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Rutherfordium

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Ernest Rutherford

Rutherfordium is achemical element. It has also been namedeka-hafnium andunnilquadium. It has the symbolRf and has theatomic number 104. It is a veryradioactive element that does not exist in nature. It has to be made. Rutherfordium is the firsttransactinide element.. Theisotope that has the longesthalf-life is²⁶⁵Rf. Rutherfordium-265 only has a half life of about 13 hours.

The amount of rutherfordium that has been made is not enough to give much information about it. The element has no present uses. It is thought that the chemistry of rutherfordium will be like the chemistry ofhafnium.

History

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Rutherfordium was named afterErnest Rutherford. It was reported that it wasfirst made in1964 at theJoint Institute for Nuclear Research atDubna,Russia. Thescientists reported that theybombarded a different chemical element²⁴²Pu with the element²²Ne. The neon-22particles wereaccelerated to anenergy of 113 to 115MeV. They claim they detectednuclear fission tracks in a special type of glass with amicroscope showing that a new element was there.

In1969 scientists at theUniversity of California, Berkeley made rutherfordium bybanging together²⁴⁹Cf and¹²C at very high energies. These scientists said that when they tried to make rutherfordium in the same way as the scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research none of the element was produced.

The scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research claimed that it was firstdetected in Dubna. They thought it should be nameddubnium (Db) orkurchatovium (Ku) forIgor Vasilevich Kurchatov (1903-1960).

The scientists at theUniversity of California, Berkeley thought it should be namedrutherfordium (Rf).

TheInternational Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) decides the name of elements that should be used by everyone. They usedunnilquadium (Unq) as a temporary name. Unnilquadium is thesystematic element name meaning "one-zero-four" in Latin. In1997 they resolved the dispute and used the current name of rutherfordium. Thechemical element with atomic number 105 was named dubnium.

Related pages

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References

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Los Alamos National Laboratory Rutherford Archived 2006-02-16 at theWayback Machine

Other websites

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Wikimedia Commons has media related toRutherfordium.

WebElements.com - Rutherfordium

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Alkaline earth metals

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