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12 Oct 2006 - 15 Jan 2026

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About this capture

COLLECTED BY

Organization:Archive Team

Formed in 2009, the Archive Team (not to be confused with the archive.org Archive-It Team) is a rogue archivist collective dedicated to saving copies of rapidly dying or deleted websites for the sake of history and digital heritage. The group is 100% composed of volunteers and interested parties, and has expanded into a large amount of related projects for saving online and digital history.

History is littered with hundreds of conflicts over the future of a community, group, location or business that were "resolved" when one of the parties stepped ahead and destroyed what was there. With the original point of contention destroyed, the debates would fall to the wayside. Archive Team believes that by duplicated condemned data, the conversation and debate can continue, as well as the richness and insight gained by keeping the materials. Our projects have ranged in size from a single volunteer downloading the data to a small-but-critical site, to over 100 volunteers stepping forward to acquire terabytes of user-created data to save for future generations.

The main site for Archive Team is atarchiveteam.org and contains up to the date information on various projects, manifestos, plans and walkthroughs.

This collection contains the output of many Archive Team projects, both ongoing and completed. Thanks to the generous providing of disk space by the Internet Archive, multi-terabyte datasets can be made available, as well as in use by theWayback Machine, providing a path back to lost websites and work.

Our collection has grown to the point of having sub-collections for the type of data we acquire. If you are seeking to browse the contents of these collections, the Wayback Machine is the best first stop. Otherwise, you are free to dig into the stacks to see what you may find.

The Archive Team Panic Downloads are full pulldowns of currently extant websites, meant to serve as emergency backups for needed sites that are in danger of closing, or which will be missed dearly if suddenly lost due to hard drive crashes or server failures.

Collection:ArchiveBot: The Archive Team Crowdsourced Crawler

ArchiveBot is an IRC bot designed to automate the archival of smaller websites (e.g. up to a few hundred thousand URLs). You give it a URL to start at, and it grabs all content under that URL, records it in a WARC, and then uploads that WARC to ArchiveTeam servers for eventual injection into the Internet Archive (or other archive sites).

To use ArchiveBot, drop by #archivebot on EFNet. To interact with ArchiveBot, you issue commands by typing it into the channel. Note you will need channel operator permissions in order to issue archiving jobs. The dashboard shows the sites being downloaded currently.

There is a dashboard running for the archivebot process athttp://www.archivebot.com.

ArchiveBot's source code can be found athttps://github.com/ArchiveTeam/ArchiveBot.

TIMESTAMPS

This short article discusses the integrated circuits in the Apollo manned lunar landing program.
The Apollo program played an integral part in helping establish the world market for ICs.

It was only as recently as September 1958 that the first IC was invented by Jack Kilby ( of Texas Instruments ). This first IC , however ,had external wire connections - a severe drawback for mass production purposes. However, in 1959, Robert Noyce (Fairchild Semiconductors and later founder of Intel ) refined the process by inventing the monolithic circuit - putting all components on a chip of silicon and connecting them with copper lines that were printed on an oxide layer. Thus the microchip was born.

It took until 1961 before the first practical commercial IC - called a NOR Gate ( comprising three transistors and a load impedance into a TO-5 'can' with 6 connection legs) - was developed and marketed. However, sales were extremely slow in those early months. On 25th May 1961 ,President Kennedy announced that America would put a man on the Moon and return him safely to Earth before the end of the 1960's decade. This program became known as Project Apollo and was totally successful when - on the 20th July 1969 - the Apollo-11 lunar module carrying Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed safely on the Moon. They returned safely to Earth in their Apollo command module a few days later - with their lunar orbiting companion Mike Collins .

To achieve this historic goal many new technologies were required and one of these was a small, lightweight guidance and navigation unit that could process complex trajectory equations and issue guidance commands to the Apollo spacecraft in real-time during the flight. This required a computer called the Apollo Guidance Computer (AGC) - to process ,analyse and act quickly upon the rapidly changing data produced during a manned lunar mission. In August 1961 the American space agency, NASA , awarded the very first Project Apollo contract to Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( MIT) to develop the AGC guidance unit for Apollo .