Altamira y Crevea, RafaelHistoria de España y de la civilización española. Tomo I. Barcelona, 1900. Altamira was a professor at the University of Oviedo, a member of the Royal Academy of History, of theGeographic Society of Lisbon and of the Instituto de Coimbra. (bằng tiếng Tây Ban Nha)
Aznar, José Camón,Las artes y los pueblos de la España primitiva. Editorial Espasa Calpe, S.A. Madrid, 1954. Camón was a professor at the University of Madrid. (bằng tiếng Tây Ban Nha)
Bosch Gimpera, Pedro;Aguado Bleye, Pedro; and Ferrandis, José.Historia de España. España romana, I, created under the direction of Ramón Menéndez Pidal. Editorial Espasa-Calpe S.A., Madrid 1935. (bằng tiếng Tây Ban Nha)
García y Bellido, Antonio,España y los españoles hace dos mil años (según la Geografía de Estrabón). Colección Austral de Espasa Calpe S.A., Madrid 1945 (first edition 8-XI-1945). García y Bellido was an archeologist and a professor at the University of Madrid. (bằng tiếng Tây Ban Nha)
Mattoso, José (dir.),História de Portugal. Primeiro Volume: Antes de Portugal, Lisboa, Círculo de Leitores, 1992. (bằng tiếng Bồ Đào Nha)
Melón, Amando,Geografía histórica española Editorial Volvntad, S.A., Tomo primero, Vol. I Serie E. Madrid 1928. Melón was a member of the Royal Geographical Society of Madrid and a professor of geography at the Universities of Valladolid and Madrid. (bằng tiếng Tây Ban Nha)
Pellón, José R.,Diccionario Espasa Íberos. Espasa Calpe S.A. Madrid 2001. (bằng tiếng Tây Ban Nha)
Urbieto Arteta, Antonio,Historia ilustrada de España, Volumen II. Editorial Debate, Madrid 1994. (bằng tiếng Tây Ban Nha)
El Housin Helal Ouriachen, 2009, La ciudad bética durante la Antigüedad Tardía. Persistencias y mutaciones locales en relación con la realidad urbana del Mediterraneo y del Atlántico, Tesis doctoral, Universidad de Granada, Granada.
Strabo,Geographiká. Book III, Iberia, written between the years 29 and 7 BC and touched up in AD 18. The most prestigious and widely used edition isKarl Müller's, published in Paris at the end of the 19th century, one volume, with 2 columns,Greek vàLatin. The most reputedTiếng Pháp translation is Tardieu, París 1886. The most reputedTiếng Anh translation (with Greek text) is H.L. Jones, vol. I–VIII, London 1917ff., ND London 1931ff.
Ptolemy (Greek astronomer of the 2nd century)Geographiké Hyphaégesis, geographic guidebook.
Lucius Anneus Florus (between 1st and 2nd century).Compendium of Roman History andEpitome of the History of Titus Livius (Livy). The relevant texts ofLivy have been lost, but we can read them via Florus.
