Onchosesiyasisi, lebyi tivekaka kambe tanihi vuvabyi bya vubofu bya le nambyeni navuvabyi bya Vubofu, I vuvabyi lebyi vangiwaka hi ntluleto naxivungwana xo hanya eka swin'wanaOnchocerca volvulus.[1] Swikombiso swikatsa ku nwayisa ko vava swinene, swibudzwabudzwana enghoheni, navubofu.[1] I ku tlulela hi xitalo ka vumbirhi loku vangaka vubofu hi mhaka ya ku tluletiwa, endzhaku kathirachoma.[2]
Xivungu xo hanya eka swivumbiwa swin'wana xi hangalasiwa hi ku lumiwa hibuleki fulayi xarixaka raSimuliyamu.[1] Hi xitalo ku lumiwa kanyingi ku va kona ntluleto wu nga si va kona.[3] Switsotswana leswi swi tshama kusuhana na milambu, hi mhaka vito ra vuvabyi ri tshyiwile hi ndlela leyi.[2] Loko swi nghenile endzeni ka munhu, swivungwana swi ntumbuluxaswivungu leswi humaka hi le nghoheni.[1] Laha swi nga tlulela eka buleki fulayi leyi landzelaka leyi nga lumaka munhu.[1] Ku na tindlela to tala ta mfembo ku katsa na: ku veka ebayosipi ya nghohe ekamati ya munyuna ku yimela xivungwana xi huma, na ku languta emirini wa swivungwanankulu.[4]
Entlhavelo wo lwisana na vuvabyi a wu kona.[1] Ku sivela i ku papalata ku lumiwa hi switsotswana.[5] leswi swi nga katsa ku tirhisiwa kaswilwisani na switsotswana na ku ambala kahle.[5] Matshalatshala yan'wana ya katsa ku hunguta nhlayo ya switsotswana hi ku fufuthelachefu ya switsotswana.[1] Matshalatshala yo herisa vuvabyi hi ku tshungula ntlawa wa vanhu kambirhi hi lembe ku le kuyeni emahlweni eka tindhawu to hlaya ta le misaveni.[1] Ku tshunguriwa ka lava tluletiweke hi murhi waivhamekitini tinhweti ta ntsevu ku ya eka lembe.[1][6] Vutshunguri lebyi byi dlaya xivungu kambe ku nga ri swivungunkulu.[7] Murhi wadokisisayiklilayini, lowu dlayakana swo yelana na bakitheriyamu leyi vuriwakaWolibachiya, yi endla leswaku swivungwana swi tsana naswona yi bumabumeriwa hi van'wana vanhu.[7] Ku susiwa ka matshumba enyameni hi vutshunguri swi nga endliwa naswona.[6]
Kwalomu 17 ku ya eka 25 wa timiliyoni ta vanhu va tluletiwile vuvabyi bya vubofu bya le nambyeni, na kwalomu ka 0.8 wa timiliyoni a va ha voni.[3][7] Ntluletonkulu wu humelela ekamatiko ya le Dzongeni wa Afrika, hambileswi timhangu ti nga vikiwa na leYemeni na tindhawu titsongo ta lexikarhi ka Amerika naDzongeni wa America[1] Hi 1915, DokodelaRodolfo Robles u kume rosungula vuxaka bya xivungu na vuvabyi.[8] Swi longoloxiwile hiNhlangano wa Rihanyu wa Misava tanihivuvabyi byo kumeka ko karhi[9]
- ↑1.001.011.021.031.041.051.061.071.081.09"Onchocerciasis Fact sheet N°374".World Health Organization. March 2014. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ↑2.02.1"Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness)".Parasites. CDC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ↑3.03.1"Parasites – Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness) Epidemiology & Risk Factors".CDC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ↑"Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness) Diagnosis".Parasites. CDC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ↑5.05.1"Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness) Prevention & Control".Parasites. CDC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ↑6.06.1Murray, Patrick (2013).Medical microbiology (7th ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. p. 792.ISBN 9780323086929.
- ↑7.07.17.2Brunette, Gary W. (2011).CDC Health Information for International Travel 2012 : The Yellow Book. Oxford University Press. p. 258.ISBN 9780199830367.
- ↑Lok, James B.; Walker, Edward D.; Scoles, Glen A. (2004)."9. Filariasis". In Eldridge, Bruce F.; Edman, John D.; Edman, J.Medical entomology (Revised ed.). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic. p. 301.ISBN 9781402017940.
- ↑Reddy M, Gill SS, Kalkar SR, Wu W, Anderson PJ, Rochon PA (October 2007)."Oral drug therapy for multiple neglected tropical diseases: a systematic review".JAMA298 (16): 1911–24.PMID 17954542.doi:10.1001/jama.298.16.1911.
