American Journal of Psychiatry

Volume 148, Issue 5

May 1991

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May 1991

Organic unity theory: the mind-body problem revisited

Pages:553–563
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.553

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The purpose of this essay is to delineate the conceptual framework for psychiatry as an integrated and integrative science that unites the mental and the physical. Four basic philosophical perspectives concerning the relationship between mind and body are ...

May 1991

Comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with conduct, depressive, anxiety, and other disorders

Pages:564–577
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.564

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OBJECTIVE: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a heterogeneous disorder of unknown etiology. Little is known about the comorbidity of this disorder with disorders other than conduct. Therefore, the authors made a systematic search of the ...

May 1991

The psychological sequelae of therapeutic abortion--denied and completed

Pages:578–585
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.578

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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to review the available literature on the psychological sequelae of therapeutic abortion, addressing both the issue of the effects of the abortion on the woman involved and the effects on the woman and on the ...

May 1991

Suicide and guilt as manifestations of PTSD in Vietnam combat veterans

Pages:586–591
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.586

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OBJECTIVE: Although studies have suggested a disproportionate rate of suicide among war veterans, particularly those with postservice psychiatric illness, there has been little systematic examination of the underlying reasons. This study aimed to identify ...

May 1991

Posttraumatic stress disorder after a school shooting: effects of symptom threshold selection and diagnosis by DSM-III, DSM-III-R, or proposed DSM-IV

Pages:592–597
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.592

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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of symptom threshold and criteria set selections on the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults and children exposed to a man-made disaster and determine how well DSM-...

May 1991

The assessment and treatment of performance anxiety in musicians

Pages:598–605
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.598

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OBJECTIVE: Performance anxiety in musicians may be severe enough to require intervention but has been the subject of relatively little clinical research. The authors' objectives were to describe the results of a comprehensive clinical and laboratory ...

May 1991

European versus U.S. data on the course of schizophrenia

Pages:606–611
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.606

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OBJECTIVE: The present research attempts to add to the existing body of data on the course of schizophrenia by comparing the findings of a prospective study of a group of U.S. schizophrenic patients with data from two European studies. METHOD: Seventy-...

May 1991

A family study of DSM-III-R schizoaffective disorder, depressive type, compared with schizophrenia and psychotic and nonpsychotic major depression

Pages:612–616
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.612

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OBJECTIVE: To assess the validity of DSM-III-R schizoaffective disorder, the authors explored the morbid risks for schizophrenia and major affective disorders in the first-degree relatives of patients with schizoaffective disorder and relevant other ...

May 1991

Cortical magnetic resonance imaging changes in elderly inpatients with major depression

Pages:617–620
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.617

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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to determine if magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of elderly depressed patients differ from MRI scans of age-matched control subjects and age-matched patients with Alzheimer's disease. METHOD: The authors ...

May 1991

Changes in brain glucose metabolism in cocaine dependence and withdrawal

Pages:621–626
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.621

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OBJECTIVE: The authors investigated changes in brain function associated with cocaine dependence and withdrawal to provide clues regarding the processes that lead to the uncontrollable self- administration of cocaine. METHOD: They measured regional brain ...

May 1991

Comparison of acetorphan with clonidine for opiate withdrawal symptoms

Pages:627–629
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.627

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OBJECTIVE AND METHOD: The authors compared the effects of acetorphan, an enkephalinase inhibitor, with those of clonidine for the treatment of the opioid withdrawal syndrome. Nineteen patients addicted to heroin or synthetic opiates who were undergoing ...

May 1991

Outcomes for cocaine abusers after once-a-week psychosocial therapy

Pages:630–635
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.630

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OBJECTIVE: The authors studied the efficacy of once-weekly psychotherapy, family therapy, or group therapy led by paraprofessionals among patients with cocaine use disorders. METHOD: Of subjects who sought outpatient treatment, 168 consented to ...

May 1991

Risk factors for needle sharing among methadone-treated patients

Pages:636–640
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.636

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OBJECTIVE: This paper examines the sociodemographic and psychiatric characteristics of patients taking methadone who continue to share needles. METHOD: Three hundred twenty-three patients were recruited from four methadone programs. Data were collected by ...

May 1991

Implications of self-reported cognitive and motor dysfunction in HIV- positive patients

Pages:641–643
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.641

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OBJECTIVE: The authors examined HIV-positive subjects to determine the relationship of patient complaints of cognitive and motor dysfunction to psychiatric status and performance on established cognitive and motor function tests. METHOD: HIV-positive ...

May 1991

Expenditures for psychotropic medications in the United States in 1985

Pages:644–647
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.644

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OBJECTIVE: Psychotropic medications have seldom been included in estimates of the costs of mental health services. In the infrequent case that these costs have been assessed, they have been estimated by using national surveys of consumers of health ...

May 1991

Parents' emotional neglect and overprotection according to the recollections of patients with borderline personality disorder [published erratum appears in Am J Psychiatry 1991 Sep;148(9):1282]

Pages:648–651
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.648

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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to test clinical hypotheses about the role of emotional neglect and overprotection in the childhood of patients with borderline personality disorder. METHOD: The subjects were male and female borderline (N = 62) ...

May 1991

Kleptomania: a report of 20 cases

Pages:652–657
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.652

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OBJECTIVE: The authors' objective was to provide phenomenologic, family history, and treatment response data on a group of rigorously diagnosed patients with kleptomania. METHOD: Twenty consecutive inpatients and outpatients met DSM-III-R criteria for ...

May 1991

Hypnotically induced auditory hallucinations and the mouth-opening maneuver: a failure to duplicate findings

Pages:658–660
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.658

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OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to replicate the part of a study by Bick and Kinsbourne in which hypnotically induced auditory hallucinations in normal volunteer subjects were abolished by requiring the subjects to open their mouths. METHODS: Sixty-four ...

May 1991

Not all that moves is tardive dyskinesia

Pages:661–666
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.661

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OBJECTIVE: Because tardive dyskinesia and spontaneous dyskinesia appear the same, it is difficult to determine whether an individual patient's abnormal movements are induced by medication or have developed spontaneously. Therefore, estimates of the ...

May 1991

Imipramine treatment of methadone maintenance patients with affective disorder and illicit drug use

Pages:667–669
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.667

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Of 17 consecutive patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment who had primary or chronic depression, nine (53%) improved in both mood and drug abuse after imipramine treatment. This finding suggests a potential for helping such dual-diagnosis ...