Hip hop orhip-hop, gape lerap engwe formilweng e lengdisco rap,[1][2] kegenre yapopular music tse originated ka mengwaga ya pele bo 1970s go tloga ka 1940African American community. Hip-hop music originated jwalo ka anti-drug and anti-violence genre[3] e copanyang di stylized rhythmic music (go tsebega kago mo pele gadrum beats) tse tlang mora di accompaniesrapping, rhythmic delivery ya poetic speech.[4] In the early 1990s, a professor of African American studies atTemple University said, "Hip-hop is something thatblacks can unequivocally claim as their own."[5] ka 21st century, field ya bo rappers e kereyile diversified ka bobedi ba race le gender. Music developed jwalo ka karolo ya broaderhip-hop culture,subculture e fetolwa ke four key stylistic elements:MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching leturntables,breakdancing, gape legraffiti art.[6][7][8] While often used to refer solely to rapping and rap music, "hip hop" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture.[9][10] The termhip hop music is sometimes used synonymously with the termrap music,[4][11] ma gareng a rapping a se required component ya hip hop music; genre e kano incorporate tse dingwe di elements tsa culture, e tsentsha leDJing,turntablism,scratching,beatboxing, leinstrumental tracks.[12][13]
Hip hop ka bobedi musical genre and a culture di formile ka nako ya 1970s, neng boblock parties ba tlileng increasingly popular ko New York City, particularly le boAfrican American youth e na e bitswangBronx.[14] Ko block parties, DJs di dletse dipercussive le dipina tsa tlwayelo go berekisa pedi ga turntables leDJ mixer to be able to play breaks from two copies of the same record, alternating from one to the other and extending "break".[15] Hip-hop's nakong ya evolution e tlhagile e le sampling technology ledrum machines ditle di le available e ne direkega. Turntablist techniques go tshwana le scratching lebeatmatching di etsitswe letlhakoreng la the breaks. Rapping e etsitswe jwalo ka vocal style se se tlileng ka di artist tse bolelang kapa chants along rhythmically le instrumental kgotsa synthesizedbeat.
Hip hop music ne e sa recordiwa go tshameka mo radiong kgotsa mo television go fitlhela ka ngwaga wa 1979, Bogolo ba genre's birth le go tlhoka tumelo gotswa mafelong a mannye a bo makgelwane.[16]Old-school hip hop e ne e le ya mathomo go mainstream wave ya genre, e markilwe ke ba yonadisco influence and party-oriented lyrics. The 1980s marked the diversification of hip hop as the genre developed more complex styles le spread around the world.New-school hip hop e ne di genre's wave ya bobedi, e markilwe keelectro sound, legolden age hip hop, e yona e innovative nako nyana magareng-(mid)-1980s le mid-1990s eo le yona e etsitswe go ba hip hop'salbum era. Legangsta rapsubgenre, ntse di lebelletse dintwa tsa inner-city African American youth, di gain'e tsebo nako yona eo.West Coast hip hop E dominatile kG-funk nakong tsa pele ka-mid 1990s, nakong eoEast Coast hip hop e dominatiwa kejazz rap,alternative hip hop, lehardcore hip hop. Hip hop e tsweletse pele ka diversify ka nako ya regional styles emerging, go tshwana leSouthern rap gape leAtlanta hip hop. Hip hop e bile e tona tota kago-rekisa genre ko mid-1990s le thekiso e kwa go dimo gara music genre ka 1999.
Amidst ke evolution, hip hop e bile ya tsibiswa gape e bile le koloi bakeng la social commentary le di politic expression, go bontsha ga tshokolo le thabo ya marginalized communities. Gotswa mo medung ya yona ka gare ga the Bronx fitlhetse global gompieno, hip hop.[17]
