Familia:Viperidae
Subfamilia:Viperinae
Genus:Bitis
Species (18):B. albanica –B. arietans –B. armata –B. atropos –B. caudalis –B. cornuta –B. gabonica –B. harenna –B. heraldica –B. inornata –B. nasicornis –B. parviocula –B. peringueyi –B. rhinoceros –B. rubida –B. schneideri –B. worthingtoni –B. xeropaga

BitisGray, 1842:69 [conserved name]

• Type species:Vipera (Echidna) arietansMerrem, 1820, by subsequent designation by Opinion 188 (1945:87).
• Placed on the Official List of Generic Names in Zoology by Opinion 188 (1945:87).

• CobraLaurenti, 1768:103 [suppressed name]
  • Type species:Coluber atroposLinnaeus, 1758, by subsequent designation ofStejneger (1936: 140).
  • Placed on the Official Index of Rejected and Invalid Specific Names in Zoology by Opinion 188 (1945:87).
• EchidnaMerrem, 1820:14 [nomen praeoccupatumproEchidnaForster, 1788]
  • Type species:Vipera arietansMerrem, 1820, by subsequent designation.
• ClothoGray, 1842:69 [nomen praeoccupatumproClothoWalckenaer, 1808 andClothode Blainville, 1824]
  • Type species:Cobra clothoLaurenti, 1768, by absolute tautonymy.
• CalechidnaTschudi, 1845:60 [as subgenus ofEchidna]
  • Type species:Echidna ocellataTschudi, 1845, by monotypy.
• HallowelliusReuss, 1939: 14
  • Type species:Echidna gabonicaDuméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854, by original designation.
• MacrocerastesReuss, 1939: 14
  • Type species:Coluber nasicornisShaw, 1792, by original designation.
• KeniabitisLenk,Herrmann,Joger &Wink, 1999: 36 [as subgenus]
  • Type species:Bitis worthingtoniParker, 1932, by original designation.

• Laurenti, J.N. 1768.Specimen medicum, exhibens synopsin reptilium emendatam cum experimentis circa venena et antidota reptilium austriacorum, quod authoritate et consensu(In Latin). Joan Thomae: Vienna. 217 pp.BHLReference page. 
• Merrem, B. 1820.Versuch eines Systems der Amphibien. Johann Christian Krieger: Marburg. xv + 191 pp., 1 pl.BHLReference page. 
• Gray, J.E. 1842. Monographic Synopsis of the Vipers or the family Viperidae.Zoological Miscellany 2: 68–71.BHL
• International Commisision on Zoological Nomenclature 1945. Opinion 188. Suppression of the nameCobraLaurenti 1768 and suspension of the rules forBitisGray, 1842. pp. 77–92InHemming, F. (ed.).Opinions and declarations rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Volume 3, part 7. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature: London. 448 pp.BHLReference page. 
• Lenk, P.,Herrmann, H.-W.,Joger, U. &Wink, M. 1999. Phylogeny and taxonomic subdivision ofBitis (Reptilia: Viperidae) based on molecular evidence.Kaupia 8: 31–38.Reference page. 

• Ashe, J.S. &Marx, H. 1988. Phylogeny of the viperine snakes (Viperinae): Part II. Cladistic analysis and major lineages.Fieldiana: Zoology new series 52: 1–23.BHLReference page. 
• Wittenberg, R.D.,Jadin, R.C.,Fenwick, A.M. &Gutberlet Jr., R.L. 2015. Recovering the evolutionary history of Africa’s most diverse viper genus: morphological and molecular phylogeny ofBitis (Reptilia: Squamata: Viperidae).Organisms Diversity & Evolution 15(1): 115–125.DOI:10.1007/s13127-014-0185-3Reference page. 
• Gower, D.J.,Wade, E.,Spawls, S.,Böhme, W.,Buechley, E.R.,Sykes, D. &Colston, T.J. 2016. A new large species ofBitisGray, 1842 (Serpentes: Viperidae) from the Bale Mountains of Ethiopia.Zootaxa 4093(1): 41–63.DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.4093.1.3Reference page. 
• Barlow, A.,Wüster, W.,Kelly, C.M.R.,Branch, W.R.,Phelps, T. &Tolley, K.A. 2019. Ancient habitat shifts and organismal diversification are decoupled in the African viper genusBitis (Serpentes: Viperidae).Journal of Biogeography 46(6): 1234–1248.DOI:10.1111/jbi.13578Reference page. 

• Uetz, P. &Hallermann, J. 2025.Bitis.The Reptile Database. Accessed on 31 May 2022.

For more multimedia, look atBitis onWikimedia Commons.

• Conserved names
• John Edward Gray taxa

• Pages with taxonavigation templates
• Pages with vernacular names