At a time of strong biological emphasis in psychiatry, it is important to emphasize that relationships with important others may play a crucial role in individual outcome. Psychoanalytic theories in the form of object relations, self psychology, and ...

Regular Article

May 1998

Anticipation of Age at Onset in Panic Disorder

Pages:590–595
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.590

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OBJECTIVE: Anticipation (i.e., the decrease in age at onset or the increase in severity of a disorder in successive generations) has recently been reappraised as a key to understanding the genetics of some familial illnesses. The purpose of this study was ...

May 1998

Is the Course of Panic Disorder the Same in Women and Men?

Pages:596–602
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.596

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OBJECTIVE: Panic disorder with or without agoraphobia has a chronic relapsing course. Factors associated with poor outcome include early onset of illness and phobic avoidance. Several, but not all, authors have found a worse clinical course for women. ...

May 1998

Comparison of Aerobic Exercise, Clomipramine, and Placebo in the Treatment of Panic Disorder

Pages:603–609
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.603

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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the therapeutic effect of exercise for patients with panic disorder to a drug treatment of proven efficacy and to placebo. METHOD: Forty-six outpatients suffering from moderate to severe panic disorder ...

May 1998

Effect of Flumazenil in Lactate-Sensitive Patients With Panic Disorder

Pages:610–612
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.610

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OBJECTIVE: Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist that has been reported to provoke panic attacks in patients with panic disorder. This study was undertaken to compare the effects of flumazenil and sodium lactate, the most widely studied panic ...

May 1998

Social Phobia Subtypes in the National Comorbidity Survey

Pages:613–619
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.613

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OBJECTIVE: This article presents epidemiologic data on the distinction between social phobia characterized by pure speaking fears and that characterized by other social fears. METHOD: The data come from the National Comorbidity Survey (N=8,098). Social ...

May 1998

Acute Stress Disorder as a Predictor of Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms

Pages:620–624
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.620

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OBJECTIVE: Using the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for acute stress disorder, the authors examined whether the acute psychological effects of being a bystander to violence involving mass shootings in an office building predicted later posttraumatic stress ...

May 1998

Relationship Between Acute Stress Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Richard A. Bryant,Ph.D., and
Allison G. Harvey,Ph.D.

Pages:625–629
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.625

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to index the frequency of occurrence of acute stress disorder following mild traumatic brain injury and to determine its utility in predicting posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHOD: Consecutive adult patients ...

May 1998

Prospective Study of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Following Trauma

Pages:630–637
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.630

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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the onset, overlap, and course of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression following traumatic events. METHOD: The occurrence of PTSD and major depression and the ...

May 1998

Lithium Maintenance Treatment of Depression and Mania in Bipolar I and Bipolar II Disorders

Pages:638–645
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.638

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OBJECTIVE: Effects of long-term lithium treatment for depressive and manic phases of type I and type II bipolar disorders were compared. METHOD: Clinical research records of 317 patients with DSM-IV-defined bipolar disorder (188 with type I and 129 with ...

May 1998

12-Month Outcome of Patients With Bipolar Disorder Following Hospitalization for a Manic or Mixed Episode

Pages:646–652
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.646

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OBJECTIVE: The authors studied the 12-month course of illness following hospitalization for a manic or mixed episode of bipolar disorder to identify potential outcome predictors. METHOD: They recruited 134 patients with DSM-III-R bipolar disorder who were ...

May 1998

30-Month Stability of Personality Disorder Diagnoses in Depressed Outpatients

Pages:653–659
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.653

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OBJECTIVE: This study examined the 30-month stability of axis II conditions. METHOD: One hundred eight depressed outpatients received comprehensive, semistructured personality disorder assessments at baseline and at follow-up. RESULTS: The diagnostic ...

May 1998

Cardiovascular Effects of Fluoxetine in Depressed Patients With Heart Disease

Pages:660–665
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.660

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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the cardiovascular effects of fluoxetine in depressed patients with cardiac disease. METHOD: Twenty-seven depressed patients (26% of whom were female and whose average age was 73 years) who had ...

May 1998

Dynamics of ECT Normalization of Low G Protein Function and Immunoreactivity in Mononuclear Leukocytes of Patients With Major Depression

Pages:666–671
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.666

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OBJECTIVE: Heterotrimeric G proteins were previously implicated in the biochemical mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology and treatment of mood disorders. Low function and immunoreactivity of G proteins were observed in patients with major depression. ...

May 1998

IQ Decline During Childhood and Adult Psychotic Symptoms in a Community Sample: A 19-Year Longitudinal Study

William S. Kremen,Ph.D.,
Stephen L. Buka,Sc.D.,
Larry J. Seidman,Ph.D.,
Jill M. Goldstein,Ph.D.,
Danny Koren,Ph.D., and
Ming T. Tsuang,M.D., Ph.D., D.Sc.

Pages:672–677
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.672

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OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to examine cognitive antecedents of psychosis by determining whether variability in IQ during childhood was predictive of psychotic symptoms in adulthood. METHOD: Deviant responder analyses were used to examine ...

May 1998

Progressive Reduction of Temporal Lobe Structures in Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia

Pages:678–685
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.678

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OBJECTIVE: A previous cross-sectional study of brain morphology in childhood-onset schizophrenia indicated sparing of the temporal lobes from processes reducing total cerebral volume in this population. In the present study, subjects with childhood-onset ...

Clinical Case Conference

May 1998

Integrating Pharmacotherapy and Psychotherapy in the Treatment of a Bipolar Patient

Carl Salzman,M.D.

Pages:686–688
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.686

Images in Psychiatry

May 1998

Stella Chess, M.D.

Page:689
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.689

Brief Report

May 1998

Serum Sertraline andN-Desmethylsertraline Levels in Breast-Feeding Mother-Infant Pairs

Pages:690–692
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.690

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OBJECTIVE: The authors' goal was to study the serum sertraline levels of breast-feeding mothers and their infants. METHOD: They obtained serum levels of sertraline and N-desmethylsertraline in nine mother-infant pairs. RESULTS: Sertraline levels were very ...

May 1998

Effectiveness and Tolerability of Tomoxetine in Adults With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Pages:693–695
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.693

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OBJECTIVE: The authors assessed the experimental noradrenergic compound tomoxetine as an alternative treatment for adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHOD: They conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study of ...

May 1998

Clinical Characteristics of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in African American Children

Pages:696–698
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.696

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OBJECTIVE: The authors' goal was to explore the nature of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in African American children, which has received scant attention by psychiatric researchers. METHOD: Subjects were 19 African American children with ...

May 1998

Association of Elevated α₁-Antichymotrypsin With Cognitive Impairment in a Prospective Study of the Very Old

Pages:698–700
Published Online:1 May 1998

https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.5.698

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OBJECTIVE: The authors investigated the relationships between concentrations of two acute-phase proteins, α₁-antichymotrypsin (ACT) and α₂-macroglobulin (MAC), and cognitive impairment in the very old. METHOD: Concentrations of ACT and MAC were determined ...