| حروف | آخری-وسطی-ابتدائی | معیاری چینی
تلفظ | ہانیو پنین | عربی
تلفظ | فارسی
تلفظ | مثال | نوٹس |
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| 1 |  |  | [ɑ]،[a] | a, a-, -a, -a- | [ʔ]،[a:]،[æ:] | [ʔ]،[ɔ]،[æ] | اَ(阿ā) | vowel sound | | 2 |  |  | [p]|[b]- | b- | [b] | [b] | بَا(爸bà) | | | 3 |  |  | [pʰ]- | p- | none | [p] | پُ(婆pó) | borrowed from Persian | | 4 |  |  | [tʰ]- | t- | [t] | [t] | تَا(塔tǎ) | | | 5 |  |  | [tɕʰ]-,[ɕ]- | q-, x- | [θ] | [s] | ثِئ(些xiē) | sound change occurs when representing Chinese | | 6 |  |  | [tɕʰ]- | q- | none | none | ٿْو(穷qióng) | | | 7 |  |  | [tʂ]- | zh- | [dʒ] | [dʒ] | جـْ(这zhè) | sound change occurs when representing Chinese | | 8 |  |  | [tʂʰ]- | ch- | none | [tʃ] | چـْ(车chē) | borrowed from Persian | | 9 |  |  | [x]- | h- | [ħ] | [h] | حـْ(河hé) | used before syllable with the Hanyu Pinyin finals -e, -ei, -en, -eng | | 10 |  |  | [x]- | h- | [x] | [x] | خـُ(湖hú) | used before syllables with the Hanyu Pinyin finals -u, -ua, -uai, -uan, -uang, -ui, -un, -uo | | 11 |  |  | [t]|[d]-,[tɕ]- | d-, j- | [d] | [d] | دٍْ(钉dīng) | also used to represent a few syllables with the Hanyu Pinyin initial j- | | 12 |  |  | [ts]- | z- | [ð] | [z] | ذَىْ(在zài) | | | 13 |  |  | -[ɻ] | -r | [r] | [r] | لِر(粒儿lìr) | represents the rhotic final -r sound | | 14 |  |  | none | none | [z] | [z] | زَكَاة(زکات) | only used with Arabic loans | | 15 |  |  | [ʐ]|[ɻ]- | r- | none | [ʒ] | ژْ(热rè) | borrowed from Persian | | 16 |  |  | [s]-,[ɕ]- | s-, x- | [s] | [s] | سٍ(信xìn) | also used to represent a few syllables with the Hanyu Pinyin initials s- and sh- | | 17 |  |  | [s]- | s- | none | none |  (思sī) | only used forentering tone or formerly entering tone syllables | | 18 |  |  | [ʂ]-,[ɕ]- | sh-, x- | [ʃ] | [ʃ] | شِ(是shì) | also used to represent a few syllables with the Hanyu Pinyin initial x- | | 19 |  |  | [s]- | s- | [sˤ]|[sˠ] | [s] | صْ(色sè) | | | 20 |  |  | none | none | [dˤ]|[ðˠ] | [z] | الْضَّاد(letterض) | only used with Arabic loans | | 21 |  |  | [tsʰ]- | c- | none | none | ڞْ(册cè) | | | 22 |  |  | [ts]- | z- | [tˤ]|[tˠ] | [t] | طٌ(遵zūn) | sound change occurs when representing Chinese | | 23 |  |  | [ts]- | z- | [ðˤ]|[ðˠ] | [z] | ظْ(作zuò) | sound change occurs when representing Chinese | | 24 |  |  | [ə] | e, e-, -e, -e- | [ʕ] | [ʔ] | عـَ(恶è) | a vowel when representing Chinese, but considered aحرف صحیح when representing Arabic and Persian loans | | 25 |  |  | none | none | [ɣ]|[ʁ] | [ɣ]،[q]،[ɢ]،[x] | غَبْن(criminal fraud) | only used with Arabic loans | | 26 |  |  | [f]- | f- | [f] | [f] | فِ(废fèi) | | | 27 |  |  | [k]|[ɡ]- | g- | [q] | [q]،[ɢ] | قَ(个ge) | sound change occurs when representing Chinese | | 28 |  |  | none | none | [k] | none | كَلِمَة(proverb) | only used with Arabic loans | | 28 |  |  | [kʰ]- | k- | none | [k] | کْ(可kě) | borrowed from Persian | | 29 |  |  | none | none | none | [ɡ] | گنج(treasure) | borrowed from Persian and only used with Persian loans | | 30 |  |  | [ŋ]-,[ɲ]- | ng-, gn- | none | none | ݣْا(仰ngǎng) | relatively rare, used to represent either the[ŋ]- initial of Ningxia and Inner Mongolia or the[ɲ]- initial of Gansu and Qinghai | | 31 |  |  | [l]- | l- | [l]|[lˤ] | [l] | لِ(里lǐ) | | | 32 |  |  | [m]|[n]- | m-, n- | [m] | [m] | مِ(秘mì) | | | 33 |  |  | [n]- | n- | [n] | [n] | نِ(你nǐ) | | | 34 |  |  | [x]- | h- | [h] | [h]،[ɛ]،[æ] | هَا(哈hā) | mostly used with Arabic loans, used before syllables with the Hanyu Pinyin finals -a, -ai, -an, -ang, -ao | | 35 |  |  | [u]،[ʊ] | wu, u-, -u, -u- | [w]،[u:] | [v]،[u]،[o]،[ow] | ءُ(无wú) | vowel sound | | 36 |  |  | none | none | [j]،[i:] | none | يَوْم(قیامت) | only used with Arabic loans and a vowel sound | | 36 |  |  | [i]،[ɪ] | yi, i-, -i, -i- | none | [j]،[i]،[e] | يَا(呀ya) | borrowed from Persian and a vowel sound |
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