Amaranthus retroflexus Familia:Amaranthaceae
Alternative classification according toHernández-Ledesma et al. (2015):
Amaranthaceae (s.str. ) Chenopodiaceae (s.str. ) AmaranthaceaeJuss. Gen. Pl.87 . (1789)
as "Amaranthi" –nom. cons. AchyranthaceaeRaf. , in: Flora Telluriana 3: 35. (1837) AtriplicaceaeJuss. , in: Genera Plantarum 83. (1789) BetaceaeBurnett , in: Outlines of Botany 591, 1091, 1142. (1835) BlitaceaeAdans. , in: Lexicon Generum Phanerogamarum 637, 710. 1903 CelosiaceaeMartinov , in: Tekhno-Botanicheskīĭ Slovar': na latinskom i rossīĭskom iazykakh. Sanktpeterburgie 117. (1820) ChenopodiaceaeVent. ,nom. cons. , in: Tableau du Regne Vegetal 2:253 . (1799) CorispermaceaeLink , in: Handbuch zur Erkennung der nutzbarsten und am häufigsten vorkommenden Gewächse 2: 407. (1831) DeeringiaceaeJ.Agardh , in: Theoria Systematis Plantarum 369. (1858) Dysphaniaceae (Pax )Pax ,nom. cons. , in: Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 61: 230. (1927) GomphrenaceaeRaf. , in: Flora Telluriana 3: 38. (1837) PolycnemaceaeMenge , in: Catalogus plantarum phanerogamicarum grudentinensis et gedanensis 161. (1839) SalicorniaceaeMartinov , in: Tekhno-Botanicheskīĭ Slovar': na latinskom i rossīĭskom iazykakh. Sanktpeterburgie 558. (1820) SalsolaceaeMenge , in: Catalogus plantarum phanerogamicarum grudentinensis et gedanensis 165. (1839) SpinaciaceaeMenge , in: Catalogus plantarum phanerogamicarum grudentinensis et gedanensis 166. (1839) Achyranthes –Achyropsis –Acroglochin –Aerva –Agriophyllum –Akhania –Allenrolfea –Allmania –Allmaniopsis –Alternanthera –Amaranthus –Anabasis –Anthochlamys –Aphanisma –Archiatriplex –Arthraerua –Arthrocaulon –Arthroceras –Arthrophytum –Atriplex –Axyris –Baolia –Bassia –Beta –Bienertia –Blitum –Blutaparon –Bosea –Calicorema –Camphorosma –Caroxylon –Celosia –Centema –Centemopsis –Centrostachys –Ceratocarpus –Chamissoa –Charpentiera –Chenolea –Chenopodiastrum –Chenopodium –Chionothrix –Climacoptera –Corispermum –Cornulaca –Cyathobasis –Cyathula –Dasysphaera –Deeringia –Didymanthus –Digera –Dissocarpus –Dysphania –Enchylaena –Eokochia –Eremophea –Eriochiton –Eriostylos –Exomis –Extriplex –Fadenia –Froelichia –Froelichiella –Girgensohnia –Gomphrena –Gossypianthus –Grayia –Grubovia –Guilleminea –Hablitzia –Halarchon –Halimione –Halimocnemis –Halocharis –Halocnemum –Halogeton –Halopeplis –Halostachys –Halothamnus –Haloxylon –Hammada –Hebanthe –Hebanthodes –Hemichroa –Henonia –Herbstia –Hermbstaedtia –Heterostachys –Holmbergia –Horaninovia –Iljinia –Indobanalia –Iresine –Kalidium –Kaviria –Krascheninnikovia –Kyphocarpa –Lagenantha –Lagrezia –Lecosia –Leucosphaera –Lipandra –Lithophila –Lopriorea –Maireana –Malacocera –Mangleticornia –Manochlamys –Marcelliopsis –Mechowia –Microcnemum –Microgynoecium –Micromonolepis –Nanophyton –Nelsia –Neobassia –Neocentema –Neokochia –Neomonolepis –Nitrophila –Nitrosalsola –Noaea –Nothosaerva –Nototrichium –Nucularia –Nyssanthes –Ofaiston –Omegandra –Oreobliton –Osteocarpum –Ouret –Oxybasis –Pandiaka –Paraerva –Patellifolia –Pedersenia –Petrosimonia –Pfaffia –Physandra –Piptoptera –Pleuropetalum –Pleuropterantha –Polycnemum –Polyrhabda –Proatriplex –Pseudogomphrena –Pseudoplantago –Pseudosericocoma –Psilotrichopsis –Psilotrichum –Ptilotus –Pupalia –Pyankovia –Quaternella –Rhaphidophyton –Rosifax –Roycea –Salicornia –Salsola –Saltia –Sclerolaena –Sedobassia –Sericocoma –Sericocomopsis –Sericorema –Sericostachys –Sevada –Soda –Spinacia –Spirobassia –Stilbanthus –Stutzia –Suaeda –Suckleya –Surreya –Sympegma –Tecticornia –Teloxys –Threlkeldia –Tidestromia –Traganopsis –Traganum –Trichuriella –Turania –Volkensinia –Wadithamnus –Xerosiphon –Xylosalsola
Aellenia –Agathophora –Agathophytum –Alexandra –Ambrina –Anisacantha –Anserina –Armola –Arthrocnemum –Austrobassia –Babbagia –Belovia –Blackiella –Blitanthus –Borszczowia –Botrydium –Botrys –Brachylepis –Brezia –Bushiola –Calvelia –Camphorata –Carocarpidium –Caspia –Ceratoides –Ceratospermum –Chenoleoides –Chenopodina –Choriptera –Coilocarpus –Cremnophyton –Cyclolepis –Cycloloma –Cyrilwhitea –Darniella –Diotis –Dipteranthemum –Dondia –Echinopsilon –Einadia –Endolepis –Eremochion –Eremosemium –Esfandiaria –Eurotia –Fredolia –Gamanthus –Gandriloa –Gyroptera –Halanthium –Halimus –Halosarcia –Halotis –Haloxanthium –Helicilla –Hypocylix –Irenella –Kali –Kalidiopsis –Kelita –Kentropsis –Kirilowia –Kochia –Lecanocarpus –Lerchia –Londesia –Meiomeria –Micropeplis –Monolepis –Morocarpus –Morrisiella –Muratina –Neobotrydium –Neocaspia –Neopreissia –Neretia –Obione –Oligandra –Oliganthera –Orthospermum –Orthosporum –Pachycornia –Pachypharynx –Panderia –Patellaria –Physogeton –Rhagodia –Roubieva –Sarcathria –Sarcocornia –Schanginia –Schoberia –Sclerobassia –Scleroblitum –Sclerochlamys –Sclerostegia –Seidlitzia –Senniella –Stelligera –Tegicornia –Theleophyton –Trichinium –Willemetia –Wilsonia –Woehleria –Vulvaria –Zuckia
Additional references [ edit ] Akhani, H. ,Edwards, G. &Roalson, E.H. 2007. Diversification of the Old World Salsoleae s.l. (Chenopodiaceae): Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis of Nuclear and Chloroplast Data Sets and a Revised Classification.International Journal of Plant Sciences 168(6): 931–956.DOI :10.1086/518263 ResearchGate Reference page . (for Salsoloideae)Angiosperm Phylogeny Group . 2016. An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV.Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 181(1): 1–20.DOI :10.1111/boj.12385 Reference page . Hammer, T.A. ,Zhong, X. ,Colas des Francs-Small, C. ,Nevill, P.G. ,Small, I.D. &Thiele, K.R. 2019. Resolving intergeneric relationships in the aervoid clade and the backbone ofPtilotus (Amaranthaceae): Evidence from whole plastid genomes and morphology.Taxon 68(2): 297–314.DOI :10.1002/tax.12054 Reference page . Hernández-Ledesma, P. ,Berendsohn, W. G. ,Borsch, T. ,Mering, S. v. ,Akhani, H. ,Arias, S. ,Castañeda-Noa, I. ,Eggli, U. ,Eriksson, R. ,Flores-Olvera, H. ,Fuentes-Bazán, S. ,Kadereit, G. ,Klak, C. ,Korotkova, N. ,Nyffeler R. ,Ocampo G. ,Ochoterena, H. ,Oxelman, B. ,Rabeler, R. K. ,Sanchez, A. ,Schlumpberger, B. O. &Uotila, P. 2015. A taxonomic backbone for the global synthesis of species diversity in the angiosperm order Caryophyllales.Willdenowia 45(3): 281–383.DOI :10.3372/wi.45.45301 Reference page . Kadereit, G. ,Hohmann, S. &Kadereit, J.W. 2006. A synopsis of Chenopodiaceae subfam. Betoideae and notes on the taxonomy ofBeta .Willdenowia 36(1): 9–19.DOI :10.3372/wi.36.36101 .Reference page . (for Betoideae)Kadereit, G. ,Mavrodiev, E.V. ,Zacharias, E.H. &Sukhorukov, A.P. 2010. Molecular phylogeny of Atripliceae (Chenopodioideae, Chenopodiaceae): Implications for systematics, biogeography, flower and fruit evolution, and the origin of C4 Photosynthesis.American Journal of Botany 97(10): 1664–1687.DOI :10.3732/ajb.1000169 Reference page . (for Chenopodioideae)Kadereit, G. &Freitag, H. 2011. Molecular phylogeny of Camphorosmeae (Camphorosmoideae, Chenopodiaceae): Implications for biogeography, evolution of C4 -photosynthesis and taxonomy.Taxon 60(1): 51–78.DOI :10.1002/tax.601006 PDF .Reference page . (for Camphrosmoideae)Kapralov, M.V. ,Akhani, H. ,Voznesenskaya, E.V. ,Edwards, G. ,Franceschi, V. &Roalson, E.H. 2006. Phylogenetic relationships in the Salicornioideae / Suaedoideae / Salsoloideae s.l. (Chenopodiaceae) clade and a clarification of the phylogenetic position ofBienertia andAlexandra using multiple DNA sequence datasets.Systematic Botany 31(3): 571–585.DOI :10.1043/06-01.1 Full text PDF from ResearchGate Reference page . (for Suaedoideae)Müller, K. &Borsch, T. 2005. Phylogenetics of Amaranthaceae using matK/trnK sequence data – evidence from parsimony, likelihood and Bayesian approaches.Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 92: 66–102.Piirainen, M. ,Liebisch, O. &Kadereit, G. 2017. Phylogeny, biogeography, systematics and taxonomy of Salicornioideae (Amaranthaceae/Chenopodiaceae) – A cosmopolitan, highly specialized hygrohalophyte lineage dating back to the Oligocene.Taxon 66(1): 109–132.DOI :10.12705/661.6 Reference page . (for Salicornioideae)Sánchez del-Pino, I. ,Borsch, T &Motley, T.J. 2009. trnL-F and rpl16 Sequence Data and Dense Taxon Sampling Reveal Monophyly of Unilocular Anthered Gomphrenoideae (Amaranthaceae) and an Improved Picture of Their Internal Relationships.Systematic Botany 34(1): 57-67.DOI :10.1600/036364409787602401 Reference page . (for Gomphrenoideae)Schütze, P. ,Freitag, H. &Weising, K. 2003. An integrated molecular and morphological study of the subfamily Suaedoideae Ulbr. (Chenopodiaceae).Plant Systematics and Evolution 239(3): 257–286.DOI :10.1007/s00606-003-0013-2 Reference page . (for Suaedoideae)Stevens, P.F. 2001 onwards.Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, July 2017 [and more or less continuously updated since].Online. Reference page . Sukhorukov, A,P. 2007. Fruit anatomy and its taxonomic significance inCorispermum (Corispermoideae, Chenopodiaceae).Willdenowia 37: 63-87.DOI :10.3372/wi.37.37103 Reference page . (for Corspermoideae)العربية: قطيفيةazərbaycanca: Pəncərkimilərбеларуская: Аксамітнікавыяcatalà: Amarantàciesčeština: Laskavcovitédansk: Amarant-familienDeutsch: FuchsschwanzgewächseEnglish: Amaranth familyEsperanto: Amarantacojespañol: Amarantáceaseesti: Rebasheinalisedفارسی: تاجخروسیانsuomi: RevonhäntäkasvitNordfriisk: Amarantenעברית: ירבוזייםहिन्दी: ऐमारैंथेसीhrvatski: Štirovkehornjoserbsce: Šćěrjencowe rostlinymagyar: Disznóparéjfélékհայերեն: Ախիրանթեսitaliano: Amarantacee日本語: ヒユ科ქართული: ჯიჯლაყასებრნიқазақша: Қызылқұйрық тұқымдасы한국어: 비름과lietuvių: Burnotiniailatviešu: Amarantu dzimtaмакедонски: Штировиമലയാളം: അമരാന്തേസിNederlands: Amarantenfamilienorsk nynorsk: Amarantfamiliennorsk: Amarantfamilienpolski: SzarłatowateRuna Simi: Kiwicha yura rikch'aq aylluрусский: Амарантовыеslovenčina: Láskavcovitéсрпски / srpski: фамилија штиреваsvenska: Amarantväxterதமிழ்: அமராந்தேசிతెలుగు: అమరాంథేసిไทย: วงศ์บานไม่รู้โรยTürkçe: Ispanakgillerукраїнська: Амарантовіoʻzbekcha / ўзбекча: GultojixoʻrozdoshlarTiếng Việt: Họ DềnWest-Vlams: Amarantachtign中文(简体): 苋科中文(繁體): 莧科