Sahadat atawaSyahadat jeungSyahadah (شهادة (pitulung·info)Citakan:ArTranslit) (basa Turki:Şehadet) nyaéta hiji kalimah pangakuan kayakinan Islam. Dina basa Arab, hartina "nyaksénan" atawa "méré kasaksian".[1]Sahadat mangrupa nembrakeun kapercayaan kanatunggalna Gusti (Allah dinabasa Arab) sarta yénNabiMuhammad minangkautusan pangahirna. Maca dua kalimah sahadat mangrupa salah sahiji tinaLima Rukun Islam dinaIslam Sunni.
- لآ اِلَـهَ اِلاَّ لله محمد رسول الله
- lā ilāhā illā-llāh; muḥammadun rasūlu-llāhi
- Teu aya pangéran anging Allah; sarta Muhammad rosul Allah.
Hiji kalimah anu diucapkeun daria kalayan pinuh kajujuran, di hareupeun dua urang muslim salaku saksina. Ieu cukup pikeun salasaurang anu hayang jadi umat Islam, sahenteuna ieu anu diajarkeun di sakola tradisional atawatraditional schools.[1]
SababarahaMuslim Syiah nambahkeunAlīyunwali Allah (Ali hartinawakil Allah) di tungtung kalimah syahadat. Ini henteu wajib pikeun Syi'ah; ini mah saukur pilihan pribadi, sanajan kalolobaanAyatollah yebutkeun leuweuh hadé nambahkeumna.
One of the éarliest surviving translations of the Shahadah into a foreign language is inGreek, from the reign ofal-Walid I (86-96 AH,705-715 CE):Οὐκ ἔστι[ν θεὸς εἰ μὴ ὁ θεὸς μόνος·] Μααμὲ[τ ἀπόστολος θεοῦ] (Ouk esti[n theos ei mē ho theos monos;] Maame[t apostolos theou]).[1] "There is no god except the single God; Muhammad is God'sapostle",i.e. "Allah" is being translated as "God".
There are seven critical conditions of the Shahadah:
- Al-`Ilm (Knowledge of the meaning of the shahadah, its negation and affirmation)
- Al-Yaqeen (Certainty – perfect knowledge of it that counter-acts suspicion and doubt)
- Al-Ikhlaas (Sincerity which negatesshirk)
- Al-Sidq (Truthfulness that permits neither falsehood nor hypocrisy)
- Al-Mahabbah (Love of the shahadah and its meaning, and being happy with it)
- Al-Inqiad (Submission to its rightful requirements, which are the duties that must be performed with sincerity to God (alone) seeking His pleasure)
- Al-Qubool (Acceptance that contradicts rejection).
Several national flags display the Shahadah:
It is considered correct to refer to previous figures such asprophets likeJesus (in Arabic,Isa) as Messengers (rasul), and a few groups (notably certainSufi mystics) amend the declaration to mention prior prophets whose names are found in theQur'an.[rujukan?]
Sometimes اشهد ان 'ašhadu 'an = "I witness that" is prefixed to éach half of the Shahadah.
Sometimes وwa = "and" is prefixed to the first word of the second half of the Shahada.
Some of the relatively small minority, labelled the "Quran Alone Muslims" consider the second part of the Shahadah incorrect and say it should not include Muhammad's name, one of the réasons being that the full Shahadah with Muhammad's name is never found in the Qur'an.
- ↑abbin Hashim, Profesor Emeritus Dato` Isahak Haron, Ibrahim (2016).Pahami Bacaan Shalatmubin Hashim, Profesor Emeritus Dato` Isahak Haron. Jakarta, Indonesia: Noura Books. p. 6.ISBN 9786023850037. Disungsi22 Peb 2022
