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Phoenix (spacecraft)

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Phoenix was a robotic spacecraft on a space exploration mission onMars to searchwater andlife there under the Mars Scout Program.It was launched from Florida on 4 Aug 2007 and landed safely on Mars on 25 May 2008.

Mission scientists used instruments aboard the lander to search for environments suitable formicrobial life on Mars, and to research the history of water there. It found that there was water in the soil on Mars.

The mission ended on November 10, 2008.

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Spacecraft missions toMars

Active

Flybys	Psyche^‡ (flyby in 2026)
Orbiters	2001 Mars Odyssey Mars Express Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter MAVEN ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter Hope Tianwen-1 orbiter
Rovers	Curiosity roving since 2012, run byMars Science Laboratory Perseverance roving since 2021, run byMars 2020

Past

Flybys	Europa Clipper^‡ Hera^‡ 2025 Mars Cube One (picture) Dawn^‡ Rosetta^‡ Mars 7 Mars 6 (picture) Mariner 6 and 7 (picture) Mariner 4 Zond 2^† (picture) Mars 1^†
Orbiters	Mars 2 Mars 3 Mariner 9 Mars 5 Viking program Viking 1 Viking 2 Mars Global Surveyor Mangalyaan Nozomi^† Mars Climate Orbiter^† Mars Observer^† Phobos program Phobos 1^† Phobos 2^† Mars 4^†
Landers	Viking 1 Viking 2 Mars Pathfinder Phoenix InSight Tianwen-1 lander Beagle 2^† Mars Polar Lander^† / Deep Space 2^† ExoMarsSchiaparelli^† Mars 2^† Mars 3^† Mars 6^† Mars 7^†
Rovers	Zhurong roved until 2022 Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity roved until 2018 Spirit roved until 2009 Sojourner roved until 1997 PrOP-M^†
Aircraft	Ingenuity helicopter last flight in 2024; run byMars 2020

Failed launches	Mars 1M No.1 1M No.2 2MV-4 No.1 2MV-3 No.1 Mariner 3 Mars 2M No.521 2M No.522 Mariner 8 Mars 3MS No.170 Mars 96 Fobos-Grunt /Yinghuo-1

Future

Planned	EscaPADE (2025) Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) (2026) Mangalyaan-2 (2026) Tera-hertz Explorer (TEREX) Tianwen-3 (2028) Rosalind Franklin (2028) MBR Explorer^‡ (2028, flyby in 2031) NASA-ESA Mars Sample Return Mars Sample Recovery Helicopters Kazachok
Proposed	MAGGIE SpaceX Mars program Mars-Grunt

Concepts	Flyby Orbiter Landing Atmospheric entry Rover Aircraft Sample return Human mission Permanent settlement Colonization Terraforming
Strategies	Mars Scout Program Mars Exploration Program Mars Exploration Joint Initiative Mars Next Generation
Advocacy	The Mars Project The Case for Mars Inspiration Mars Mars Institute Mars Society Mars race

Missions are ordered by launch date. Sign^† indicates failure en route or before intended mission data returned.^‡ indicates use of the planet as agravity assist en route to another destination.

v t e Mars
Moons	Phobos ·Deimos
Surface features	Olympus Mons ·Atmosphere of Mars ·Syrtis Major ·Valles Marineris ·Tharsis
Atmosphere and climate	Dust devil ·Water on Mars ·Life on Mars
Exploration	Mariner 4 ·Mariner 9 ·Viking program ·Phoenix ·Mars Science Laboratory(Curiosity rover)
Other	Solar eclipses on Mars ·Colonization of Mars · ·Terraforming of Mars ·Mars in fiction

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