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Palaeozoic

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ThePalaeozoic (orPaleozoic)era is the earliest of the three eras of thePhanerozoic. Its name meansearly life. It lasted from about 541 to 252 million years ago (mya) and ended with the greatestextinction event, thePermian–Triassic extinction event. The Palaeozoic was the beginning of plants and animals. In particular, fish dominate the Palaeozoic.

Beginning

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TheCambrian explosion marks the era with thousands of new life forms in the ancient seas. The era saw thedevelopment of mostinvertebrate groups, life's conquest of land, theevolution offish,reptiles,synapsids (the ancestors ofmammals),amphibians,insects, andplants, the formation of the supercontinent ofPangea and at least two distinctice ages. The Earth rotated faster than it does today, so days were shorter, and the nearer moon caused stronger tides.

Oxygen and CO2 levels

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Oxygen content of the atmosphere over the last billion years.[1]

At the start of the longCarboniferous period oxygen was low and carbon dioxide was high. The huge growth of trees and other plants during this time reversed these data. The carbon dioxide level dropped throughout theCarboniferous, and the oxygen level rose continuously until it dropped in the Permian.[2]

Oxygen reached a peak of about 30% about 280 million years ago.[3] That is much higher than today's 21%.

Periods

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The six periods of the Palaeozoic are:

References

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  1. Martin, Daniel; McKenna, Helen; Livina, Valerie (2016)."The human physiological impact of global deoxygenation".The Journal of Physiological Sciences.67 (1):97–106.doi:10.1007/s12576-016-0501-0.ISSN 1880-6546.PMC 5138252.PMID 27848144.
  2. Lane N. 2002.Oxygen: the molecule that made the World. Oxford University Press, diagram p83.ISBN 0-19-860783-0
  3. Lane N. 2002. Chapter 5: The Bolsover Dragonfly: Oxygen and the rise of the Giants
Cenozoic era
(the last 66 million years)
Quaternary(the last 2.588 million years)
Neogene(2.588 million years ago–23.03mya)
Palaeogene(23.03 million years ago–66 mya)
Mesozoic era
(66 million years ago–251.902 mya)
Cretaceous(66 million years ago–145.0 mya)
Jurassic(145 million years ago–201.3 mya)
Triassic(201.3–251.902 mya)
Palaeozoic era
(251.902–541.0 mya)
Permian(251.902–298.9 mya)
Carboniferous(298.9–358.9 mya)
Devonian(358.9–419.2 mya)
Silurian(419.2–443.8 Mya)
Ordovician(443.8–485.4 mya)
Cambrian(485.4–541.0 mya)
Proterozoic eon
(541.0 mya–2.5 Gya)
Neoproterozoic era(541.0 mya–1 Gya)
Mesoproterozoic era(1–1.6 Gya)
Palaeoproterozoic era(1.6–2.5 Gya)
Archean eon(2.5–4 Gya)
Eras
Hadean eon(4–4.6 Gya)
 
 
kya = thousands years ago.mya = millions years ago.Gya = billions years ago.
See also:Geologic time scale,
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