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    PRESENCE: Virtual and Augmented Reality
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    October 2007
    This article was originally published in
    Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
    Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments Cover Image for Volume 16, Issue 5
    October 01 2007

    The Effects of Simulated Inertia and Force Prediction on Delayed Telepresence

    Stella Clarke,
    Stella Clarke
    Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management Technische Universität München D-85748 Garching, Germany
    *Correspondence to[email protected]
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    Gerhard Schillhuber,
    Gerhard Schillhuber
    Institute for Applied Mechanics Technische Universität München D-85748 Garching, Germany
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    Michael F Zaeh,
    Michael F Zaeh
    Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management Technische Universität München D-85748 Garching, Germany
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    Heinz Ulbrich
    Heinz Ulbrich
    Institute for Applied Mechanics Technische Universität München D-85748 Garching, Germany
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    Stella Clarke
    Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management Technische Universität München D-85748 Garching, Germany
    Gerhard Schillhuber
    Institute for Applied Mechanics Technische Universität München D-85748 Garching, Germany
    Michael F Zaeh
    Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management Technische Universität München D-85748 Garching, Germany
    Heinz Ulbrich
    Institute for Applied Mechanics Technische Universität München D-85748 Garching, Germany
    *Correspondence to[email protected]
    Copyright by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    © 2007
    Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments (2007) 16 (5): 543–558.
    Citation

    Stella Clarke,Gerhard Schillhuber,Michael F Zaeh,Heinz Ulbrich; The Effects of Simulated Inertia and Force Prediction on Delayed Telepresence.Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 2007; 16 (5): 543–558. doi:https://doi.org/10.1162/pres.16.5.543

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      Abstract

      This paper presents two methods aimed at alleviating the negative effects of network delays on teleoperation. The problem of telepresence across delayed networks is well known. A delay in feedback information such as visual and haptic data can make the task at hand very unintuitive and difficult for the operator. The first presented method investigates the hypothesis that simulated inertia in the haptic input device can be a supporting factor during teleoperation across delayed networks. An experiment involving 36 human subjects was carried out under varying network and inertia conditions. Psychophysical experiments were conducted to determine suitable values of inertia. However, simulated inertia was found to be neither a supporting factor nor a detrimental factor to operator performance and immersion in the presence of both delayed and non-delayed networks. The second presented method is a force prediction approach, which extends the teleoperation system with a local force model. This is a learned force model situated locally at the operator-side. Instead of relying on the delayed force signals from the teleoperator-side, haptic information can be extracted from this local force model. An experiment has been created to demonstrate the benefits of this approach in compensating for the instabilities due to time delay.

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      Copyright by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
      © 2007
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