Abdallah ibn Yasin عبد الله بن ياسين الجزولي التامنراتي | |
|---|---|
| Succeeded by | Sulaiman ibn Haddu |
| Personal life | |
| Born | |
| Died | 7 July 1059 |
| Resting place | Mausoleum of Moulay Abdallah in Krifla |
| Occupation | Religious leader Military leader |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| Jurisprudence | Maliki |
| Muslim leader | |
| Disciple of | Waggag ibn Zallu al-Lamti |
Influenced | |
ʿAbd Allāh ibn Yāsīn (Arabic:عبد الله بن ياسين; born in "Tamanart", died 7 July 1059 C.E. in "Krifla" nearRommani, present-dayMorocco)[1][2] was atheologian, spiritual leader and the founder of theAlmoravid movement.[3]
Abdallah ibn Yasin was from the tribe of theJazulah (pronounced Guezula), aSanhaja sub-tribe from theSous. His mother is Tin Izamarren of the Jazula tribe that lived in the village ofTamanart, where he was born[1][4] AMalikitheologian, he was a disciple ofWaggag ibn Zallu al-Lamti, a relative of his,[5] and studied in hisRibat, "Dar al-Murabitin" which was located in the village of Aglu, near present-dayTiznit. In 1046 theGudala chiefYahya Ibn Ibrahim, came to the Ribat asking for someone to promulgate Islamic religious teachings amongst theBerber of the Adrar (present-dayMauritania) and Waggag ibn Zallu chose to send Abdallah ibn Yasin with him. TheSanhaja were at this stage only superficially Islamicised and still clung to many heathen practices, and so Ibn Yasin preached to them an orthodoxSunnism.
After a revolt of theGodala he was forced to withdraw with his followers. In alliance withYahya ibn Umar, the leader of theLamtuna tribe, he managed to quell the rebellion.
Ibn Yasin now formed the Almoravid alliance from the tribes of the Lamtuna, theMasufa and the Godala, with himself as spiritual leader and Yahya ibn Umar taking the military command. In 1054 theMaghrawa-ruledSijilmasa was conquered. Ibn Yasin introduced his orthodox rule - amongst other things wine and music were forbidden, non-Islamic taxes were abolished and one fifth of the spoils of war were allocated to the religious experts. This rigorous application of Islam soon provoked a revolt in 1055.
Yahya ibn Umar was killed in 1056 in a renewed revolt of the Gudala in the Sahara, upon which Ibn Yasin appointed Yahya's brotherAbu-Bakr Ibn-Umar (1056–1087) the new military leader. Abu Bakr destroyed Sijilmasa, but was not able to force the Gudala back into the Almoravid league. He went on to capture Sūs and its capitalAghmat (near modernMarrakech) in 1058.
Ibn Yasin died while attempting to subjugate theBarghawata on theAtlantic coast in 1059. He was replaced bySulaiman ibn Haddu, who, killed in turn, would not be replaced.[6] His grave is almost due south ofRabat, nearRommani, overlooking the Krifla River, and is marked onMichelin maps as themarabout of Sidi Abdallah.[7] A mosque and a mausoleum were built on his grave, and the site is still intact today.
| Preceded by Creators of the almoravid movement | Almoravid (first withYahya ibn Ibrahim then withYahya ibn Umar at last withAbu Bakr ibn Umar) 1040–1059 | Succeeded by |
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
