Circles of latitude
Following arecircles of latitude between the 15th parallel north and the 20th parallel north :
16th parallel north [ edit ] The16th parallel north is acircle of latitude that is 16degrees north of theEarth's equatorial plane . It crossesAfrica ,Asia , theIndian Ocean , thePacific Ocean ,Central America , theCaribbean , and theAtlantic Ocean .
At this latitude thesun is visible for 13 hours, 5 minutes during thesummer solstice and 11 hours, 11 minutes during thewinter solstice .[ 1]
AfterWorld War II , the parallel dividedVietnam intoChinese military administration in the north and theBritish in the south (SeeTimeline of World War II (1945) andWar in Vietnam (1945-1946) ).
In theChadian–Libyan conflict , from 1984 the parallel, known as the "Red Line", delineated areas controlled by opposing combatants. Previously the Red Line had been the15th parallel north . (See alsoOperation Manta .)
Starting at thePrime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 16° north passes through:
17th parallel north [ edit ] The17th parallel north is acircle of latitude that is 17degrees north of theEarth's equatorial plane . It crossesAfrica ,Asia , theIndian Ocean , thePacific Ocean ,Central America , theCaribbean , and theAtlantic Ocean . The parallel is particularly significant in the history ofVietnam .
At this latitude thesun is visible for 13 hours, 9 minutes during thesummer solstice and 11 hours, 7 minutes during thewinter solstice .[ 2]
TheSeventeenth parallel (Vietnamese :vĩ tuyến 17 ) was the provisional military demarcation line betweenNorth andSouth Vietnam established by theGeneva Accords of 1954 . The demarcation line did not exactly coincide with the 17th parallel but ran south of it, approximately along theBến Hải River inQuảng Trị Province to the village of Bo Ho Su and from there due west to theLaos –Vietnam border.
In 1976 the demarcation line was made irrelevant as Vietnam was unified following the withdrawal of American forces and the surrender of the South Vietnamese government.
Starting at thePrime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 17° north passes through:
18th parallel north [ edit ] Circle of latitude
The18th parallel north is acircle of latitude that is 18degrees north of theEarth's equatorial plane . It crossesAfrica ,Asia , theIndian Ocean , thePacific Ocean ,Central America , theCaribbean , and theAtlantic Ocean .
At this latitude thesun is visible for 13 hours, 13 minutes during thesummer solstice and 11 hours, 3 minutes during thewinter solstice .[ 3]
Starting at thePrime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 18° north passes through:
Coordinates Country, territory or sea Notes 18°0′N 0°0′E / 18.000°N 0.000°E /18.000; 0.000 (Prime Meridian ) Mali 18°0′N 4°14′E / 18.000°N 4.233°E /18.000; 4.233 (Niger ) Niger 18°0′N 15°33′E / 18.000°N 15.550°E /18.000; 15.550 (Chad ) Chad 18°0′N 24°0′E / 18.000°N 24.000°E /18.000; 24.000 (Sudan ) Sudan 18°0′N 38°34′E / 18.000°N 38.567°E /18.000; 38.567 (Eritrea ) Eritrea For about 1 km 18°0′N 38°34′E / 18.000°N 38.567°E /18.000; 38.567 (Red Sea ) Indian Ocean Red Sea 18°0′N 41°38′E / 18.000°N 41.633°E /18.000; 41.633 (Saudi Arabia ) Saudi Arabia 18°0′N 48°7′E / 18.000°N 48.117°E /18.000; 48.117 (Yemen ) Yemen 18°0′N 52°28′E / 18.000°N 52.467°E /18.000; 52.467 (Oman ) Oman 18°0′N 56°24′E / 18.000°N 56.400°E /18.000; 56.400 (Indian Ocean ) Indian Ocean Arabian Sea 18°0′N 73°1′E / 18.000°N 73.017°E /18.000; 73.017 (India ) India Maharashtra Karnataka Andhra Pradesh Chhattisgarh Orissa Telangana 18°0′N 83°34′E / 18.000°N 83.567°E /18.000; 83.567 (Indian Ocean ) Indian Ocean Bay of Bengal 18°0′N 94°28′E / 18.000°N 94.467°E /18.000; 94.467 (Myanmar ) Myanmar (Burma)18°0′N 97°44′E / 18.000°N 97.733°E /18.000; 97.733 (Thailand ) Thailand 18°0′N 101°1′E / 18.000°N 101.017°E /18.000; 101.017 (Laos ) Laos 18°0′N 101°45′E / 18.000°N 101.750°E /18.000; 101.750 (Thailand ) Thailand 18°0′N 102°24′E / 18.000°N 102.400°E /18.000; 102.400 (Laos ) Laos Passing just north ofVientiane 18°0′N 103°3′E / 18.000°N 103.050°E /18.000; 103.050 (Thailand ) Thailand 18°0′N 104°12′E / 18.000°N 104.200°E /18.000; 104.200 (Laos ) Laos 18°0′N 105°37′E / 18.000°N 105.617°E /18.000; 105.617 (Vietnam ) Vietnam 18°0′N 106°28′E / 18.000°N 106.467°E /18.000; 106.467 (South China Sea ) Pacific Ocean Passing just south of the island ofHainan , People's Republic of China ,South China Sea 18°0′N 120°30′E / 18.000°N 120.500°E /18.000; 120.500 (Philippines ) Philippines Island ofLuzon 18°0′N 122°11′E / 18.000°N 122.183°E /18.000; 122.183 (Pacific Ocean ) Pacific Ocean Philippine Sea Passing just south ofPagan Island , Northern Mariana Islands into an unnamed part of the Ocean18°0′N 102°27′W / 18.000°N 102.450°W /18.000; -102.450 (Mexico ) Mexico 18°0′N 88°46′W / 18.000°N 88.767°W /18.000; -88.767 (Belize ) Belize 18°0′N 88°8′W / 18.000°N 88.133°W /18.000; -88.133 (Chetumal Bay ) Atlantic Ocean Chetumal Bay 18°0′N 87°58′W / 18.000°N 87.967°W /18.000; -87.967 (Belize ) Belize Ambergris Caye 18°0′N 87°55′W / 18.000°N 87.917°W /18.000; -87.917 (Caribbean Sea ) Atlantic Ocean Caribbean Sea 18°0′N 77°50′W / 18.000°N 77.833°W /18.000; -77.833 (Jamaica ) Jamaica Passing throughKingston 18°0′N 76°15′W / 18.000°N 76.250°W /18.000; -76.250 (Caribbean Sea ) Atlantic Ocean Passing just south of theTiburon Peninsula , Haiti ,Caribbean Sea 18°0′N 71°42′W / 18.000°N 71.700°W /18.000; -71.700 (Dominican Republic ) Dominican Republic 18°0′N 71°9′W / 18.000°N 71.150°W /18.000; -71.150 (Caribbean Sea ) Atlantic Ocean Caribbean Sea Passing just south ofSaona Island , Dominican Republic Passing just south ofIsla Mona , Puerto Rico 18°0′N 67°12′W / 18.000°N 67.200°W /18.000; -67.200 (Puerto Rico ) Puerto Rico 18°0′N 65°52′W / 18.000°N 65.867°W /18.000; -65.867 (Caribbean Sea ) Atlantic Ocean Caribbean Sea Passing just south ofIsla de Vieques , Puerto Rico Passing between the islands ofSt. Thomas andSt. Croix , United States Virgin Islands Passing just south of Sint Maarten 18°0′N 63°0′W / 18.000°N 63.000°W /18.000; -63.000 (Atlantic Ocean ) Atlantic Ocean Passing just north of Saint Barthélemy 18°0′N 16°1′W / 18.000°N 16.017°W /18.000; -16.017 (Mauritania ) Mauritania Passing just south ofNouakchott 18°0′N 5°46′W / 18.000°N 5.767°W /18.000; -5.767 (Mali ) Mali
19th parallel north [ edit ] The19th parallel north is acircle of latitude that is 19degrees north of theEarth's equatorial plane . It crossesAfrica ,Asia , theIndian Ocean , thePacific Ocean ,North America , theCaribbean , and theAtlantic Ocean .
At this latitude thesun is visible for 13 hours, 17 minutes during thesummer solstice and 10 hours, 59 minutes during thewinter solstice .[ 4]
Starting at thePrime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 19° north passes through:
Coordinates Country, territory or sea Notes 19°0′N 0°0′E / 19.000°N 0.000°E /19.000; 0.000 (Prime Meridian ) Mali 19°0′N 3°16′E / 19.000°N 3.267°E /19.000; 3.267 (Algeria ) Algeria 19°0′N 3°32′E / 19.000°N 3.533°E /19.000; 3.533 (Mali ) Mali 19°0′N 4°14′E / 19.000°N 4.233°E /19.000; 4.233 (Niger ) Niger 19°0′N 15°38′E / 19.000°N 15.633°E /19.000; 15.633 (Chad ) Chad 19°0′N 24°0′E / 19.000°N 24.000°E /19.000; 24.000 (Sudan ) Sudan 19°0′N 37°24′E / 19.000°N 37.400°E /19.000; 37.400 (Red Sea ) Indian Ocean Red Sea 19°0′N 41°9′E / 19.000°N 41.150°E /19.000; 41.150 (Saudi Arabia ) Saudi Arabia The parallel touches on the northernmost point of Yemen at the border with Oman 19°0′N 52°0′E / 19.000°N 52.000°E /19.000; 52.000 (Oman ) Oman 19°0′N 57°50′E / 19.000°N 57.833°E /19.000; 57.833 (Indian Ocean ) Indian Ocean Arabian Sea 19°0′N 72°49′E / 19.000°N 72.817°E /19.000; 72.817 (India ) India Maharashtra - passing throughMumbai Telangana Andhra Pradesh Chhattisgarh Orissa 19°0′N 84°43′E / 19.000°N 84.717°E /19.000; 84.717 (Indian Ocean ) Indian Ocean Bay of Bengal 19°0′N 93°43′E / 19.000°N 93.717°E /19.000; 93.717 (Myanmar ) Myanmar (Burma)19°0′N 97°44′E / 19.000°N 97.733°E /19.000; 97.733 (Thailand ) Thailand 19°0′N 101°19′E / 19.000°N 101.317°E /19.000; 101.317 (Laos ) Laos 19°0′N 104°26′E / 19.000°N 104.433°E /19.000; 104.433 (Vietnam ) Vietnam For about 5 km 19°0′N 104°29′E / 19.000°N 104.483°E /19.000; 104.483 (Laos ) Laos For about 2 km 19°0′N 104°30′E / 19.000°N 104.500°E /19.000; 104.500 (Vietnam ) Vietnam 19°0′N 105°37′E / 19.000°N 105.617°E /19.000; 105.617 (South China Sea ) Pacific Ocean Gulf of Tonkin ,South China Sea 19°0′N 108°39′E / 19.000°N 108.650°E /19.000; 108.650 (People's Republic of China ) People's Republic of China Island ofHainan 19°0′N 110°31′E / 19.000°N 110.517°E /19.000; 110.517 (South China Sea ) Pacific Ocean Passing betweenDalupiri Island andFuga Island , Philippines ,South China Sea 19°0′N 121°54′E / 19.000°N 121.900°E /19.000; 121.900 (Philippines ) Philippines Camiguin Island 19°0′N 121°57′E / 19.000°N 121.950°E /19.000; 121.950 (Pacific Ocean ) Pacific Ocean Philippine Sea Passing just north ofAgrihan island, Northern Mariana Islands into an unnamed part of the Ocean Passing just south ofWake Island , United States Minor Outlying Islands 19°0′N 155°47′W / 19.000°N 155.783°W /19.000; -155.783 (United States ) United States Hawaii island ,Hawaii 19°0′N 155°35′W / 19.000°N 155.583°W /19.000; -155.583 (Pacific Ocean ) Pacific Ocean 19°0′N 112°4′W / 19.000°N 112.067°W /19.000; -112.067 (Mexico ) Mexico Roca Partida ,Revillagigedo Islands 19°0′N 112°3′W / 19.000°N 112.050°W /19.000; -112.050 (Pacific Ocean ) Pacific Ocean Passing just north ofSocorro Island ,Revillagigedo Islands , Mexico 19°0′N 104°17′W / 19.000°N 104.283°W /19.000; -104.283 (Mexico ) Mexico 19°0′N 95°58′W / 19.000°N 95.967°W /19.000; -95.967 (Gulf of Mexico ) Atlantic Ocean Bay of Campeche ,Gulf of Mexico 19°0′N 91°11′W / 19.000°N 91.183°W /19.000; -91.183 (Mexico ) Mexico Yucatán Peninsula 19°0′N 87°36′W / 19.000°N 87.600°W /19.000; -87.600 (Caribbean Sea ) Atlantic Ocean Caribbean Sea Passing just north ofGonâve Island , Haiti 19°0′N 72°45′W / 19.000°N 72.750°W /19.000; -72.750 (Haiti ) Haiti 19°0′N 70°40′W / 19.000°N 70.667°W /19.000; -70.667 (Dominican Republic ) Dominican Republic 19°0′N 68°52′W / 19.000°N 68.867°W /19.000; -68.867 (Atlantic Ocean ) Atlantic Ocean Passing just north ofAnegada island, British Virgin Islands 19°0′N 16°13′W / 19.000°N 16.217°W /19.000; -16.217 (Mauritania ) Mauritania 19°0′N 5°53′W / 19.000°N 5.883°W /19.000; -5.883 (Mali ) Mali
20th parallel north [ edit ] InAfrica , the parallel defines part of the border betweenLibya andSudan . The20th parallel north is acircle of latitude that is 20degrees north of theEarth's equatorial plane . It crossesAfrica ,Asia , theIndian Ocean , thePacific Ocean ,North America , theCaribbean , and theAtlantic Ocean .
The parallel defines part of theborder betweenLibya andSudan .[ 5] Within Sudan it defines the border between theNorthern andNorth Darfur states.
At this latitude thesun is visible for 13 hours, 21 minutes during thesummer solstice and 10 hours, 55 minutes during thewinter solstice .[ 6]
On 21 June, the maximum altitude of the sun is 93.44 degrees and 46.56 degrees on 21 December. In this case an angle larger than 90° means that the culmination takes place at a maximum altitude of 86.56 degrees in the opposite cardinal direction. In the northern torrid zone, the Sun remains in the south during winter, but can reach over the zenith to the north in midsummer.
Starting at thePrime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 20° north passes through: