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Discovering Structural Equation Modeling Using Stata, Revised Edition | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Preface Author index Subject index Errata Download the datasets used in this book (from stata-press.com) Review from theStata Journal
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Comment from the Stata technical groupDiscovering Structural Equation Modeling Using Stata, Revised Edition, by Alan Acock, successfully introduces both the statistical principles involved in structural equation modeling (SEM) and the use of Stata to fit these models. The book uses an application-based approach to teaching SEM. Acock demonstrates how to fit a wide variety of models that fall within the SEM framework and provides datasets that enable the reader to follow along with each example. As each type of model is discussed, concepts such as identification, handling of missing data, model evaluation, and interpretation are covered in detail. In Stata, structural equation models can be fit using the command language or the graphical user interface (GUI) for SEM, known as the SEM Builder. The book demonstrates both of these approaches. Throughout the text, the examples use thesem command. Each chapter also includes brief discussions on drawing the appropriate path diagram and performing estimation from within the SEM Builder. A more in-depth coverage of the SEM Builder is given in one of the book’s appendixes. The first two chapters introduce the building blocks of SEM. Chapter 1 begins with overviews of Cronbach’s alpha as a measure of reliability and of exploratory factor analysis. Then, building on these concepts, Acock demonstrates how to perform confirmatory factor analysis, discusses a variety of statistics available for assessing the fit of the model, and shows a more general measurement of reliability that is based on confirmatory factor analysis. Chapter 2 focuses on using SEM to perform path analysis. It includes examples of mediation, moderation, cross-lagged panel models, and nonrecursive models. Chapter 3 demonstrates how to combine the topics covered in the first two chapters to fit full structural equation models. The use of modification indices to guide model modification and computation of direct, indirect, and total effects for full structural equation models are also covered. Chapter 4 details the application of SEM to growth curve modeling. After introducing the basic linear latent growth curve model, Acock extends this to more complex cases such as the inclusion of quadratic terms, time-varying covariates, and time-invariant covariates. In chapter 5, Acock discusses testing for differences across groups in SEM. He introduces the specializedsem syntax for multiple-group models and discusses the intricacies of testing for group differences for the different types of models presented in the preceding chapters. TheRevised Edition includes output, syntax, and instructions for fitting models with the SEM Builder that have been updated for Stata 13. Discovering Structural Equation Modeling Using Stata, Revised Edition is an excellent resource both for those who are new to SEM and for those who are familiar with SEM but new to fitting these models in Stata. It is useful as a text for courses covering SEM as well as for researchers performing SEM. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
About the authorAlan Acock is a sociologist and a University Distinguished Professor in the School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences at Oregon State University. He was also recognized as the Alumni Distinguished Professor based on his work with students. He has published more than 130 articles in leading journals across the social and behavioral sciences, includingStructural Equation Modeling, Psychological Bulletin, Multivariate Behavioral Research, Journal of Gerontology, Journal of Adolescence, American Journal of Public Health, American Sociological Review, Journal of Marriage and Family, Social Forces, Educational and Psychological Measurement, Journal of Politics, Prevention Science, American Journal of Preventive Medicine, and many others. He also authored the textA Gentle Introduction to Stata. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Table of contentsView table of contents >> Dedication List of tables List of figures List of boxes Preface (PDF) Acknowledgments 1 Introduction to confirmatory factor analysis 1.1 Introduction 1.2 The "do not even think about it" approach 1.3 The principal component factor analysis approach 1.4 Alpha reliability for our nine-item scale 1.5 Generating a factor score rather than a mean or summative score 1.6 What can CFA add? 1.7 Fitting a CFA model 1.8 Interpreting and presenting CFA results 1.9 Assessing goodness of fit 1.9.1 Modification indices 1.10 A two-factor model1.9.2 Final model and estimating scale reliability 1.10.1 Evaluating the depression dimension 1.11 Parceling1.10.2 Estimating a two-factor model 1.12 Extensions and what is next 1.13 Exercises 1.A Using the SEM Builder to run a CFA 1.A.1 Drawing the model 1.A.2 Estimating the model 2 Using structural equation modeling for path models 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Path model terminology 2.2.1 Exogenous predictor, endogenous outcome, and endogenous mediator variables 2.3 A substantive example of a path model2.2.2 A hypothetical path model 2.4 Estimating a model with correlated residuals 2.4.1 Estimating direct, indirect, and total effects 2.5 Auxiliary variables2.4.2 Strengthening our path model and adding covariates 2.6 Testing equality of coefficients 2.7 A cross-lagged panel design 2.8 Moderation 2.9 Nonrecursive models 2.9.1 Worked example of a nonrecursive model 2.10 Exercises2.9.2 Stability of a nonrecursive model 2.9.3 Model constraints 2.9.4 Equality constraints 2.A Using the SEM Builder to run path models 3 Structural equation modeling 3.1 Introduction 3.2 The classic example of a structural equation model 3.2.1 Identification of a full structural equation model 3.3 Equality constraints3.2.2 Fitting a full structural equation model 3.2.3 Modifying our model 3.2.4 Indirect effects 3.4 Programming constraints 3.5 Structural model with formative indicators 3.5.1 Identification and estimation of a composite latent variable 3.6 Exercises3.5.2 Multiple indicators, multiple causes model 4 Latent growth curves 4.1 Discovering growth curves 4.2 A simple growth curve model 4.3 Identifying a growth curve model 4.3.1 An intuitive idea of identification 4.4 An example of a linear latent growth curve4.3.2 Identifying a quadratic growth curve 4.4.1 A latent growth curve model for BMI 4.5 How can we add time-invariant covariates to our model?4.4.2 Graphic representation of individual trajectories (optional) 4.4.3 Intraclass correlation (ICC) (optional) 4.4.4 Fitting a latent growth curve 4.4.5 Adding correlated adjacent error terms 4.4.6 Adding a quadratic latent slope growth factor 4.4.7 Adding a quadratic latent slope and correlating adjacent error terms 4.5.1 Interpreting a model with time-invariant covariates 4.6 Explaining the random effects—time-varying covariates 4.6.1 Fitting a model with time-invariant and time-varying covariates 4.7 Constraining variances of error terms to be equal (optional)4.6.2 Interpreting a model with time-invariant and time-varying covariates 4.8 Exercises 5 Group comparisons 5.1 Interaction as a traditional approach to multiple-group comparisons 5.2 The range of applications of Stata’s multiple-group comparisons with sem 5.2.1 A multiple indicators, multiple causes model 5.3 A measurement model application5.2.2 A measurement model 5.2.3 A full structural equation model 5.3.1 Step 1: Testing for invariance comparing women and men 5.4 Multiple-group path analysis5.3.2 Step 2: Testing for invariant loadings 5.3.3 Step 3: Testing for an equal loadings and equal errorvariances model 5.3.4 Testing for equal intercepts 5.3.5 Comparison of models 5.3.6 Step 4: Comparison of means 5.3.7 Step 5: Comparison of variances and covariance of latent variables 5.4.1 What parameters are different? 5.5 Multiple-group comparisons of structural equation models5.4.2 Fitting the model with the SEM Builder 5.4.3 A standardized solution 5.4.4 Constructing tables for publications 5.6 Exercises 6 Epilogue—what now? 6.1 What is next? A The graphical user interface A.1 Introduction A.2 Menus for Windows, Unix, and Mac A.2.1 The menus, explained A.3 Designing a structural equation modelA.2.2 The vertical drawing toolbar A.4 Drawing an SEM model A.5 Fitting a structural equation model A.6 Postestimation commands A.7 Clearing preferences and restoring the defaults B Entering data from summary statistics References Author index (PDF) Subject index (PDF) |
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