OBJECTIVE: Molecular genetic approaches provide a novel method of dissecting the heterogeneity of psychotropic drug response. These pharmacogenetic strategies offer the prospect of identifying biological predictors of psychotropic drug response and could ...

May 2004

Proxy and Surrogate Consent in Geriatric Neuropsychiatric Research: Update and Recommendations

Pages:797–806
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.797

Preview Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The ethics of involving decisionally incapable adults in research will continue to grow in importance as more research is conducted to address the problems of decisionally impaired persons, especially elderly persons. The authors provide an ...

Introspections

May 2004

Pater Familias

William Houghton,M.D.

Pages:807–808
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.807

Images in Psychiatry

May 2004

Virginia Woolf (1882–1941)

Katherine Dalsimer,Ph.D.

Page:809
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.809

Article

May 2004

Randomized, Controlled Trial of the Effectiveness of Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy and Cognitive Therapy for Cluster C Personality Disorders

Martin Svartberg,M.D., Ph.D.,
Tore C. Stiles,Ph.D., and
Michael H. Seltzer,Ph.D.

Pages:810–817
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.810

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OBJECTIVE: This study compared the effectiveness of short-term dynamic psychotherapy and cognitive therapy for outpatients with cluster C personality disorders. METHOD: Patients (N=50) who met the criteria for one or more cluster C personality disorders ...

May 2004

A PET Study of Dopamine D₂ and Serotonin 5-HT₂ Receptor Occupancy in Patients With Schizophrenia Treated With Therapeutic Doses of Ziprasidone

David Mamo,M.D., M.Sc., F.R.C.P.(C),
Shitij Kapur,M.D., Ph.D., F.R.C.P.(C),
C. M. Shammi,M.D., F.R.C.P.(C),
George Papatheodorou,M.D., F.R.C.P.(C),
Steve Mann,B.A.,
François Therrien,Pharm.D., and
Gary Remington,M.D., Ph.D., F.R.C.P.(C)

Pages:818–825
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.818

Preview Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Ziprasidone is an atypical antipsychotic drug that shows a higher affinity for serotonin 5-HT₂ receptors compared with dopamine D₂ receptors in vitro. The affinity of ziprasidone for these receptors in vivo in patients was examined in a ...

May 2004

Serotonin Transporter Occupancy of Five Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors at Different Doses: An [¹¹C]DASB Positron Emission Tomography Study

Pages:826–835
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.826

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OBJECTIVE: Minimum therapeutic doses of paroxetine and citalopram produce 80% occupancy for the serotonin (5-HT) transporter (5-HTT). The authors used [¹¹C]DASB positron emission tomography to measure occupancies of three other selective serotonin ...

May 2004

A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Sertraline for Prophylactic Treatment of Highly Recurrent Major Depressive Disorder

Jean-Pierre Lépine,M.D.,
Vincent Caillard,M.D.,
Jean-Claude Bisserbe,M.D.,
Sylvie Troy,M.D.,
Jean-Michel Hotton,M.D.,
Patrice Boyer,M.D., and
For the PREVERS Investigators

Pages:836–842
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.836

Preview Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Previous antidepressant maintenance trials have used the same medication from acute through maintenance phases, confounding the interpretation of prophylactic effects. The purpose of this study was to determine whether sertraline prevents the ...

May 2004

Neuropathological Substrates of Psychiatric Symptoms in Prospectively Studied Patients With Autopsy-Confirmed Dementia With Lewy Bodies

Clive G. Ballard,M.R.C.Psych., M.D.,
Robin Jacoby,F.R.C.Psych., D.M.,
Teodoro Del Ser,M.D.,
M. Nadeem Khan,Ph.D.,
David G. Munoz,M.D., F.R.C.P.(C), F.R.C.Path.,
Clive Holmes,M.R.C.Psych., Ph.D.,
Zsuzanna Nagy,M.D., D.Phil.,
Elaine K. Perry,Ph.D.,
Catherine Joachim,M.D.,
Evelyn Jaros,Ph.D.,
John T. O’Brien,F.R.C.Psych., D.M.,
Robert H. Perry,F.R.C.Path., and
Ian G. McKeith,F.R.C.Psych., M.D.

Pages:843–849
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.843

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OBJECTIVE: This investigation was undertaken to clarify the neuropathological substrates of key psychiatric symptoms in dementia with Lewy bodies. METHOD: The authors studied 112 autopsy-confirmed cases of dementia with Lewy bodies in patients who had had ...

May 2004

Sustained Benefit of Supportive Intervention for Depressive Symptoms in Caregivers of Patients With Alzheimer’s Disease

Pages:850–856
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.850

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OBJECTIVE: The long-term effect of counseling and support on symptoms of depression was examined in spouse-caregivers of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. METHOD: The participants were 406 spouse-caregivers of Alzheimer’s disease patients who lived at ...

May 2004

Extent and Cost of Informal Caregiving for Older Americans With Symptoms of Depression

Pages:857–863
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.857

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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to obtain nationally representative estimates of the additional time and cost associated with informal caregiving for older Americans with depressive symptoms. METHOD: Data from the 1993 Asset and Health Dynamics ...

May 2004

Racial Differences in Paranoid Ideation and Psychoses in an Older Urban Population

Pages:864–871
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.864

Preview Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This study examined whether there are racial differences in the prevalence of paranoid ideation and psychotic symptoms in persons age ≥55 in an urban community. METHOD: Using 1990 census data for Brooklyn, N.Y., the authors attempted to ...

May 2004

Selective Attention in Schizophrenia: Sparing and Loss of Executive Control

Daniel H. Mathalon,Ph.D., M.D.,
Theda Heinks,Dipl.Psych., and
Judith M. Ford,Ph.D.

Pages:872–881
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.872

Preview Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Auditory selective attention involves top-down modulation of sensory processing to selectively filter relevant from irrelevant information. Patients with schizophrenia have deficits in auditory selective attention, but whether these attention ...

May 2004

Glial Cell Loss in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex, a Subregion of the Prefrontal Cortex, in Subjects With Schizophrenia

Anette K. Stark,M.D.,
Harry B.M. Uylings,Prof., M.D., Ph.D.,
Ernesto Sanz-Arigita,M.D., Ph.D., and
Bente Pakkenberg,M.D., Dr.Med.Sci.

Pages:882–888
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.882

Preview Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Structural deficits in the anterior cingulate cortex such as changes in glial cell and neuron numbers may be part of the anatomical substrate for schizophrenia and need to be investigated. The total number of neurons and glial cells in brains ...

May 2004

Elevated Maternal Interleukin-8 Levels and Risk of Schizophrenia in Adult Offspring

Pages:889–895
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.889

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OBJECTIVE: Many studies have implicated prenatal infection in the etiology of schizophrenia. Cytokines, a family of soluble polypeptides, are critically important in the immune response to infection and in other inflammatory processes. The goal of this ...

May 2004

Abnormalities of Thalamic Volume and Shape in Schizophrenia

Pages:896–902
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.896

Preview Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Postmortem and neuroimaging studies of schizophrenia have reported deficits in the volume of the thalamus and its component nuclei. However, the pattern of shape change associated with such volume loss has not been investigated. In this study, ...

May 2004

Risk for Cancer in Parents of Patients With Schizophrenia

Susanne Oksbjerg Dalton,M.D., Ph.D.,
Thomas Munk Laursen,M.Sci.,
Lene Mellemkjær,M.Sci., Ph.D.,
Christoffer Johansen,M.D., Ph.D., and
Preben Bo Mortensen,M.D., Dr.Med.Sci.

Pages:903–908
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.903

Preview Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This study attempted to determine whether a genetic protection against cancer might be manifest in parents of offspring with schizophrenia. METHOD: Using data from the Danish Central Population Registry, the authors identified 1,999,072 parents ...

Brief Report

May 2004

Toward a Rapidly Acting Antidepressant: The Normetanephrine and Extraneuronal Monoamine Transporter (Uptake 2) Hypothesis

Joseph J. Schildkraut,M.D., and
John J. Mooney,M.D.

Pages:909–911
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.909

Preview Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The authors considered the possible role of the extraneuronal monoamine transporter (uptake 2) in accounting for the delay in clinical action of norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor antidepressant drugs. METHOD: Literature searches were performed ...

May 2004

Depression and HIV Risk Behaviors Among Patients in a Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic

Pages:912–914
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.912

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OBJECTIVE: The authors’ goal was to investigate the relationship between depression and HIV risk behaviors or sexually transmitted disease (STD) diagnosis at an urban STD clinic. METHOD: Using audio computer-assisted self-interview, 671 STD clinic ...

May 2004

Early-Stage Face Processing Dysfunction in Patients With Schizophrenia

Pages:915–917
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.915

Preview Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Deficits in emotional processing are evident in patients with schizophrenia. Since recent studies have indicated dysfunctions in cortical areas involved in face processing, this study investigated the early processing of faces in schizophrenia ...

May 2004

Growth and Sexual Maturation During Long-Term Treatment With Risperidone

Fiona Dunbar,M.B., B.Ch.,
Vivek Kusumakar,M.D.,
Denis Daneman,M.B., B.Ch., F.R.C.P.C., and
Miklos Schulz,Ph.D.

Pages:918–920
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.918

Preview Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the impact of risperidone on growth and sexual maturation. METHOD: The pooled database of five studies included 700 children ages 5–15 years with disruptive behavior disorders. All evaluable patients had received risperidone ...

May 2004

Obstetric Adversity and Age at First Presentation With Schizophrenia: Evidence of a Dose-Response Relationship

Brendan D. Kelly,M.R.C.Psych.,
Larkin Feeney,M.R.C.P.I.,
Eadbhard O’Callaghan,F.R.C.Psych.,
Roy Browne,M.R.C.Psych.,
Majella Byrne,Ph.D.,
Niamh Mulryan,M.R.C.Psych.,
Ann Scully,M.R.C.Psych.,
Mary Morris,B.Sc.,
Anthony Kinsella,M.Sc.,
Noriyoshi Takei,Ph.D.,
Thomas McNeil,Ph.D.,
Dermot Walsh,F.R.C.P.I., and
Conall Larkin,F.R.C.Psych.

Pages:920–922
Published Online:1 May 2004

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.920

Preview Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to determine if a dose-response relationship exists between obstetric adversity and age at first presentation with schizophrenia. METHOD: The Dublin Psychiatric Case Register was used to identify subjects with ...