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Cognitive Effects in Large Language Models

Abstract

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have received enormous attention over the past year and are now used by hundreds of millions of people every day. The rapid adoption of this technology naturally raises questions about the possible biases such models might exhibit. In this work, we tested one of these models (GPT-3) on a range of cognitive effects, which are systematic patterns that are usually found in human cognitive tasks. We found that LLMs are indeed prone to several human cognitive effects. Specifically, we show that the priming, distance, SNARC, and size congruity effects were presented with GPT-3, while the anchoring effect is absent. We describe our methodology, and specifically the way we converted real-world experiments to text-based experiments. Finally, we speculate on the possible reasons why GPT-3 exhibits these effects and discuss whether they are imitated or reinvented.


Publication:
arXiv e-prints
Pub Date:
August 2023
DOI:

10.48550/arXiv.2308.14337

arXiv:
arXiv:2308.14337
Bibcode:
2023arXiv230814337S
Keywords:
  • Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence;
  • Computer Science - Computation and Language
E-Print:
Accepted and will be published in the ECAI conference
full text sources
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