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Berilyo

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Beryllium, 4Be
Beryllium
Bigkas/bəˈrɪliəm/ ​(bə-RIL-ee-əm)
Appearancewhite-gray metallic
Standard atomic weightAr°(Be)
  • 9.0121831±0.0000005
  • 9.0122±0.0001 (pinaikli)[1][2]
Beryllium satalahanayang peryodiko
HydrogenHelium
LithiumBerylliumBoronCarbonNitrogenOxygenFluorineNeon
SodiumMagnesiumAluminiumSiliconPhosphorusSulfurChlorineArgon
PotassiumCalciumScandiumTitaniumVanadiumChromiumManganeseIronCobaltNickelCopperZincGalliumGermaniumArsenicSeleniumBromineKrypton
RubidiumStrontiumYttriumZirconiumNiobiumMolybdenumTechnetiumRutheniumRhodiumPalladiumSilverCadmiumIndiumTinAntimonyTelluriumIodineXenon
CaesiumBariumLanthanumCeriumPraseodymiumNeodymiumPromethiumSamariumEuropiumGadoliniumTerbiumDysprosiumHolmiumErbiumThuliumYtterbiumLutetiumHafniumTantalumTungstenRheniumOsmiumIridiumPlatinumGoldMercury (element)ThalliumLeadBismuthPoloniumAstatineRadon
FranciumRadiumActiniumThoriumProtactiniumUraniumNeptuniumPlutoniumAmericiumCuriumBerkeliumCaliforniumEinsteiniumFermiumMendeleviumNobeliumLawrenciumRutherfordiumDubniumSeaborgiumBohriumHassiumMeitneriumDarmstadtiumRoentgeniumCoperniciumNihoniumFleroviumMoscoviumLivermoriumTennessineOganesson
–
↑
Be
↓
Mg
lithium ←beryllium →boron
Atomikong bilang(Z)4
Group2
Period2
Block  s-block
Electron configuration[He] 2s2
Electrons per shell2, 2
Physical properties
Phaseat STPsolido
Melting point1560 K ​(1287 °C, ​2349 °F)
Boiling point2742 K ​(2469 °C, ​4476 °F)
Density (at 20° C)1.845 g/cm3[3]
when liquid (at m.p.)1.690 g/cm3
Critical point5205 K,  MPa (extrapolated)
Heat of fusion12.2 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization292 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity16.443 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa)1101001 k10 k100 k
at T (K)146216081791202323272742
Atomic properties
Oxidation states0,[4] +1,[5]+2 (isang anpoterong oksido)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.57
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 899.5 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1757.1 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 14,848.7 kJ/mol
  • (more)
Atomic radiusempirical: 112 pm
Covalent radius96±3 pm
Van der Waals radius153 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Mga linyang espektral ng beryllium
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordiyal
Crystal structure ​hexagonal close-packed (hcp) (hP2)
Lattice constants
Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for beryllium
a = 228.60 pm
c = 358.42 pm (at 20 °C)[3]
Thermal expansion10.98×10−6/K (at 20 °C)[3][a]
Thermal conductivity200 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity36 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility−9.0×10−6 cm3/mol[6]
Young's modulus287 GPa
Shear modulus132 GPa
Bulk modulus130 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod12,890 m/s (at r.t.)[7]
Poisson ratio0.032
Mohs hardness5.5
Vickers hardness1670 MPa
Brinell hardness590–1320 MPa
CAS Number7440-41-7
History
DiscoveryLouis Nicolas Vauquelin (1798)
First isolationFriedrich Wöhler &Antoine Bussy (1828)
Isotopes of beryllium
Main isotopes[8]Decay
abun­dancehalf-life(t1/2)modepro­duct
7Betrace53.22 dε7Li
8Besynth81.9 asα4He
9Be100%stable
10Betrace1.387×106 yβ−10B
KategoryaKategorya: Beryllium
| references

Angberilyo (Ingles:beryllium;Espanyol:berilio) ay isangelementong kimikal satalahanayang peryodiko na sinasagisag ng simbolongBe at nagtataglay ngatomikong bilang4.

Isang elemento at metal na may katibayan sa init, korosyon, atkalawang. Natuklasan ito niLouis Nicolas Vauquelin noong 1798. Ginagamit ang elementong ito para sa paggawa ng mga balangkas ng mgaeruplano at ng mgasasakyang pangkalawakan, sabila ng mgareplektor sa ngareaktor na nukleyar. Kapag inihalo satanso, ginagamit ito bilang kontaktong elektrikal atispring omuwelye. Kabilang sa mga katangian nito ang pagkakaroon ngatomikong bilang na 4,atomikong timbang na 9.0122,punto ng pagkatunaw na 1,278 °C, punto ng pagkulong 2,970 °C, espesipikong grabidad na 1.848, atbalensya na 2.[9]

Talababa

[baguhin |baguhin ang wikitext]
Mukhang kailangan pongayusin ang bahagi na ito upang umayon ito sapamantayan ng kalidad ng Wikipedia. (Pebrero 2025)
Makakatulong po kayo sapagpapaunlad sa nilalaman po nito.
Binigay na dahilan:Translation needed
  1. ↑The thermal expansion isanisotropic: the parameters (at 20 °C) for each crystal axis are αa = 12.03×10−6/K, αc = 8.88×10−6/K, and αaverage = αV/3 = 10.98×10−6/K.

Mga sanggunian

[baguhin |baguhin ang wikitext]
  1. ↑"Standard Atomic Weights: Beryllium" (sa wikang Ingles). CIAAW. 2013.
  2. ↑Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04)."Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)".Pure and Applied Chemistry (sa wikang Ingles).doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603.ISSN 1365-3075.
  3. ↑3.03.13.2Arblaster, John W. (2018).Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International.ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
  4. ↑Be(0) has been observed; see"Beryllium(0) Complex Found" (sa wikang Ingles).Chemistry Europe. 13 June 2016.
  5. ↑"Beryllium: Beryllium(I) Hydride compound data"(PDF) (sa wikang Ingles). bernath.uwaterloo.ca. Nakuha noong2007-12-10.
  6. ↑Weast, Robert (1984).CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110.ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
  7. ↑Haynes, William M., pat. (2011).CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (ika-92nd (na) edisyon). Boca Raton, FL:CRC Press. p. 14.48.ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.
  8. ↑Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021)."The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties"(PDF).Chinese Physics C.45 (3): 030001.doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
  9. ↑Gaboy, Luciano L.Beryllium, berilyum, berilyo - Gabby's Dictionary: Praktikal na Talahuluganang Ingles-Filipino ni Gabby/Gabby's Practical English-Filipino Dictionary, GabbyDictionary.com.
Talahanayang peryodiko
H He
LiBe BCNOFNe
NaMg AlSiPSClAr
KCa ScTiVCrMnFeCoNiCuZnGaGeAsSeBrKr
RbSr YZrNbMoTcRuRhPdAgCdInSnSbTeIXe
CsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLuHfTaWReOsIrPtAuHgTlPbBiPoAtRn
FrRaAcThPaUNpPuAmCmBkCfEsFmMdNoLrRfDbSgBhHsMtDsRgCnNhFlMcLvTsOg
 
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na Alkalina		Mga LantanodeMga AktinodeMga Transisyong
Metal		Mga Metal
na Umilde		Mga MetalodeIbang
Di-metal		Mga AlohinoMga Hanging
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