Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani عبد الله بن جاسم آل ثاني
Emir of Qatar
Reign	1913–1949
Predecessor	Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani
Successor	Ali bin Abdullah
Born	11 February 1880 Doha, Qatar
Died	25 April 1957 (aged 77)
Burial	Al Rayyan Cemetery
Spouse	Maryam bint Abdullah Al Attiyah (first) Fatima bint Isa Al Thani (second)
Issue	Ali Hamad Hassan
House	Al Thani
Father	Jassim bin Mohammed
Religion	Sunni Islam

Abdullah bin Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani (Arabic:عبد الله بن جاسم بن محمد آل ثاني), also known as SheikhAbdullah bin Jassim Al Thani or SheikhAbdullah bin Qassim Al Thani, was theEmir of Qatar from 1913 to 1949.

Oil was discovered in Qatar for the first time during his rule.^[1][2][3]

Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani was born in 1880 in Doha, Qatar's capital city, to SheikhJassim bin Mohammed Al Thani. He had eighteen siblings, with him being the 5th eldest.

He came to the throne in 1913. Sheikh Abdullah abdicated in 1940 in favour of his second son, crown prince SheikhHamad bin Abdullah Al Thani. When Sheikh Hamad died eight years later, Sheikh Abdullah assumed office once again. He stayed in power until 1949, when he passed the reign to his eldest son, SheikhAli bin Abdullah Al Thani.^[4]

• Great Britain and theOttoman Empire recognised Sheikh Abdullah and his successors' right to rule over the whole of the Qatari Peninsula. The Ottomans renounced all their rights to Qatar and following the outbreak of the First World War; Sheikh Abdullah forced the Ottomans to abandon Doha on 19 August 1915.^[1]

• On 3 November 1916, Britain, to bring Qatar under its Trucial System of Administration, signed a treaty with Sheikh Abdullah. Sheikh Abdullah agreed not to enter into any relations with any other power without prior consent of the British Government andPercy Zachariah Cox, the Political Resident in thePersian Gulf, who signed the treaty on behalf of his government, guaranteed the protection of Qatar 'from all aggression by sea'.^[1]
• On 5 May 1935, Sheikh Abdullah obtained Britain's agreement for the protection of Qatar from inside as well as any attacks from external forces.^[1]

• In 1927, Sheikh Abdullah builtAl Koot Fort, also known as Doha Fort, in theAl Bidda neighbourhood, in the midst ofSouq Waqif, nearDoha Corniche, in Doha, the capital city and state of Qatar, to serve as a police station, at the same time, to protect the Souq Waqif from thieves.
• In 1938, Sheikh Abdullah builtAl Zubara Fort, in the town ofZubarah, in theAl Shamal municipality, on the northwestern coast of the Qatari peninsula, about 105 km (65 mi) from Doha.

• Following British recognition of Sheikh Hamad, the second son of Sheikh Abdullah as the Heir Apparent of Qatar,^[1][2][3] Sheikh Abdullah signed the first Oil Concession Agreement with theAnglo-Persian Oil Company on 17 May 1935. Drilling of the first well in Qatar began in October 1938 and the discovery of oil was made at theDukhan structure in January 1940. However, the oil wells were capped as the Second World War progressed.^[1]
• Sheikh Abdullah's last act as ruler was the signing of a Seabed Concession with Central Mining and Investment Corporation Ltd. on 5 August 1949. He died on 25 April 1957.^[1]

• On 30 June 1948, Sheikh Abdullah appointed Sheikh Ali Bin Abdullah Al-Thani as the Deputy Ruler of Qatar, following the death of Sheikh Hamad on 27 May 1948, and after abdicating for his eldest son.^[1][2][3]

Sheikh Abdullah's first wife was Sheikha Maryam bint Abdullah Al Attiyah. He had a second wife named Sheikha Fatima bint Isa Al Thani, who was a daughter of Sheikh Isa bin Thamer Al Thani, to whom he bore his third son, Sheikh Hassan bin Abdullah Al Thani.^{[citation needed]} In total, Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani had three sons.

• SheikhAli bin Abdullah Al Thani
• SheikhHamad bin Abdullah Al Thani
• Sheikh Hassan bin Abdullah Al Thani

In August 1949, Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani abdicated and appointed his eldest son as ruler of the Qatar Peninsula, immediately moving 8.0 km (5 mi) fromDoha to an oasis village to retire. He was said to be aging rapidly in body but was still mentally alert. His main complaint was a hardening orstiffening of the joints, or general paralysis of the body. Periodically, the American Mission doctors would treat the sheikh when able, and he also hired his own foreign doctors.^[5] He died on 25 April 1957 of natural causes.^[1][3]

• Al Koot Fort
• Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani
• Percy Cox
• Zubarah Fort

• Amiri Diwan
• Al Thani Family Tree
• Qatari Ministry of the Interior

• 1880 births
• 1957 deaths
• House of Thani
• Emirs of Qatar
• 20th-century Arab people
• 20th-century monarchs in the Middle East

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