| T-5 Brave Eagle | |
|---|---|
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| A1 Prototype | |
| Role | Advanced jet trainer/ light attack Type of aircraft |
| National origin | Taiwan |
| Manufacturer | Aerospace Industrial Development Corporation |
| Designer | Aerospace Industrial Development Corporation andNational Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology |
| First flight | June 10, 2020[1][2] |
| Introduction | 2021[3] |
| Status | In service |
| Primary user | Republic of China Air Force |
| Produced | 2020-Present |
| Number built | 4 prototypes and 43 serials (March 2025)[4] |
| Developed from | AIDC F-CK-1 Ching-kuo |
TheAIDC T-5 Brave Eagle (Chinese:勇鷹;pinyin:Yǒngyīng) is a Taiwanesetransonic advancedjet trainer and light attack aircraft developed by theAerospace Industrial Development Corporation (AIDC).
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The Advanced Jet Trainer Program (AJT) began in the early 2000s as theRepublic of China Air Force sought a replacement for its fleet ofAIDC AT-3 andNorthrop F-5 advanced trainers with 66 newly built aircraft. Three designs were proposed, a modernized, upgraded version of AT-3 branded as the AT-3 MAX, an evolution of theAIDC F-CK-1 Ching-Kuo combat aircraft to be called the XAT-5, or the ItalianAlenia Aermacchi M-346 Master.[5] In 2014 AIDC signed a memorandum of understanding with Alenia Aermacchi to assemble the M-346 in Taiwan. The engines of all M-346 are assembled in Taiwan byInternational Turbine Engine Company (ITEC), a joint partnership ofHoneywell and AIDC.[6] The MOD also evaluated the South KoreanKAI T-50 Golden Eagle aircraft.[7]
In 2017 it was announced that the XAT-5 had won the tender with development and production to be undertaken by a partnership of AIDC and theNational Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology with delivery scheduled to begin in 2026. Four prototypes are to be produced and the total program cost is projected to be TWD68.6 billion (US$2.2 billion).[8]
AIDC had used Blue Magpie, for theTaiwan blue magpie, as the project name. However in 2018 theMinistry of National Defense announced a contest to pick an official name for the aircraft. Taiwanese citizens were invited to submit a name with a short proposal with the winner receiving a NTD 30,000 prize.[9] On 24 September 2019, the presidentTsai Ing-wen officially named the new aircraft "Brave Eagle" (Yǒngyīng) during first prototype aircraft roll-out ceremony.[10][11]
In 2017, the United States approved the export of components for 132Honeywell/ITEC F124 engines for the XAT/AT-5.[12] In 2018, AIDC announced that the first prototype would be rolled out in September 2019 with flight tests to start in June 2020.[13] In 2019 Taiwan’s Ministry of National Defense testified to the country’s legislature that the maiden flight is scheduled for June 2020, small scale production is to start in November 2021, and mass production is scheduled to commence March 2023.[14]
In September 2019 A1, the first of four prototypes, was rolled out by Taiwanese PresidentTsai Ing-wen.[15]
In March 2021 AIDC announced that they had completed internal flight tests and that testing of the two prototypes and the two initial aircraft due to be delivered by the end of the year would be conducted by the Taiwanese Air Force from then on.[16] A number of internal and operational test flights were completed in July 2021 from Taitung Air Base with some operations occurring over the Pacific Ocean.[17]
The first production model T-5 had its first flight on October 21, 2021.[18] The first production model has the serial number 11003.[19]
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The design is based on theAIDC F-CK-1 Ching-kuo and shares the same engines, but has 80% new components including a composite body. Compared to the F-CK-1, it will have more advanced avionics, increased fuel capacity, and will be a little larger.[20] The aerofoil is slightly revised, with the wings being thicker than on the F-CK-1[21] in order to increase stability at low speed and low altitude, as well as to provide increased fuel storage.[15] The ram air scoop of the F-CK-1 has been redesigned in partnership with theEaton Corporation with two aluminiumlaser powder bed fusion printed parts replacing 22 original parts.[22]Meggitt will supply the main wheels, carbon brakes and brake control systems as they do on the AT-3 and F-CK-1.[23]Martin-Baker will provide theejection seat systems.[24] More than 55% of its components are made in Taiwan. It has been reported that the aircraft was designed from the beginning to serve dual peacetime training and wartime combat roles.[25]
NCSIST is developing an airborneAESA radar for the T-5 Brave Eagle but private Taiwanese firm Tron Future Tech has also bid theirgallium nitride based AESA for the program.[26] In 2019 it was announced that Pyras Technology would supply the radar and communications antennas for the platform.[15]
In 2019Jane's reported that alight fighter AT-5 variant was planned to replace the Northrop F-5E/F Tiger II fleet.[27]
On 15 February 2025, the T-5 was involved in its first aviation incident. Both engines failed, and the sole occupant parachuted to safety as the aircraft crashed into the sea five nautical miles fromTaitung City. The ROCAF grounded the T-5 fleet and began an investigation as pilot Lin Wei was treated atMackay Memorial Hospital's Taitung Branch.[28] Retired Lieutenant General Chang Yen-ting and Shu Hsiao-huang, an associate research fellow at theInstitute for National Defense and Security Research, opined that a broken fan blade from one of the plane's engines striking the other could have caused both engines to fail.[29] The plane'sflight data recorder was recovered in March.[30]
Data from Airforce technology.[31][citation needed]
General characteristics
Performance
Armament
Related development
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
