and various Annonay chapels were completely destroyed except the Trachin Chapel. From 1574 the Protestant Lord Jean de Fay of Virieu was sent byHenry III to negotiate peace between Catholics and Protestants. A compromise was found in the castle of La Condamine: the Protestant lord was responsible for controlling the locations in the region which were disarmed. An edict of pacification was granted in 1577. The city then had a long period of peace but in the short term trade and industry were destroyed. The city, in ruins, had only 300fires or about 1500 inhabitants. Religious orders were expelled. In 1583, 1584, and 1585, poor harvests caused inflation, food shortages, and famine. Plague wreaked havoc in Upper Vivarais.

With the signing of theEdict of Nantes the city regained prosperity. At the end of the 16th century thirty tanneries were located on the banks of the Deume and Cance, attracted by the quality of their waters and the prosperous farms nearby. The tanneries grew. There were 11 Tanners and 4 Dressers in 1590; there were 20 and 37 respectively in 1704.[7]

17th–18th centuries

[edit]
The first flight of the balloon of the Montgolfier brothers

Catholicism became the new majority in the capital of Upper Vivarais due to the massive influx of foreign population. Reconstruction of the Church of Notre Dame was undertaken with a constrained budget. Meanwhile, the Trachin Chapel, the only intact religious building, became the parish church. A Protestant church was built in the district of the Place Saint-Ursula. In September 1601 Annonay received a visit by the future SaintFrancis de Sales and a little later from the future SaintJohn Francis Regis. The reconstruction of the city was characterized by the arrival of new religious communities and the creation of educational institutions such as the Convent of Santa Maria. A new hospital, joining the medieval structures of Notre-Dame La Belle and Notre-Dame de l'Aumône was created on 16 March 1686 at the Champ-de-Mars.

In 1685 therevocation of the Edict of Nantes affected Annonay. Protestants who were at that time 50% of the population[8] had to choose between exile, abjuration, or to continue practicing their religion in secret. The Protestants were mostly artisans, manufacturers, wine-growers, and traders.[9] A century later a census showed that there were only 7% Protestants mostly from the upper classes.[10]

The paper industry was started in Annonay in the 17th century with theMontgolfier brothers,papermakers originating fromAuvergne, installed at Vidalon-lès-Annonay (today a hamlet in the commune ofDavézieux). The Johannots, another Auvergne family, had been settled in Faya since 1634. Attracted to the water quality, the driving force of the rivers, and the abundance of raw materials (rags), they imported technological innovations fromHolland: e.g. the Dutch pile.[citation needed]

In the maze of streets and small squares of Annonay, there was progress with the commissioning in 1726 of four public fountains fed by captive water sources.

In 1780 industrial production was booming: 25,000 cow hides and 500,000 sheep skins were processed by the tanneries. Paper mills produced 300tons of paper. This success did not go smoothly: the employment in great numbers of the best workers by Montgolfier caused a scarcity of labor and demands for wage increases. There was a strike for two months in the Vidalon Workshop in late 1781 after a long period of tension between the employer and his employees, the first lost the best of his workforce through his intransigent attitude[11] at a time when fights betweengavots and journeymen were common.[12]

In 1781, the termBailiage was changed toSénéchaussée.

On 14 December 1782, thanks toEtienne and Joseph Montgolfier, the first balloon rose above Vidalon-lès-Annonay. It consisted of a largepaper bag lined with cloth placed over a fire of wet straw and wool. It remained however a private experience: the first public official flight in a hot air balloon took place on 4 June 1783 at Annonay, or precisely from the Place des Cordeliers – in front of a chosen public: the Members of State particularly of Vivarais. Several other inventions are credited toJoseph Montgolfier: thehydraulic ram, the method of manufacture ofWove paper and filter paper, called joseph paper.

Annonay developed through trade. It benefited from an improved road network (even if it was as a result of the revolt ofcamisards).[13] In 1787 Annonay had 130 merchants for about 7,000 inhabitants. Among them: 11 drapers, 11 clothiers, 26 grocers, 3 goldsmiths, 26 shoe merchants, and 28 tailors.[13] At the same time, the Catholic parish of the city was headed by a priest-archpriest, and vicars. The college ofcanons was composed of the prior and twelve canons. The monastery of thePoor Clares had twelve nuns and two lay sisters, the Convent of Santa Maria had thirty nuns and four lay sisters. Adding to this religious presence was the pastor of the Protestant community.

French Revolution

[edit]

TheFrench Revolution started down this organization. The region was characterized by a wave of dechristianization which caused a certain spirit of resistance among the Catholic and Protestant populations.The Terror made victims such as Pierre-François Dulau-Dallemand, the pastor ofSaint-Julien-Vocance; Bartholomew Montblanc, Vicar atGivors hidden around Annonay, and the priests of Rouville, Bac-et-Guards, and former Jesuits. To them must be added the three Sisters of Saint-Joseph from the community ofVernosc-lès-Annonay.

The representatives of Annonay, while being very favorable to the new order, adopted a moderate attitude. This moderation was well illustrated by the personality of the lawyerBoissy d'Anglas, closely linked to theGirondins.André Joseph Abrial, a native of Annonay, became Minister of Justice and was an author of theCivil Code (Code Napoleon).

19th century

[edit]
Statue of the Montgolfier brothers (1883–1885)

During the first half of the 19th century, the need for an industrial workforce for paper-making and leather at Annonay attracted population from the surrounding countryside. The number of inhabitants doubled from 5,550 in 1801 to 11,398 in 1846 (it would reach 18,445 inhabitants in 1866). The physiognomy of the city changed with the rapid development or opening of new shopping streets (Rues Sadi Carnot,Montgolfier,Boissy d'Anglas,Tournon,Melchior de Vogue). A new city hall was built in a developing area.

In 1822, theCongregation of St. Basil, a Catholic order of priests was founded in the town.

On 26 February 1848, the city workers violently showed their support for the revolutionary Parisians (during February 1848), including the stoning of houses belonging to notable people. The army maintained order.[14]

With demographic pressure, the size of the existing infrastructure including the sole Catholic church did not allow proper welcoming of new residents to the faith. Two new churches were built: Saint-Francis and Saint-Joseph. Around the city, about a kilometer or two new town houses were built in the image of theDomain of Marc Seguin or Déomas Castle constituting a "sunbelt".

The tannery rode the industrial prosperity of Annonay. High-end gloves were made inGrenoble but the best skins came from Annonay. In 1870 the Annonay tannery processed 8 million skins and employed 50% of the workers in the city. Three thousand of them were working at the time in this industry.

Improving the road network and creating the first lines of railway put an end to Annonay's role as a commercial center for the mountainous hinterland. The latter was now in direct contact withSaint-Étienne. The east-west trade that were advantageous to Annonay were replaced by north-south trade particularly following the valley of theRhône. From now on Annonay, although the hometown ofMarc Seguin, would be connected to the railway network by a branch line.

TheFranco-Prussian War of 1870 blocked exports: the stocks of the Annonay works were blocked for a time in Paris. This crisis began the decline of the tanneries in Annonay compounded by weak industrial investment. More than 2,000 employees were laid off to go and find work in other areas.

Barthélémy Baru Canson married the daughter of Étienne de Montgolfier. New processes of papermaking were established and production became specialized. The paper mill employed 1,500 people around 1875. Such activity requires a lot of water which was supplied by the Ternay reservoir from 1867. Its water was also distributed to residents through standpipes positioned in each district.

While modern community life was started with the creation of the first sports clubs such asAnnonéenne, a company gym which still exists; the nascent local press reported on events such as celebrations marking the centenary of the first flight of a balloon. Annonay improved its main entrance by creating a new road connecting thePLM station to the center of town: the Boulevard of the Republic (1883–1888).

The 20th century

[edit]
Valgelas Bridge

In the early 20th century, the city still retained its appearance after theWars of religion except for the Station district. Construction works were mainly concentrated in the industrial valleys of Cance and Deume. The historic center saw the building of Annonay's first department store "Les Galeries Modernes" (currently Public Service offices) and reconstruction on another site of the historic church of Notre-Dame. At this time themagic of electricity came (1910). The telephone was known and used. The national news with the laws on religious congregations and the separation of church and state was a passion in Annonay and in its surroundings. There were expulsions of monks and nuns with theQuerelle des inventaires particularly active during violent protests motivated by the fear of a return to the excesses of 1793–1794.

TheFirst World War with its refugees, its wounded, its mutilated, and its dead (552 from Annonay) put an end to the protests.

The period between the two wars was marked by the presidential visit ofAlexandre Millerand in 1923 on the occasion of the inauguration of the monument in honor ofMarc Seguin and by the 150th anniversary of the first flight of the balloon (1933). The appearance of the city remained the same: dirty, dark streets, few new buildings like the "Vanaude" house. The "sunbelt" of castles contrast with the city center of slums and polluting industries. On the economic front mechanical industries grew: machines for the tannery of the Mercier brothers and especially for the manufacturing ofbuses. The old craft business of Jean-Joseph Besset becameRenault thenIrisbus, who manufacture its entire range ofbuses andcoaches for France. These entrepreneurs invented the concept of the industrial zone. The descendants of the Montgolfier brothers, B. and E. de Canson inventedtracing paper andphotographic paper. Weaving experiencing strong growth.

During theSecond World War Annonay was the site of the last battles of 1940. On 6 June 1944 the local resistance of theSecret Army were the first to liberate their own city. These facts earned the city theCroix de Guerre 1939–1945 and a citation at the order of the nation.

When peace returned, industrial sectors developed in Annonay such as food processing and pharmaceutical production. Other industries declined following the marginalisation of the work of leather and textile after great social conflict. The face of the city changed. From 1949 near the Besset factory a new district was created from scratch on farmland. It contains large housing subdivisions, schools, sports facilities and shops. Catholics built their fourth church in the city. Urbanization moved towardsBoulieu-lès-Annonay,Roiffieux, and especiallyDavézieux with its industrial and commercial area. In the center, renovation of the old town, reconstruction of the banks of the Deume and the hillsides of Cance are scheduled. From a city with black façades, slums, and industrial wastelands, Annonay has become a colorful city made of new or rehabilitated buildings. The Deume has been covered for more than one kilometer and a new axis conveys traffic: the Avenue de l'Europe.

The Annonay people celebrated with great pomp the centenary of the railway line (1970),Marc Seguin (1975 and 1986), and the bicentennial of the first flight of thehot air balloon (1983).

The 21st century

[edit]
Panoramic view of Annonay

The city bore the brunt of deindustrialisation. Economic jewels disappeared causing job losses (industrial weaving, manufacture and paper production). At the same time new companies emerged bringing hope in the fields of food and cleaning equipment.

Although more discreet in a secular society religious life remains. The Catholic community created the parish of Sainte-Claire by merging the parishes of the city of Annonay,Roiffieux,Vocance,Villevocance,Vanosc,Saint-Julien-Vocance,Monestier, and the hamlet of Toissieu. The Protestant community is shared between the Evangelical Church and theUnited Protestant Church of France. The Muslim community built theHouse of the Orient, a building which includes the first mosque in Annonay.

On 8 March 2001, anETA suspect was arrested at a local roadblock.

Associative and cultural life is rich. The people of Annonay celebrated the centennial of the opening of the new Church of Notre Dame (2012) and the establishment of the Joseph Besset factory (2013).

Heraldry

[edit]
Arms of Annonay
Arms of Annonay
The motto of Annonay isCives et semper cives meaning "Citizens and always citizens"

Blazon:
Chequy of Or and Gules of 4 tires.



Administration

[edit]

List of Successive Mayors[15]

Mayors from the French Revolution to 1942
FromToNamePartyPosition
17901791Gacou
17911795Gilbert Michel Colonjon
17951797Jean-Marie Desfrançois de Lolme
17981799Chabert
17991802Michel Marie Chapuis
18021815Jean-Marie Desfrançois de Lolme
18151817Mathieu Louis Pierre Duret
18171823Pierre François Lioud
18231830Louis Laurent Giraud
18301848Jean André Tavernier
18481870Etienne André Frachon
18711874Charles Chapuis
18741878Joseph Jean Lacaze
18781880François Auguste Riboulon
18801882Etienne Isidore Léon Adheran
18821888François Henry (called Franki) Kramer
18941897Marcellin Garnier
18971901Saturnin Alexandre Deaux
19001904Paul Eugène Geal
19041919Antoine Grimaud
19191925Lucien Bayle
19251927Léon Moirand
19271935Gustave Lapluye
19351942Gaston Duclos
Mayors from 1942
FromToNamePartyPosition
19421944Pierre Lapize de Sallee
19441944Jacques Meaudres de SugnyPCF
19441950Ferdinand JanvierSFIOSenior Executive
19501953Joseph PourretSFIO
19531959Daniel AimeSFIOCollege Director
19591965Fernand DuchierCNIPIndustrialist
19651971Daniel AimeSFIOFormer College Director
19711977Henri FaureUDRIndustrialist
19771983Jean ParizetPSSenior Executive
19831986Régis PerbetRPRDirector of Farm cooperative, MP 1980–1992
19861997Claude FaureRPRSenior Executive
19972001Jean-Claude TournayrePSArchitect
20012008Gérard WeberUMPPhysiotherapist, MP 2002–2007
20082017Olivier DussoptPSMP for Ardeche
20172020Antoinette SchererPS
2020CurrentSimon Plenet

Twin towns – sister cities

[edit]
See also:List of twin towns and sister cities in France

Annonay istwinned with:[16]

Annonay also cooperates withVysoké Mýto in the Czech Republic.[16]

Population

[edit]
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found onPhabricator and onMediaWiki.org.
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
196820,757—    
197520,832+0.05%
198219,484−0.95%
199018,525−0.63%
199917,522−0.62%
200717,257−0.19%
201215,983−1.52%
201716,345+0.45%
Source: INSEE[17]

Distribution of age groups

[edit]

The age distribution of the population of the town is similar to the average for the department.

Percentage distribution of age groups in Annonay and Ardèche Department in 2017

AnnonayArdèche
Age RangeMenWomenMenWomen
0 to 14 Years18.314.817.716.1
15 to 29 Years16.716.414.413.0
30 to 44 Years16.815.817.316.9
45 to 59 Years20.417.621.620.7
60 to 74 Years17.719.319.719.7
75 to 89 Years8.912.88.511.2
90 Years+1.33.20.92.4

Source:INSEE[17][18]

Economy

[edit]

Annonay has a strong industrial tradition, originally powered by the water flowing through the deep gorges around the town.[19] In the 19th century, it was connected to theParis-Lyon Railway and was famed for the bestpaper in France.[4] It also producedglove leather andcotton,woolen, andsilk goods.[4] A modern dam was constructed across theTernay, an affluent of theDeûme northwest of town, which expanded the power available to local factories.[19] By theFirst World War, theleather industry had become predominant, while the economy expanded to include moreraw silk,flour,chemical manures,glue,gelatine,brushes,chocolates, andcandles.[19] Although the leather industry has since declined, theTannerie d'Annonay ("AnnonayTannery") continues the tradition under theGrison brand.

Irisbus (aRenault Vehicles Industries andFiat Ivecojoint venture) builds buses and is the largest single employer with around 2,000 staff with several associated businesses.

The multinational paper companyArjo Wiggins subsidiaryPapeteries Canson et Montgolfier SA, which dates back to 1557 owns three of the severalpaper factories in the town.

Other industries in or close to the town include plastics, textiles, and pharmaceutical companies includingCiba, Aguettant and Tetra Médical.

There are a number ofvineyards near the town.

The average salary in the area is 23,300euro.

Culture and heritage

[edit]

Civil heritage

[edit]

The Montgolfier brothers

[edit]
"The Montgolfier brothers"
  • AStatue of the brothersJoseph and Etienne de Montgolfier located in the Place de Liberation. A work by the sculptorHenri Cordier, it was inaugurated on 5 June 1888.[20]
  • ThePyramid stone obelisk, the work of Étienne-François Imbard located on the Boulevard de la République. Built between 1819 and 1822, it commemorates the first ballooning experience of the Montgolfier brothers.[21][4]
  • TheMontgolfier-Canson Paper Mill (18th century) is registered as an historical monument.[22]

Marc Seguin

[edit]
Statue of Marc Seguin
  • AMonument toMarc Seguin, Place de la Liberté ( 1923 ). This bronze statue, the work of François Clémencin, was removed by the German army in 1942 then was replaced by a statue by the same sculptor which was inaugurated on 1 June 1947.[20]
  • TheDomain of Marc Seguin at Varagnes (19th century) is registered as a historical monument.[23]

Boissy d'Anglas

[edit]

Fountains

[edit]
Jean-Baptiste Béchetoille fountain
  • TheJean-Baptiste Béchetoille fountain (1900). The work of the architect Millefaud.[20]
  • TheFountain in the Place Grenette (1726).
  • TheFountain in the Place de la Liberté opened in 1923.

Other sites of interest

[edit]
Château of Déomas.
  • TheCity Hall of neoclassical inspiration (1835), rebuilt twice after fires (1870 and 1926).
  • TheFortified house of Nicolas du Peloux in Rue de la Postern (Governor in 1577).
  • Bourgeois mansions in Rue de Trachin from the 17th and 18th centuries.
  • TheValgelas Bridge (14th century), a former city gate.[25]
  • TheLa Vanaude House at 33 Avenue Marc-Seguin (1930) is registered as an historical monument. It is the work of the architects Hugues Gosselin and Maurice Frappa.[26]
  • TheCésar Filhol Museum in Rue Bechetoille (1700), formerly the royal bailiwick house.[27] The museum contains two items that are registered as historical objects:
    • A Group Sculpture: Virgin of Pity (16th century)[28]
    • A Statue: Christ (17th century)[29] possibly by Veyrines.
  • ThePlace Mayol (16th century) with a door of glazing beads.
  • TheChâteau of Déomas (1876) illustration of the "Sun Belt of Annonay".[30]
  • Substantial remains of the railway line betweenFirminy,Bourg-Argental, andSaint-Rambert-d'Albon:
    • Vidalon Tunnel, a passage on a ledge above the Deûme (covered in vegetation in 2013);
    • Retaining walls with characteristic stone-setting of the "Station district" (in the Place de la Gare in Annonay); Sacré-Cœur tunnel;
    • the Vissenty cutting.

Religious heritage

[edit]
Church in the hamlet of Toissieu
  • TheChurch Our Lady of the Assumption, in theneo-Byzantine Roman style, built between 1904 and 1912. Its bell tower contains aCarillon of five bells with a weight more than 2,100 kg (4,630 lb). It replaced a church of the same patronage located on the Place de la Liberté.[31] The work of the architects Rey, Allengry, and Joly. Its interior decoration (paste paintings) is inspired by the Litanies of the Blessed Virgin, theLitany of Loreto, theBible,hagiography, and the history of Annonay.[20][21][25][32][33][34][35] Consecrated in 1954, it contains many items that are registered as historical objects:
    • 2 Statues: Adoring Angels (18th century)[36]
    • A Statue: Virgin and child (18th century)[37]
    • A Gallery Organ (1880)[38][39] signedCavaillé-Coll.
    • A Choir Organ (1848)[40][41]
    • 2 Statues:Acolyte Angels (17th century)[42]
    • 2 Statues:Cherubs (17th century)[43]
    • A Bust-Reliquary: Saint John of the Cross (17th century)[44]
    • A Bust-Reliquary: Saint Peter of Alcantara (17th century)[45]
  • TheChurch ofSaint Francis of Assisi, in neo-Gothic style (1863–1866).[31]
  • TheChurch ofSaint Joseph of Cance, in neo-Gothic style (1870–1872).[31]
  • TheChurch of theHoly Family of Perrières, in modern style (1957–1958).[31]
  • TheChurch ofSaint Maurice of Toissieu, in neo-Gothic style (1876–1878).[31]
  • TheChapel of the Evangelical Free Church, Boulevard de la République (1900).
  • TheTemple of the Reformed Church, Rue Franki Kramer, portal from the 18th century.
  • Orient House, Muslim cultural and religious center (2008–2013).
  • TheChapel of the Hospital, dating from the 17th century.[20][25] The chapel contains many items that are registered as historical objects:
    • A Sideboard (19th century)[46]
    • 2Apothecary Jars (19th century)[47]
    • A Venetian Wall lamp mirror (18th century)[48]
    • A Chest of Drawers with diamond corners (18th century)[49]
    • A Painting: Christ on the Cross (17th century)[50]
    • A Painting: The Martyrdom of Saint Sebastian (17th century)[51]
    • A Painting with gold frame: Pope Clement VI (18th century)[52]
    • A Painting with gold frame: Saint Jerome (17th century)[53]
    • A Painting with gold frame: Adoration of the Trinity (17th century)[54]
    • 24Apothecary Jars (19th century)[55]
    • A Mortar and pestle (1654)[56]
    • A Mortar and pestle with chopping block (13th century)[57]
  • TheChapel of the Convent of Saint Mary (1633) is registered as an historical monument. The convent was built on the foundations of a castle called Malatour in 1630 with the Chapel built later in 1633.[20][25][58][59] The chapel contains several items that are registered as historical objects:
    • ATriptyche: 3 paintings of the life of Saint Francis Regis (1888)[60]
    • ARetable (17th century)[61]
    • A framed Painting: Raphael Sara and Tobie (17th century)[62]
    • Wood panelling and Paintings (17th century)[63]
Madonna on the Saint-Denis rocks
  • TheVierge des Fouines Statue (Nosy Virgin Statue) orOur Lady of Faith Statue placed on the rocks of Saint-Denis. 5.22 metres tall and the work of Bachini from Lyon. It was blessed on 26 September 1943.[20]
  • TheChapel of Trachin orTrachi is inGothic style with an octagonal bell tower, with remains of a priory dating from 1320.[64][4] The chapel contains several items that are registered as historical objects:
    • A Decorative ceiling painting (19th century)[65]
    • A Bust of Saint François-de-Sales (17th century)[66]
    • A Painting: the Nativity of the Virgin (18th century)[67]
    • A Painting: Saints Jacques and Philippe (1658)[68]
    • A Statue: Virgin and child (18th century)[69]
  • TheChapel of Vidalon-les-Annonay contains a Gallery Organ (1818) that is registered as an historical object.[70][71]
  • The formerChapel of Saint-Clair in Rue Sadi Carnot (14th century) is registered as an historical monument.[72] It was built inGothic style from 1348 to 1356.
  • TheCemetery chapel at Toissieu.

Military Heritage

[edit]
  • TheWar Memorial (1914–1918, 1939–1945, and subsequent wars). Designed by architect Maurice Luquet, the statuesThe pensive soldier andThe Stricken Woman were sculpted byPaul Landowski. It was inaugurated on 25 June 1922.[20]
  • TheMonument of Mobiles (1907) at the cemetery. Designed by architect Theodore Joly and sculptor Aimé Millet.[20]
  • AnOld door from the castle dating from the 12th century.
  • TheSoubises Vaults, remnants of the walls with a covered path around (12th–13th centuries).[25]
  • TheTower of Martyrs, from the 12th century, the remains of the ramparts of the city, this tower is located above the Deume. It is said that the condemned were thrown to their death in the shallow river. It is also believed that the name may come from the Martins ford which it defended.[20][25]

Cultural heritage

[edit]
Facade of the Bassin d'Annonay theatre
  • The"Italian" Theatre (1887), in the Place des Cordeliers, built on the site of the chapel of the former Franciscan convent.

Notable people

[edit]

Culture

[edit]
  • Archives: Parish and Civil Records, genealogical analysis, municipal Proceedings
  • Museum of the Canson & Montgolfier paper-makers: traces the history of the cottage industry of paper. It is the only museum to present a large working paper machine.
  • Vivarois Municipal Museum César Filhol: presents local ethnology, collections, and traces the history of local inventions by the Montgolfiers and Seguins.
  • Occitan culture still holds a significant place[73]
  • Jean-Pierre Mocky used the town as the setting for his filmLitan (1982).
  • The 2003 part-British fundedmovieL'homme du train (The Man on the Train) was filmed in Annonay.

Culinary specialities

[edit]

Local press

[edit]

The regional newspaperLe Dauphiné Libéré is available in Annonay. It also hosts the headquarters of the weeklyLe Reveil du Vivarais. Another weeklyL'Hebdo de l'Ardèche also covers the territory. Since the early 2000s a free monthly made its appearance,L'Indispensable is distributed among traders in the Annonay basin. It informs readers about cultural events taking place around the region.

Festivals

[edit]
Each year
  • In February:
    • The Premier International Festival of Film[74]
  • In June:
    • The Festival of Hot air Ballooning (1st weekend).
    • TheFesti'roc 07, a Christian modern music festival, it is organized by the Catholic parishes of the Annonay Basin.
  • In November:
    • The Love of good food of Ardèche and Upper Vivarais, (3rd weekend). This is organized by the association of the same name. During a weekend, the Place des Cordeliers becomes a showcase of Ardèche products. Sixty exhibitors and many activities punctuate this event.
  • The Championship of France for Hot air Ballooning

Gallery

[edit]
  • City hall
    City hall
  • Bell Tower of the Chapel of Trachin
    Bell Tower of the Chapel of Trachin
  • The Valgelas Bridge near the Soubises Vaults and the Place de la Mure
    The Valgelas Bridge near the Soubises Vaults and the Place de la Mure
  • Church of Our Lady
    Church of Our Lady
  • Old door in the Place Grenette (16th century)
    Old door in the Place Grenette (16th century)
  • Church of Saint Francis
    Church of Saint Francis
  • Chemin des Terres
    Chemin des Terres
  • Chapel of the Hospital (18th century)
    Chapel of the Hospital (18th century)
  • "Sainte-Barbe" House
    "Sainte-Barbe" House
  • An overview of Mirecouly Castle, illustration of the "Sun belt"
    An overview of Mirecouly Castle, illustration of the "Sun belt"

Historical bibliography

[edit]

(in French)

  • François Chomel,Annonay pas à pas, pierre à pierre, Édition du Vivarais, Annonay, 1995, 250 p.
  • Pierre Fanget,Annonay ma ville, Annonay, 1971.
  • Abbé Filhol,Histoire religieuse et civile d'Annonay et du Haut–Vivarais depuis l'origine de cette ville jusqu'à nos jours, Tomes 1, 2, 3 et 4, Moussy ainé, 1882.
  • Emmanuelle Faure, Claude Osset,Annonay, Mémoire en images, Éditions Alan Sutton, Saint-Cyr-sur-Loire, 127 pages, 2004.
  • Emmanuelle Faure, Bernard Faure, Claude Osset,Annonay en Fêtes, 1860–2000, Jean Pierre Huguet Editeur, Saint-Julien-Molin-Molette, 2002, 283 p.
  • La Gazette d'Annonay, Hebdomadaire local paraissant entre 1889 et 1944.
  • Antoine Grimaud,Annonay, la vie municipale de 1870 à 1920, Imprimerie Hervé, Annonay, 1926, 540 p.
  • Gaston Grimaud,Mon vieil Annonay, Decombe frères, Annonay, 1948, 48 p.
  • LeJournal d'Annonay, Hebdomadaire local paraissant entre 1865 et 1944.
  • Abbé Léorat Picansel,Annonay pendant la Terreur, Tomes 1 et 2, Amis du Fonds Vivarois, 1988.
  • Rémy Bernard,Histoire d'Annonay et sa région, Horvath, Roanne, 1981, 149 p.
  • Le Réveil du Vivarais et de la vallée du Rhône, Hebdomadaire local paraissant depuis 1944.

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^"Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
  2. ^"Populations de référence 2022" (in French).The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 19 December 2024.
  3. ^Le nom des habitants du 07 - Ardèche, habitants.fr
  4. ^abcdeEB (1878).
  5. ^abGoogle Maps
  6. ^abMunicipal Bulletin municipal of the city of Annonay: a little history. 1982(in French)
  7. ^National Archives, Paris(in French)
  8. ^Dictionary of Administrative and demographic history, vol. Ardèche d'Alain Molinier, Édition du CNRS, 1976(in French)
  9. ^Vauban,Memoir on the Huguenots(in French)
  10. ^Departmental Archives of Ardèche:Enumeration of citizens attached to the protestant religion Year X (1801)(in French)
  11. ^Jean Nicolas,The French Rebellion: popular movements and social conscience, 1661–1789, Paris: Gallimard, 2008. CollectionFolio,ISBN 978-2-07-035971-4, p. 461(in French)
  12. ^Jean Nicolas,The French Rebellion: popular movements and social conscience, 1661–1789, Paris: Gallimard, 2008. CollectionFolio,ISBN 978-2-07-035971-4, p. 519(in French)
  13. ^abMunicipal Archives of Annonay
  14. ^Éric Darrieux,The reception in the villages of Ardèche of the Second RepublicArchived 28 August 2008 at theWayback Machine, inRives nord-méditerranéennes, Paysans et pouvoirs local, le temps des révolutions, read online 22 July 2005, consulted on 10 December 2008(in French)
  15. ^List of Mayors of France
  16. ^ab"Le jumelage à Annonay".mairie-annonay.fr (in French). Annonay. 6 July 2010. Retrieved21 April 2021.
  17. ^abÉvolution et structure de la population en 2017: Commune d'Annonay (07010)
  18. ^Évolution et structure de la population en 2017: Département de l'Ardèche (07)
  19. ^abcEB (1911).
  20. ^abcdefghijkPierre Fanget,Annonay my town, Annonay, 1971(in French)
  21. ^abcEmmanuelle Faure and Claude Osset,Annonay – A Memoir in pictures, Éditions Alan Sutton, Saint-Cyr-sur-Loire, 127 Pages, 2004(in French)
  22. ^Ministry of Culture, MériméePA07000021 Montgolfier-Canson Paper Mill(in French)
  23. ^Ministry of Culture, MériméePA00116875 Domain of Marc Seguin(in French)
  24. ^Painting by Vinchon(in French)
  25. ^abcdefAbbot Filhol,Religious and Civil History of Annonay and Upper–Vivarais since the origin of the city to the present day, Vols 1, 2, 3, and 4, Moussy ainé, 1882(in French)
  26. ^Ministry of Culture, MériméePA07000015 La Vanaude ZHouse(in French)
  27. ^César Filhol Museum(in French)
  28. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000023 Group Sculpture: Virgin of Pity(in French)
  29. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000022 Statue: Christ(in French)
  30. ^The Château de Déomas(in French)
  31. ^abcdeParish of Sainte Claire d’Annonay-Vocance websiteArchived 2010-12-16 at theWayback Machine(in French)
  32. ^Echo of Notre Dame (L'),Bulletin of the Parish of Notre Dame, appearing between 1931 and 1944
  33. ^Antoine Grimaud,Annonay, municipal life from 1870 to 1920, Imprimerie Hervé, Annonay, 1926, 540 pages(in French)
  34. ^Gaston Grimaud,My old Annonay, Decombe frères, Annonay, 1948, 48 pages(in French)
  35. ^Annonay Official website(in French)
  36. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000461 2 Statues: Adoring Angels(in French)
  37. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000460 Statue: Virgin and child(in French)
  38. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000449 Gallery Organ(in French)
  39. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000013 Gallery Organ Instrumental part(in French)
  40. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000448 Choir Organ(in French)
  41. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000012 Choir Organ Instrumental part(in French)
  42. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000011 2 Statues: Acolyte Angels(in French)
  43. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000010 2 Statues: Cherubs(in French)
  44. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000009 Bust-Reliquary: Saint John of the Cross(in French)
  45. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000008 Bust-Reliquary: Saint Peter of Alcantara(in French)
  46. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000472 Sideboard(in French)
  47. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000471 2 Apothecary Jars(in French)
  48. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000470 Venetian Wall lamp mirror(in French)
  49. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000469 Chest of Drawers with diamond corners(in French)
  50. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000468 Painting: Christ on the Cross(in French)
  51. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000467 Painting: The Martyrdom of Saint Sebastian(in French)
  52. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000466 Painting with gold frame: Pope Clement VI(in French)
  53. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000465 Painting with gold frame: Saint Jerome(in French)
  54. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000464 Painting with gold frame: Adoration of the Trinity(in French)
  55. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000459 24 Apothecary Jars(in French)
  56. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000026 Mortar and pestle(in French)
  57. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000025 Mortar and pestle with chopping block(in French)
  58. ^Ministry of Culture, MériméePA00116626 Chapel of the former Convent of Saint Mary(in French)
  59. ^Chapelle Saint Mary – Annonay(in French)
  60. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000463 Triptyche: 3 paintings of the life of Saint Francis Regis(in French)
  61. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000016 Retable(in French)
  62. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000015 Framed Painting: Raphael Sara and Tobie(in French)
  63. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000014 Wood panelling and Paintings(in French)
  64. ^The Chapel of Trachin at Annonay by Jean Ribon and Maurice Frappa(in French)
  65. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000462 Decorative ceiling painting(in French)
  66. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000020 Bust of Saint François-de-Sales(in French)
  67. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000019 Painting: the Nativity of the Virgin(in French)
  68. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000018 Painting: Saints Jacques and Philippe(in French)
  69. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000017 Statue: Virgin and child(in French)
  70. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000447 Gallery Organ(in French)
  71. ^Ministry of Culture, PalissyPM07000021 Gallery Organ Instrumental part(in French)
  72. ^Ministry of Culture, MériméePA00116625 Chapel of Saint-Clair(in French)
  73. ^Website dedicated to the occitan of the Annonay region in Ardèche(in French)
  74. ^The International Festival of Premier Films(in French)

References

[edit]

External links

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