Ohio was admitted as a state, having previously been a portion of theNorthwest Territory. The exact date is unclear and in dispute, but it is undisputed that it was during this Congress. The official date when Ohio became a state was not set until 1953, when the83rd U.S. Congress passed legislation retrospectively designating the date of the first meeting of theOhio state legislature, March 1, 1803, as that date. However, on April 30, 1802, the 7th U.S. Congress had passed an act "authorizing the inhabitants of Ohio to form a Constitution and state government, and admission of Ohio into the Union." (Sess. 1, ch. 40, 2 Stat.173) On February 19, 1803, the same Congress passed an act "providing for the execution of the laws of the United States in the State of Ohio." (Sess. 2, ch. 7, 2 Stat.201) TheBiographical Directory of the United States Congress states that Ohio was admitted to the Union on November 29, 1802, and counts its seats as vacant from that date.
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
The Federalists still controlled the Senate when they held a two-day special Senate session in March 1801, which was called by outgoing President John Adams so that the Senate could provide advice to the new President Thomas Jefferson,[1][2] but by the time Congress began its first regular session in December 1801 to start official business, the Democratic-Republicans had gained Senate control.
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below areSenate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1802; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1804; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1806.
The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on thegeneral ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "At-large," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.
^abClass 2 Rhode Island senatorRay Greene (F) resigned March 5, 1801, andChristopher Ellery (DR) was elected, then was seated on May 6, 1801 to continue that term.
^abCharles Pinckney (DR) resigned June 6, 1801, after being appointed Minister to Spain. His successorThomas Sumter (DR) was elected, then was seated on December 15, 1801.
^abSamuel Livermore(F) resigned June 12, 1801. His successorSimeon Olcott (F) was elected, then was seated on June 17, 1801.
^abPeter Muhlenberg (DR) resigned June 30, 1801. His successorGeorge Logan (DR) was appointed July 13, 1801, and then elected December 17, 1801.
^abElijah Paine (F) resigned September 1, 1801. His successorStephen R. Bradley (DR) was elected, and then was seated on October 1, 1801.
^William Hindman (F) resigned November 19, 1801. His successorRobert Wright (DR) was elected and seated that same day.
^abJames Sheafe (F) resigned June 14, 1802. His successorWilliam Plumer (F) was elected, then was seated June 17, 1802.
^abJohn E. Colhoun (DR) died October 26, 1802. His successorPierce Butler (DR) was elected, then was seated November 4, 1802.
^Ohio was admitted to the Union on November 29, 1802. These two Ohio senate seats would remain vacant for the remainder of this Congress and for the beginning part of the next Congress.
^Dwight Foster (F) resigned March 2, 1803. His seat remained vacant for the remainder of Congress.
^ab When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.
^The official date when Ohio became a state was not set until 1953, when the83rd U.S. Congress passed legislation retrospectively designating the date of the first meeting of theOhio state legislature, March 1, 1803, as that date. However, on April 30, 1802, the 7th U.S. Congress had passed an act "authorizing the inhabitants of Ohio to form a Constitution and state government, and admission of Ohio into the Union." (Sess. 1, ch. 40, 2 Stat.173) On February 19, 1803, the same Congress passed an act "providing for the execution of the laws of the United States in the State of Ohio." (Sess. 2, ch. 7, 2 Stat.201) TheBiographical Directory of the United States Congress states that Ohio was admitted to the Union on November 29, 1802, and counts its seats as vacant from that date.
^abPennsylvania's 4th district was a plural district with two representatives.
