American Journal of Psychiatry

Volume 151, Issue 11

November 1994

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November 1994

Dysthymia in community and clinical samples of older adults

Pages:1567–1569
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1567

November 1994

Images in neuroscience. In vivo visualization of the cortical surface

Page:1570
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1570

November 1994

Lyme disease: a neuropsychiatric illness

Pages:1571–1583
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1571

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OBJECTIVE: Lyme disease is a multisystemic illness that can affect the central nervous system (CNS), causing neurologic and psychiatric symptoms. The goal of this article is to familiarize psychiatrists with this spirochetal illness. METHOD: Relevant ...

November 1994

Restraint and seclusion: a review of the literature

Pages:1584–1591
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1584

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OBJECTIVE: The author reviewed the literature published since 1972 concerning restraint and seclusion. METHOD: The review began with a computerized literature search. Further sources were located through citations from articles identified in the original ...

November 1994

Is dysthymia a different disorder in the elderly?

Pages:1592–1599
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1592

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OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated elderly dysthymic patients in a late life depression clinic and compared their clinical features to previous findings in young adult dysthymic patients. METHOD: Of 224 consecutive elderly outpatients, 40 (17.9%) met ...

November 1994

Association of age, sex, cognitive dysfunction, and disability with major depressive symptoms in an elderly sample

Pages:1600–1604
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1600

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OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have yielded conflicting results regarding the association of age, sex, and cognitive deficit with depression in the elderly. However, there is agreement about a relationship between depressive symptoms and disability. The ...

November 1994

Sources of individual differences in depressive symptoms: analysis of two samples of twins and their families

Pages:1605–1614
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1605

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OBJECTIVE: Self-reported symptoms of depression are commonly used in mental health research to assess current psychiatric state, yet wide variation in these symptoms among individuals has been found in both clinical and epidemiologic populations. The ...

November 1994

Polysomnographic studies of unmedicated depressed men before and after cognitive behavioral therapy

Pages:1615–1622
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1615

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OBJECTIVE: Differentiation of stable, trait-like characteristics from more episodic or state-dependent disturbances will be helpful in gaining a better understanding of the pathophysiology of depression. However, research in this area has been complicated ...

November 1994

Further studies on platelet serotonin transporter binding in depression

Pages:1623–1625
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1623

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OBJECTIVE: There is an impressive literature implicating abnormalities in serotonergic neural systems in depression. Many investigators, but not all, have reported low numbers of platelet and brain serotonin (5- HT) transporter sites in drug-free ...

November 1994

Neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to intravenous m- chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) in depressed patients and healthy comparison subjects

Pages:1626–1630
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1626

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OBJECTIVE: This double-blind study was undertaken to compare central serotonergic function in depressed patients and healthy comparison subjects by examining neuroendocrine and mood responses to intravenous infusion of the serotonin agonist m-...

November 1994

The effect of depression treatment on elderly patients' preferences for life-sustaining medical therapy

Pages:1631–1636
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1631

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OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken 1) to test the hypothesis that remission of depression results in an increase in desire for life- sustaining medical therapy and 2) to characterize patients whose desire for life-sustaining treatment increases ...

November 1994

Cardiovascular morbidity in high-risk patients during ECT

Pages:1637–1641
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1637

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OBJECTIVE: Cardiovascular events are the principal cause of medical morbidity in patients receiving ECT. To assess the risks of ECT for individuals with preexisting cardiovascular disease, the authors examined medical complications in older patients ...

November 1994

Antidepressant-associated mania: a controlled comparison with spontaneous mania

Pages:1642–1645
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1642

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OBJECTIVE: Antidepressants have been associated with the induction of mania and rapid cycling. This study examined whether antidepressant- associated manic states differ in any way from spontaneous mania. METHOD: Forty-nine consecutive inpatients with ...

November 1994

Clinical symptoms associated with age at onset in Alzheimer's disease

Pages:1646–1649
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1646

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between age at onset of Alzheimer's disease and demographic and clinical characteristics in a large cohort of patients with Alzheimer's disease. METHOD: The subjects were 104 patients meeting ...

November 1994

Mental illness and creative activity in female writers

Pages:1650–1656
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1650

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OBJECTIVE: This study addressed three questions. Are female writers more likely to suffer from mental illness than members of a matched comparison group? If so, does a familial basis exist for their psychopathology and creativity? What factors predict ...

November 1994

Use of ECT in the United States in 1975, 1980, and 1986

Pages:1657–1661
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1657

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OBJECTIVE: The objective was to analyze nationally representative data from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) to update trends in the use of ECT in the United States. METHOD: The data are estimates from the NIMH Sample Survey Program for 1975,...

November 1994

Psychopathology in male and female intravenous drug users with and without HIV infection

Pages:1662–1668
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1662

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OBJECTIVE: The authors report on results of systematic clinical assessment of psychopathology among HIV-positive and HIV-negative intravenous drug users. METHOD: As part of a multidisciplinary baseline assessment, 147 male (85 HIV-positive and 62 HIV-...

November 1994

Typology of patient-patient assaults detected by videocameras

Pages:1669–1672
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1669

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OBJECTIVE: Previous studies of inpatient assault have relied on reports by ward staff, data from which are often incomplete. The authors observed patient-patient assaults with videocameras, obtaining previously unavailable data. In this article they ...

November 1994

DSM-IV field trials for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents

Pages:1673–1685
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1673

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OBJECTIVE: Optimal diagnostic thresholds were determined for DSM-IV attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and the psychometric properties were compared to alternative definitions. METHOD: Structured diagnostic interviews of multiple informants for 380 ...

Article

November 1994

Hughlings Jackson

MICHAEL R. TRIMBLE

Page:1686
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1686

November 1994

Hopelessness in suicide attempters after acute treatment of major depression in late life

Pages:1687–1690
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1687

Preview Abstract

The relation between hopelessness and suicide attempts in the elderly was examined by studying the course of hopelessness in depressed patients. Sixty-three elderly patients with recurrent major depression were treated with nortriptyline and interpersonal ...

November 1994

Low lumbar bone mineral density in patients with major depression

Pages:1691–1693
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1691

Preview Abstract

Major depression is associated with hypercorticoidism, a risk factor for osteoporosis. However, it is unknown whether depressive disorders are associated with alterations in bone mineral density. The authors measured the density of trabecular bone from ...

November 1994

Effects of low-dose TRH on cognitive deficits in the ECT postictal state

Pages:1694–1696
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1694

Preview Abstract

A low dose (0.5 mg) of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), a short- acting tripeptide with known analeptic properties, was administered to eight depressed patients 5 minutes after ECT session 3 or 4 in a double- blind, placebo-controlled crossover ...

November 1994

Panic disorder in patients attending a clinic for vestibular disorders

Pages:1697–1700
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1697

Preview Abstract

In a study of the prevalence of panic and other anxiety disorders in persons with complaints of dizziness, 87 patients referred to a clinic for vestibular disorders completed self-rating measures of anxiety and depression; 32 also underwent a structured ...

November 1994

Central serotonergic hyperresponsivity in late-onset Alzheimer's disease

Pages:1701–1703
Published Online:1 April 2006

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.151.11.1701

Preview Abstract

The prolactin response to oral d-fenfluramine (30 mg) was measured in nine patients with late-onset Alzheimer's disease and in an elderly comparison group. The serotonin-mediated prolactin response was significantly greater in the patients with Alzheimer'...