| Æon Flux | |
|---|---|
 Cover of the 2005 DVD box set | |
| Genre | |
| Created by | Peter Chung |
| Voices of | |
| Composer | Drew Neumann |
| Country of origin |
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| Original languages |
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| No. of seasons | 3 |
| No. of episodes | 21(list of episodes) |
| Production | |
| Executive producers |
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| Producer | Catherine Winder |
| Running time |
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| Production companies | |
| Original release | |
| Network | MTV |
| Release | November 30, 1991 (1991-11-30) – October 10, 1995 (1995-10-10) |
| Related | |
| Liquid Television | |
Æon Flux (/ˌiːɒnˈflʌks/), an Americanavant-garde science-fiction adventure animated television series, aired onMTV from November 30, 1991 until October 10, 1995, with a later film, comic-book and video-game adaptations.[2] It premiered on MTV'sLiquid Television experimental animation show as a six-partserial, followed in 1992 by five individual short episodes.[3] In 1995, a season of ten half-hour episodes aired as a stand-alone series.[4]Æon Flux was created by American animatorPeter Chung.[5] Each episode's plot has elements ofsocial science fiction,biopunk,dystopian fiction,spy fiction,psychological drama, postmodern and psychedelic imagery, andGnostic symbolism.
The live-action movieÆon Flux, loosely based upon the series and starringCharlize Theron, was released in theaters on December 2, 2005, preceded in November of that year by a tie-invideo game of the same name – based mostly on the movie but containing some elements of the original television series.
Æon Flux is set in a surrealGerman Expressionist-style future. The setting depicts a bizarredystopia populated by mutant creatures, clones and robots, set within twocity-states (Monica and Bregna) separated by a border wall in an otherwise barren earth-like world. The title character is a scantily claddominatrix/secret agent from Monica — skilled in espionage, assassination and acrobatics. She infiltrates and sabotages installations in Bregna (/ˈbrɛnjə/), which is led by her sworn enemy, and sometime lover,Trevor Goodchild — thetechnocratic dictator of Bregna, whose citizens are called Breens. The two nations engage in a futile, never-ending war for ideological supremacy. Monica is portrayed as ananarchistic orlibertarian society where there is absolute freedom and individualism. Bregna is shown as atotalitarian regime and anOrwellian police state with an oppressed society under constantsurveillance, rules and regulations. Themes of tragic/forbidden love run throughout the series; Trevor has everything, but what he truly wants is Æon, and Æon can accomplish anything she wants except settling down with Trevor.
Guest cast:
Additional voices:
Some authors consider the title a reference to theGnostic notion of anAeon, noting the influence in the use of ademiurge in one episode,[6] and that the relationship between the main characters parallels theValentinian notion of asyzygy.[7] Peter Chung, the creator, says the main character's name "started out just being the name of the cartoon and then eventually it stuck, so that's her name." The character Æon Flux was not meant to be part of the series, but MTV pushed to keep her in it, despite Æon dying at the end of the first batch of shorts. Chung intended the cartoon to be a reaction to heroic Hollywood action films, not as a spoof, but rather as a way to make the audience wonder about the wider context of these action heroes and evoke thought.[8]Æon Flux is therefore notable as the first Americanadult animated series to be a drama rather than a comedy.[citation needed]
One peculiarity of the early shorts is the violent death of Æon Flux, which occurs in each installment. According to the commentary by Peter Chung in the 2005 DVD release, she dies in every short episode after the initial six-part pilot because he never intended to make more episodes and felt the best solution was to have her keep dying; by contrast, she only "dies" once in the half-hour series. Often her death is caused by fate, while other times she dies due to her own incompetence. One of the half-hour episodes, "A Last Time for Everything", ends with the original Æon being killed and replaced by an identicalclone. (In the episode "Chronophasia", Æon is apparently killed repeatedly by a monstrous baby, but the reality of these events is ambiguous. In "Ether Drift Theory", Æon is suspended indefinitely in an inanimate state, but remains technically alive.)
Chung describes the style of the show as "academic": "I was interested in experimenting with visual narrative, telling a story without dialogue and also trying to create a style of telling a story with animation that wasn't influenced by the usual kinds of things that you see."[8]Æon Flux depicts graphicviolence andsexuality, includingfetishism anddomination. The featuretteInvestigation: The History of Æon Flux (included on the 2005DVD release) notes that Peter Chung had worked onRugrats prior toÆon Flux, and had become extremely frustrated by the limitations of the characters. Chung says the visual style was influenced byHergé,ligne claire,Egon Schiele, andMoebius.
With the exceptions of the exclamation "No!" in the pilot and the single word "plop" in the episode "Leisure", all of the short episodes are completely devoid of intelligiblespeech. Instead, the sound track employs a variety of sound effects, including sounds such as laughter, grunts, and sighs. It would not be until the beginning of Season 3 that dialogue would be used much more extensively.
The music and sound design for the original television series was created byDrew Neumann, who also created music forAaahh!!! Real Monsters andThe Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy. Peter Stone (ofXorcist) served as assistant sound editor for the original MTV series.
The music was later released onCD byKlasky Csupo's record label, Tone Casualties, titledEye Spy – Ears Only: Confidential. The initials "AF" were used on song titles and in the credits to replace the words "Æon Flux" due to the lack of licensing permissions from MTV. The album includes two discs worth of material from the series as well as the canceled original (1995) video game.[9]
An abbreviated edition of the album's first disc, titledÆon Flux: Music from the Animated Series, was included as a bonus with the 2005 DVD set atBest Buy. This edition included 11 pieces of score, with dialogue snippets featuring Æon and Trevor interspersed as standalone tracks.[10]
Neumann self-released an expanded, remastered version of the album, retitledEye Spy: Declassified, Freedom of Information Act, as a digital download in 2010, with new artwork by Peter Chung and a previously unreleased third volume of music.[11] This edition was reissued byWaxwork Records onvinyl,digital download, andstreaming on February 17, 2023, and on CD the following April, asÆon Flux: Original Soundtrack.[12][13]
Asoundtrack to the live action film was composed byGraeme Revell.[14]
MTV was the exclusive broadcaster of the series in the United States. In Canada, the shorts aired onMuchMusic and the third season aired a year or so later on the youth-oriented networkYTV, in a late-night timeslot, during a period when the network was trying to appeal to an older audience. In Australia and New Zealand, during the early to mid-1990s, theLiquid Television shorts and the first series were shown on the programEat Carpet onSBS television. InSoutheast Asia the third season was broadcast in 1996 via theMTV Southeast Asia channel, which at the time was free to anyone with a satellite dish. In the UK,MTV first showed the shorts and the 30-minute episodes from 1992. In the mid-1990s, theBBC showed theLiquid Television shorts, which included all of theÆon Flux shorts.Locomotion played the third season repeatedly, between 1998–1999 and 2002–2003, inSpanish andPortuguese forLatin America. The series was also aired on Norwegian channelNRK2, a sister channel to state channelNRK, alongsideThe Maxx,Phantom 2040, andThe Head in the late 1990s.Teletoon Detour also aired it withThe Maxx.
In the lead-up to the 2006 international release ofÆon Flux onDVD and the live-action movie, MTV UK replayed the third season ofÆon Flux from October to November in 2005. The episodes were played at 2 a.m. on weeknights.MTV Australia followed with replays of the third season beginning in December 2005, scheduled at 1 a.m. on weeknights. The episodes were titledÆon Flux Animation, and they were not played in the original order from 1995.
As of 2009, MTV2 showsÆon Flux shorts as a part of the blockMTV2 Legit. During January and February 2011,Æon Flux was aired once again inEl Salvador onVH1, in English language with Spanish subtitles. The half-hour episodes once again resurfaced onMTV Classic in 2016, shortly before that station switched to an all-video format.
| Release date | Format | Title | Contents |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1996 (1996) | VHS | Æon Flux |
|
| 1997 (1997) | DVD | ||
| 1997 (1997) | VHS | Æon Flux: Mission Infinite |
|
| 1998 (1998) | VHS | Æon Flux: Operative Terminus |
|
| 1998 (1998) | 3×VHS | Æon Flux: Complete | Box set of previous VHS releases |
| November 22, 2005 (2005-11-22) | 3×DVD | Æon Flux: The Complete Animated Collection | All shorts and episodes indirector's cut form |
| January 22, 2008 (2008-1-22) | 2×UMD |
The series was issued across threeVHS tapes between 1996 and 1998, which were later collected in abox set. Some of the shorts also appeared on aBest of Liquid Television compilation.
The first VHS volume was issued on DVD in 1997.[15]
The complete series was collected in a 3-DVD set on November 22, 2005. These DVDs featured newdirector's cuts of several episodes, with added special effects, and in a few cases, new dialogue intended to improve character continuity between episodes. Among the many changes to the dialogue in the DVD release, the voice of the character Clavius in the episode "Utopia or Deuteranopia", originally recorded by voice actor Joseph Drelich, was re-recorded by series executive producerJaphet Asher.[16]
The DVD set includes two featurettes and audio commentary on several episodes. It also features a promotional video for the movie's tie-in video game, in the narrative style of theLiquid Television shorts but animated inCGI. The short sees Æon (with Theron's likeness) on a mission, killing many Breen soldiers while pursuing some small, insect-like robots. Like the original shorts, it ends with Æon's accidental death.
The set was released, with reduced special features, onUMD for thePlayStation Portable in January 2008.
Reviewing the 2005 DVD release,IGN gave the series 9 out of 10, while giving the whole package (shorts, extras and general condition included) a 7 out of 10.[17]
CyberpunkReview.com gave the series a glowing review, saying the series was "one of the really creative shows to come out of United States Television. This show validates the purpose of cable TV—we get to see talented folks like Peter Chung let loose their creative energies to produce something truly unique."[18]
Nina Munteanu ofEuropa SF reviewed and compared both the movie and the series; she said that while the movie sacrificed character development in pursuit of a coherent story, the series chose the path of deep characters and themes. She summed up by saying, "While the film's moralistic tale resonated and lingered like a muse's long forgotten poem, the subversive kick of the comic [sic] series (which I thankfully saw later) struck deep chords and left me breathless with questions."[7]
AnÆon FluxHollywood adaptation, which was released in the United States on December 2, 2005, starringCharlize Theron, provoked controversy amongÆon Flux fans over initial reports that the film adaptation seemed to bear little resemblance to the original full-length animated series or theLiquid Television shorts, as no one involved with the original television series had a role in the making of the film. While it does take a number of major liberties with the character and concept of the series (such as making the character of Una into Æon's sister and giving Trevor a previously-unmentioned brother who plays a major role), the film also incorporates characters, themes, gadgets, and even specific scenes as featured in the television version, most notably a reenactment of the television show's most iconic image: Æon trapping a fly in her eyelashes. This minor detail was not nearly enough to avoid having the movie become a critical andbox office flop.
The creator ofÆon Flux, Peter Chung, gave an interview to the "Monican Spies" community onLiveJournal in 2006. He was asked many questions about Æon Flux and heruniverse, including how he really felt about the movie. Chung called the movie "atravesty", relating that its public screening made him feel "helpless, humiliated, and sad". He described his primary objection to the film as being its portrayal of the Æon and Trevor characters and their re-imagined history and relationship. Chung went on to state, "Ms. Flux does not actually appear in the movie."[19]
A "graphic novel" calledÆon Flux: The Herodotus File, which actually consisted of an assortment of false documents from the world ofÆon Flux and a short story-board-style sequence described as "security camera footage" rather than a comic strip story, was published in 1995.[20] In it, authors Mark Mars and Eric Singer provided vague explanations of some of the show's setting andbackstory, including how Trevor and Æon met. One hint suggested in the series, and confirmed by Mars and Singer in the graphic novel, is the character'sfoot fetish modeling; it is suggested that she augments her income posing barefoot for magazines devoted to the fetish. The graphic novel fell out of print in the years that followed the show's conclusion, but it was temporarily re-issued in 2005, with new cover art, to tie in with the movie.[21]
As another tie-in to the movie,Dark Horse Comics published a four-issuecomic bookmini-series, collected as atrade paperback[22] and written and drawn by Mike Kennedy and Timothy Green III, who based their work upon the film versions of theÆon Flux characters. Although the characters and situations were based on the newer movie versions, the penciling technique deliberately emulated Peter Chung's unique style from the TV series.
Though not directly connected to the series, a live-action/animatedDiet Pepsi commercial titled "Something Wrong?" was directed by Peter Chung and starredMalcolm McDowell as a Trevor Goodchild-like character andCindy Crawford as an Æon Flux-like character. It was made forSuper Bowl XXX in 1996, but was pulled and later aired for broadcast exclusive to MTV. "Something Wrong?" is available online atYouTube.[23]
To coincide with the release of the 2005 film,Majesco Entertainment and developerTerminal Reality released avideo game adaptation onXbox andPlayStation 2. While primarily based on the film, elements from both the movie and the television series are included, as the game sets out to be something of acanonical link between the two, although the Æon character in the game is modeled only after Theron and is also voiced by her.
A game based on the original animated series was announced on April 9, 1996 for thePlayStation. The game, which was loosely based on "The Demiurge" episode, was being developed byCryo Interactive and published byViacom New Media. The game first made an appearance atE3 that same year, withÆon Flux creatorPeter Chung on hand to promote it,[24] and commercial advertising was even included in the 1996VHS release of the animated series. A developer build of it was leaked, and pictures of this build can be found on various websites.
Viacom New Media would merge withVirgin Interactive midway through the game's development. The merger ultimately led to the cancellation of Viacom's in-development games, leaving Cryo without the rights to use theÆon Flux property.[25] In mid-1997, theÆon Flux video game rights were acquired byGT Interactive.[26] The game's assets were then reworked into the 1997 titlePax Corpus after being stripped of all copyrighted association withÆon Flux.Pax Corpus does retain obvious similarities to the original animated series, e.g. parts of the plot are similar to the episode "The Demiurge" and the female protagonist wears a purple and black outfit.
Another failed attempt would be made byThe Collective some time around the year 2000, and was to be published byGT Interactive. It was using a then-current version of theUnreal Engine, and appeared to be a 3D third-person action title similar to The Collective's previous title,Star Trek: Deep Space Nine: The Fallen. At some point during development, the game was cancelled and the project vanished, leaving only a few work-in-progress screenshots as evidence of its existence.[27][28]
In June 2018, it was reported that a live-action television reboot is in works at MTV withJeff Davis andGale Anne Hurd as executive producers.[29] In September 2021, it was reported that a live-action television reboot is in works atParamount+, under a new overall deal that Davis has signed withMTV Entertainment Studios. Davis will serve as showrunner and direct the pilot.[30] In early 2023, Davis reported the first two episodes had been written, which he planned to direct.[31]
Aeon Flux has a serious Gnostic bent. The ancient mystery religion is where they got the concepts of aeons and the demiurge, amongst other things.
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