![]() Vulcan-Centaur VC0S (Artist Impr.) [ULA] | ![]() Vulcan-Centaur VC2S (Peregrine 1) [ULA] | ![]() Vulcan-Centaur VC4S (USSF 106) [ULA] | ![]() Vulcan-Centaur VC6L [ULA] |
TheVulcan launch system, provisionally calledNGLS (NGLS), is a replacement under development by ULA (United Launch Alliance) to replace both theAtlas-5 andDelta-4 families.
The vehicle familiy is built on the base vehicle core featuring 5 m diameter tankage inherited from the Delta-4 and a LOX / LNG fueled propulsion system using two Blue Origin built BE-4 engines. The basic stage can be enhanced by two, four or six GEM-63XL solid motors manufactured by Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems (NGIS) (formerly Orbital ATK).
Initally Stage 1 will be expendable. Later the Sensible, Modular, Autonomous Return Technology (SMART) initiative might be introduced, which allows ULA to reuse the most expensive portion of the first stage – the booster main engines – via mid-air capture. This allows a controlled recovery environment providing the confidence needed to re-fly the hardware.
Initially the 3.05 m diameterCentaur-3 upper stage of Atlas-5 was to be used with 4 m and 5 m fairings. In early 2018, it was decided to skip these versions.
The initial Vulcan versions will now feature a 5.4 meters diameter Centaur-5 stage, featuring two RL10C-1 engines. After Centaur-5 an improved variant, Centaur-5+, will be introduced with an engine upgrade in a 2 engine configuration. A Centaur-5+Long will be implemented later, which will support 170klb of propellants and is not yet decided if it is to use two or four engines.
Finally, the Centaur second stage was originally be replaced by the more powerful ACES in 2023, which shares the tooling with Centaur-5. With the addition of ACES, Vulcan will achieve the current capability of theDelta-4 Heavy, which carries the largest payloads for the most critical customers. ACES will feature initially one to four RL10 engines, later to be downselected to BE-3U or XCOR engines. Later ACES was shelved and many features were incorporated in Centaur-5.
Vulcan Centaur-5 and Vulcan ACES will use 5 m payload fairings.
The Atlas-5 launch pads, SLC-41 at Cape Canaveral AFB and SLC-3E at Vandenberg AFB, will be modified to launch the Vulcan-boosters.
The maiden launch was planned for 2021, but had been delayed to January 2024.
| Launch Vehicle | Strap-On | Stage 1 | Stage 2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vulcan Centaur VC0 | - | Vulcan / 2 × BE-4 | Centaur-5 / 2 × RL10C-1 |
| Vulcan Centaur VC2 | 2 × GEM-63XL | Vulcan / 2 × BE-4 | Centaur-5 / 2 × RL10C-1 |
| Vulcan Centaur VC4 | 4 × GEM-63XL | Vulcan / 2 × BE-4 | Centaur-5 / 2 × RL10C-1 |
| Vulcan Centaur VC6 | 6 × GEM-63XL | Vulcan / 2 × BE-4 | Centaur-5 / 2 × RL10C-1 |
| Vulcan Centaur-Upgrade | 6 × GEM-63XL | Vulcan / 2 × BE-4 | Centaur-5+ / 2 × RL10C-X |
| Performance (kg) | LEO | LPEO | SSO | GTO | GEO | MolO | IP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vulcan Centaur VC0 | 10800 | 8500 | 7900 | 3300 | - | 2500 | 2100 |
| Vulcan Centaur VC2 | 19000 | 15200 | 14400 | 8300 | 2500 | 6200 | 6200 |
| Vulcan Centaur VC4 | 24600 | 20000 | 18500 | 11600 | 4800 | 8900 | 9100 |
| Vulcan Centaur VC6 | 27200 | 23900 | 22300 | 14400 | 6300 | 10600 | 11300 |
| Vulcan Centaur-Upgrade | 27200 | 24900 | 15300 | 7000 | 12100 |
* = structural limit
Nr: TNr: Vehicle: Serial: Fair: LS: Date: Payload
1 1 Vulcan Centaur VC2S V001 S CC SLC-41 08.01.2024Peregrine 1 /Celestis 20 2 2 Vulcan Centaur VC2S V002 S CC SLC-41 04.10.2024 iCert 2 3 1 Vulcan Centaur VC4S V003 S CC SLC-41 13.08.2025NTS 3 /USA 554 / USA 571 (USSF 106) 4 2 Vulcan Centaur VC4S V005 S CC SLC-41 12.02.2026 iGSSAP 7 /GSSAP 8 (USSF 87) / USA 584 ? / (multiple satellites)Planned: x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L V012 L CC SLC-41 xx.08.2025Amazon-Leo LV-01 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-02 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-03 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-04 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-05 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-06 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-07 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-08 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-09 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-10 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-11 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-12 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-13 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-14 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-15 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-16 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-17 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-18 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-19 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-20 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-21 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-22 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-23 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-24 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-25 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-26 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-27 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-28 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-29 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-30 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-31 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-32 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-33 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-34 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-35 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-36 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-37 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VC6L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xAmazon-Leo LV-38 1, ..., +40 x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202x DRACO Demo (USSF 25) x x Vulcan Centaur VC4L V00x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.2026Dream Chaser Cargo F1 x x Vulcan Centaur VC4L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xDream Chaser Cargo F2 x x Vulcan Centaur VC4L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xDream Chaser Cargo F3 x x Vulcan Centaur VC4L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xDream Chaser Cargo F4 x x Vulcan Centaur VC4L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xDream Chaser Cargo F5 x x Vulcan Centaur VC4L x L CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xDream Chaser Cargo F6 x x Vulcan Centaur VC2S x S CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xGPS-3 10 x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x S CC SLC-41 xx.xx.2027GPS-3F 1 x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x S CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xGPS-3F 2 x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x S CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xGPS-3F 3 x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x S CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xGPS-3F 4 x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x CC SLC-41 xx.xx.2026 MTC Epoch-1 1 (USSF 95) x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x CC SLC-41 xx.xx.2026NG-OPIR-GEO 1 (USSF 57) x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x CC SLC-41 xx.xx.2026NG-OPIR-GEO 2 (USSF 50) x x Vulcan Centaur VC6x x CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202xSilentbarker 4, 5, 6 (NROL 118) x x Vulcan Centaur VC2L x CC SLC-41 xx.xx.2026WGS 11 x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202x NROL 56 x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202x NROL 64 x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x Va SLC-3E xx.xx.202x NROL 73 x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x Va SLC-3E xx.xx.202x NROL 83 x x Vulcan Centaur VC4S x S CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202x NROL 88 x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x Va SLC-3E xx.xx.202x NROL 100 x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202x NROL 109 x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202x STP 5 x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x Va SLC-3E xx.xx.202x T1TR-B x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x Va SLC-3E xx.xx.202x T1TR-D x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x Va SLC-3E xx.xx.2026 T2TL-B x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202x USSF 16 x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x CC SLC-41 xx.xx.202x USSF 23 x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x CC SLC-41 xx.xx.2026 ? /ROOSTER 4 (USSF 43) x x Vulcan Centaur VC4x x CC SLC-41 xx.xx.2025 USSF 112 x x Vulcan Centaur VCxx x Va SLC-3E xx.xx.202x USSF 114 Launch sites:CC = Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Eastern Test Range, Cape Canaveral, Florida, USAVa = Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, USA
Failure types: FFailure (failed to reach orbit)PPartial Failure (orbit reached, payload not in usable orbit)pPartial Failure (prime payload in usable orbit)iIssues (launch successful, but technical issues)*SuborbitalFailures and incidents: 2: Nozzle of one of the SRBs of the launch vehicle fell off 40 seconds into the flight 2: Nozzle of one of the SRBs of the launch vehicle experienced an issue several seconds into the flight